Ma'anar kuma an yarda da rarrabewar ciwon sukari

Cutar sankara (mellitus) cuta ce gama gari da ake danganta shi da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar mahaifa kuma yana haɗuwa tare da haɓakar mai aiki da jini.

Dangane da ma'anar WHO (Healthungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya), akwai rarrabuwar kamuwa da cuta a cikin azuzuwan.

Tsarin ciwon sukari

Dangane da rarrabuwa, ya kamata a bambanta:

• ciwon sukari mellitus;
• ciwon suga;
• gestational a cikin mata masu ciki.

Dangane da ICD 10 (rarrabawa na duniya), rarrabuwa ta zamani tayi kama da haka:

• Nau'in 1 - ya dogara da insulin, Lambar E10 (insulin wajibi ne);
• Nau'ikan 2 - marasa insulin-mai zaman kanta, lambar E11 (yana tsoratar da wuce haddi mai yawa da wadataccen jini);
• lambar E12 - wanda ke haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki (yana faruwa ne ta fuskar matsananciyar yunwar ko hanta da aikin koda da na koda);
• lambar E13 - gauraye;
• lambar E14 - nau'in cutar mara iyaka.

Menene haɗarin ciwon sukari? Gaskiyar cewa akwai bambanci a cikin alamun kowane aji na cutar, kuma kowane nau'in yana haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin ayyukan tsarin jikin mutum.

Nau'in 1

Mellitus nau'in insulin-wanda ke dogara da ciwon sukari shine cuta wanda aka samo shi sakamakon lalacewar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, yana haifar da tara yawan sukari a cikin jiki. Irin wannan ilimin yana haɓaka tare da ƙarancin insulin wajibi don dacewa da metabolism na metabolism.

Glandar da take fama dashi bazai iya jurewa samar da isasshen hormone ba. Dangane da wannan, yawan shan gulluma a cikin sel yana da wahala kuma sukarin jini ya yawaita. Hanya mafi mahimmanci don rama don ƙarancin ƙwayar hormone shine sanya allurar cikin kullun.

Marasa lafiya da wannan nau'in cutar dole ne su bi jadawalin allurar insulin a duk rayuwarsu don ci gaba da rayuwa. Saboda haka, ana kiran wannan nau'in insulin-dependance.

Wannan nau'in cutar ita ce mafi yawan lokuta a cikin haihuwa kuma ana samun ta a yara ko lokacin samartaka.

Abubuwan bidiyo akan kayan nau'in 1 masu ciwon sukari:

Babban alamun cutar ta bayyana kamar haka:

• urin yawan urination da kuma sakin babban yawan fitsari;
• karuwar ci;
• ƙishirwa;
• jin busasshen bakin;
• fata mai ƙyalli;
• rashin asara mara nauyi;
• rauni, nutsuwa.

Dangane da sakamakon gwajin jini, an lura da karuwar yawan sukari, ana samun ƙwayoyin mai a cikin fitsari.

Nan gaba, ciwo mai narkewa a cikin ciki yana haɗuwa da alamun, wanda a haɗe tare da hare-hare na tashin zuciya yana rage ci.

A ƙarƙashin tasirin dalilai masu haɗari, haɓaka mai yawa a cikin glucose mai yiwuwa ne, wanda ba tare da gyara na lokaci ba yana haifar da hyperglycemia.

Don tsokanar hauhawar sukari jini zai iya:

• ƙwayar damuwa;
• kamuwa da cuta ko kumburi;
• take hakkin abinci;
• ciki
• raunin da ya faru
• barasa da shan taba sigari;
• yin azumi ko wuce gona da iri;
• sa bakin ciki;
• tsallake allurar insulin ko kuma gwargwado.

Sakamakon glucose na jini wanda ba a iya canzawa ba, nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari yana da haɗari ga rikitarwa:

• mai ciwon sukari nephropathy da gazawar koda;
• lalacewar tsarin juyayi (neuropathy);
• hauhawar jini
• cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini;
• ketoacidosis - rikitarwa wanda ya haifar da rushewar ƙwayoyin jikin kitse, wanda ke haifar da karuwar halittar ketone;
• hawan jini.

Ketoacidosis da hyperglycemia na iya haifar da ci gaban kwaro kuma yana haifar da mutuwa.

Ciwon sukari na Type 1 cuta ce da ba ta da lafiya kuma marasa lafiya da ke fama da wannan cutar ya kamata su auna yawan sukari a cikin jininsu, bi mawuyacin abincin da kuma jituwa da jadawalin allurar insulin.

Nau'in 2

Wannan cuta ana haifar da rashin isasshen aikin insulin na hormone, wanda aka samar a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙwayar cuta, amma ba zai iya hulɗa da kyau tare da sel kuma yana taimakawa ga rushewar glucose.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin nau'ikan cututtukan biyu. Canje-canje na cututtukan metabolism a cikin nau'in 1 an danganta shi da lalata ƙwayar cuta, kuma tare da nau'in 2, asarar mai saurin karɓawar masu karɓa a cikin insulin.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ba a buƙatar biyan diyya na hormone akai-akai, kuma ana kiran shi da-insulin-dogara. Wannan ilimin haɓakar kansa yana haɓaka cikin mutane tsawon rayuwa kuma yawanci yana bayyana kanta riga a cikin tsakiyar shekaru.

Babban abubuwanda ke haifar da faruwar wannan cuta sun hada da:

• kwayoyin halittar jini;
• kiba;
• cin zarafin abinci a cikin carbohydrates mai sauri da sukari;
• ƙananan aiki na jiki;
• hauhawar jini
• barasa da sinadarin nicotine.

Bayyanar cututtuka na nau'in 2 na cuta ba su bayyana sosai kuma sau da yawa ana gano cutar yayin binciken likita don wata cuta. Marasa lafiya na iya lura da rashiwar gani, daɗa yawan ci da faruwar cutar.

Ana gudanar da binciken cutar ne bisa ga sakamakon binciken wani samfurin jini da aka dauka bayan awowi 8 na azumi. An tabbatar da ilimin cutar sankara tare da dabi'un sukari da ya wuce na halal na kwarai.

Cututturar da ba ta da insulin-insulin, kamar nau'in cuta ta 1, ba za a iya maganin ta ba kuma cuta ce ta tsawon rayuwa. Taimako mai tallafi ya ƙunshi lura da tsaftataccen abinci tare da mafi yawan abinci mai ƙanƙan da abinci na kayan lambu da wariyar kitse, kayan lefe da sitaci daga menu. Measuresarin matakan kulawa sune amfani da sukari da rage ƙarfin ji-da-inganta magungunan masu karɓar ƙwayoyin hannu, kazalika da gabatar da ayyukan motsa jiki na matsakaici.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don maganin nasara shine asarar nauyi da ƙin halaye marasa kyau. Marasa lafiya suna buƙatar saka idanu akan matakan sukari kuma suna ɗaukar ma'auni sau da yawa a rana.

Ciwon sukari insipidus

Wani dysfunction na hypothalamus, sakamakon wanda ya samar da isasshen adadin vasopressin a cikin jiki, ana kiran shi da ciwon sukari insipidus. Vasopressin wani sinadari ne wanda ke da alhakin aikin jijiyoyin koda da na hanjin kansa.

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan cuta iri biyu:

1. Nemarogenic- cuta mafi saurin haifar sakamakon raunin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar sel a cikin hormone na hypothalamus. Pathology na iya faruwa saboda lalacewar kodan ta hanyar shan magunguna ko kuma saboda cutar rashin haihuwa.
2. Hypothalamic yana haɓaka gaba da ƙarancin samarwa na vasopressin kuma an rarrabu cikin Symptomatic - ya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa tare da kamuwa da cuta, rauni ko ciwace-ciwacen daji, da kuma idiopathic - wanda aka kirkira saboda tsinkayar ƙwayar halitta.

Saboda haka, dalilan bayar da tasu gudummawa ga ci gaban ciwon insipidus sun hada da:

• gado;
• neoplasms a cikin kwakwalwa;
• ciwon kai;
• cutar kumburi da meninges;
• cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun jini wadanda ke damun jijiyoyin jini;
• cutar koda.

Manyan alamun cutar suna bayyana ne ta hanyar:

• ba tare da ƙishirwa ba;
• babban yawan fitsari (ana cinye ruwa sama da lita 20 a rana) (sama da lita 25 a rana);
• farji da rushewa;
• hypotension;
• rashin kwanciyar hankali;
• nauyi asara da kuma rashin ci;
• gazawar zagayowar wata;
• erectile tabarbarewa.

Sakamakon ruwa mai yalwa da ke shiga jikin mutum, ciki ya shimfiɗa kuma ya keɓance, hanjin hanji da bile zai shafi. Canje-canje suna faruwa a cikin tsarin urinary, wanda aka bayyana a cikin damuwa na ureters, ƙashin ƙugu na ƙoda da na mafitsara.

Maganin cutar shine kamar haka:

• abincin abinci, tare da ƙuntatawa abinci na furotin;
• lura da cututtukan da ke haifar da rikicewar hormone;
• replenishment na asarar ruwa da electrolytes a jikin mutum ta hanyar shigar cikin ciki na hanyoyin kwantar da ruwa;
• Maimaita cutar rashin vasopressin ta hanyar saukar desmopressin (maye gurbin hormone) a hanci.

Tare da magani da ya dace, ciwon insipidus na ciwon sukari baya shafar tsammanin rayuwar marasa lafiya.

Cutar sukari ko kuma karancin jinkirin glucose

Halin da ke dauke da cutar sankarar mama yana faruwa ta hanyar karuwar karancin glucose na jini, amma a lokaci guda ya wuce dabi'un da aka yarda da su. Hadarin wannan nau'in cutar ya ta'allaka ne ga yiwuwar haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kazalika da ciwon suga. Halin barazanar yana buƙatar gano dalilin lalacewar tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar carbohydrate da magani da ya dace.

Abubuwan da zasu haifar da wannan yanayin na iya zama:

• kiba
• tsufa;
• cututtukan endocrine;
• gado;
• hauhawar jini
• Pathology na hanta, kodan, tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini;
• lokacin haihuwar yaro;
• cin zarafin abinci mai yawa;
• magani na hormonal;
• ƙwayar damuwa;
• babban cholesterol.

Ilimin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yana da alamu masu sauƙi waɗanda galibi basu san su ba:

• ƙishirwa
• asarar ƙarfi;
• jihar rashin tsoro;
• mai saukin kamuwa da cutar hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri.

Don gano cutar, ana yin gwajin jini don glucose. Alamar faɗakarwa zai zama matakin sama da 6.3 mmol / L.

Mata masu juna biyu, mutanen da ke da dangi da ke da ciwon sukari, da kuma mutanen da ke da haɗarin kamuwa da sukari, suna yin gwajin haƙuri a jiki. Manuniya na nazarin farko ya fi 6.9 mmol / l, kuma na biyu - ba fiye da 11.2 mmol / l yana nuna halayyar haɓakar ƙwayar cuta ba.

Irin waɗannan mutane suna buƙatar maimaita gwajin jini kowane watanni uku. Don rigakafin, kuna buƙatar bincika kowane watanni shida.

Bayan bincikar cutar, an shawarci marasa lafiya su guji gajiyawar jiki da juyayi, ƙara yawan aiki na jiki, bi abin da ke cikin abinci da ƙin shan giya da jarabar nicotine.

Yarda da matakan kariya zai hana ci gaban cututtukan metabolism da hana ci gaban ciwon sukari.

Tsarin motsa jiki yayin daukar ciki

Yawan tarawar glucose a cikin jini yana faruwa ne a cikin mata masu juna biyu sakamakon sake fasalin yanayin aikin hormonal da raguwar ayyukan jiki. Irin wannan ilimin zai iya ɓace wa kansa bayan haihuwar yaro ko kuma ya haifar da ci gaba da ciwon sukari.

Kulawa da sukari na yau da kullun wajibi ne a duk lokacin haihuwar. Irin wannan nau'in na cutar na iya shafar ciki, lafiyar tayin da mahaifiyar da ke jira.

Babban matakan sukari yana haifar da hauhawar jini a cikin mace mai ciki, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtukan fata mai ƙima, wanda, bi da bi, yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban hypoxia a tayin.

Ilimin da ba a iya daidaitawa ba yana kara yawan sukari a cikin jinin tayin, inda yake bayar da gudummawa ga samuwar kitse mai kitse. Sakamakon haka, nauyin yaron da kan sa da kuma girman sa ya karu. A cikin mata masu juna biyu waɗanda ke da nau'in haihuwa, galibi ana samun haihuwa mai yawa, yana kaiwa sama da kilogiram 4 na nauyi, wanda ke kawo cikas ga tsarin haihuwa da kuma haifar da raunin garkuwar mahaifa.

Rashin daidaituwar metabolism koda ana yawancin lokaci ana lura dashi a wannan rukuni na mutane:

• mata masu juna biyu da yanayin haihuwa;
• matan aure;
• tarihin mata masu juna biyu masu ciwon suga;
• mata masu ƙwayar ƙwayar polycystic;
• matan da ke da sinadarai a cikin fitsari;
• marasa lafiya waɗanda ke cin zarafin halaye marasa kyau kuma suna haifar da rayuwa mara amfani;
• mata masu ciki da cutar hawan jini da cututtuka na tsarin zuciya;
• matan da suka sami juna biyu da yawa a baya sunada manyan yara ko tayin da ke tattare da rashin ci gaba.

Bidiyo kan cutar sankarar mahaifa:

Ya kamata ilimin motsa jiki ya dogara da shawarwarin likita, saka idanu na yau da kullum na sukari, karuwa mai ma'ana a cikin aikin jiki da abinci. A nan gaba, irin waɗannan mata suna buƙatar yin gwaje-gwaje na likita sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida don hana ci gaba da ciwon sukari.