Cholesterol abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci na sel, ruwan jiki da kyallen takarda. Theimar wannan mai nuna alama koyaushe ya kasance cikin kewayon al'ada don tabbatar da aiki ba tare da tsayayye ba na gabobin da tsarinsu.
In ba haka ba, akwai haɗarin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya ko wasu cututtuka. Mata sukan sami matsaloli irin wannan yayin mata, musammam yayin fara haila.
Menene cholesterol?
Cholesterol (cholesterol) tana nufin fili mai narkewa na jiki. Jiki yana samarwa ko kuma ya fito ne daga yanayin waje.
Iri abu:
- Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa (LDL) - dauke da mummunan cholesterol. Maimaita irin waɗannan mahadi kada su wuce yadda aka saba, don kada su haifar da tabarbarewa cikin zaman lafiya. Tare da karuwa, ana buƙatar matakan warkewa.
- Babban yawa na Lipoproteins (HDL) - suna da kyau cholesterol. Wadannan abubuwa suna tallafawa mahimman hanyoyin jikin mutum.
Babban ayyuka:
- jigilar abubuwa daga sel da baya;
- halarta a cikin ɓoye na hormones mace, tafiyar matakai na rayuwa wanda ke shafar mai-mai narkewa;
- yana ba da gudummawa ga samar da bitamin D;
- yana ba da kariya daga ƙwayoyin sel;
- yana tsayar da warewar jijiyoyin jijiya;
- yana aiki azaman ƙarin kashi da ake amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar samfuran bile;
- yana haɓaka kirkirar abubuwan kwakwalwa da ƙwayoyin jini;
- yana daidaita narkewar abinci saboda lalacewa da kuma ƙoshin abubuwan gina jiki.
Rage abin nuna alama daga al'ada yana haifar da damuwa a cikin aikin yawancin tsarin da aiwatarwa, gami da canje-canje a cikin samar da bitamin D.
Al'ada a cikin mata dangane da shekaru
Masana ilimin kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa tsawon shekaru da daidaita sikirin mace yana shafar yadda yawan acid din yake kasancewa a jiki. Kulawa da wannan alamar yana ba da damar gano lokaci na ɓacewa iri iri da kuma ɗaukar matakan da suka dace don hana faruwar cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini.
Cholesterol daidai yake a tsarinsa da kuma tsarin sa, har ma da la'akari da rarrabuwa da kyakkyawa da mara kyau. Bambanci tsakanin wadannan nau'ikan mahadi ya ta'allaka ne a cikin sunadaran da suke hade da su. Anara yawan matakan LDL yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar filaye a cikin tasoshin da ke haifar da bugun zuciya, haɓakar bugun jini, ko wasu cututtukan cuta.
Matsakaicin al'ada na HDL yana kawar da tasoshin jini daga mummunan cholesterol kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga canja wurin shi zuwa hanta don ci gaba da aiki.
Kuna iya sanin matakin mai nuna alama ta hanyar bayanin martaba na lipid. Irin wannan gwajin jini yana ba ka damar kafa matakin duka cholesterol, da LDL, HDL. Yana da kyau a gudanar da binciken a kowace shekara 5, tunda dabi'u masu alamu suna canzawa yayin aiwatar da girma ko tsufa.
Mafi bayyananne, canje-canje yakan zama bayyananne lokacin da mata suka kai 30, 40 years, da kuma bayan shekaru 50 da 60. A cikin waɗannan lokutan, ana samun raguwar haɓakar ƙwayoyin estrogen, wanda ba tare da wanda tsarin kawar da ƙwayoyin mai ke ciwo ba.
An saita matakan aiki ta shekaru. A cikin girlsan mata thean mata, ƙarancin cholesterol ya ragu sosai. A lokacin daukar ciki, an ayyana ƙa'idodi daban-daban. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan ƙwayoyin cuta a lokacin duk lokacin haihuwar yaro. A cikin sharuddan kwanan nan, mai nuna alama na iya ƙaruwa sau 2.
Teburin abubuwan da ke nuna alamomin cholesterol ga mata:
| Janar nuna alama | HDL | LDL | Katr |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3,0 - 5,5 | 0,86 - 2,28 | 1,92 - 4,51 | babu fiye da 3.0 |
Haɓaka ƙwayoyin plalestrol ana iya haifar dashi ba kawai ta ƙaruwa a cikin adadin adadin kitse mai yawa ba, har ma da rabo daga HDL da LDL (KATR atherogenicity coefficient). Wannan alamar tana ba ku damar sanin matakin haɗarin mummunan cututtukan cututtukan jini ko zuciya a cikin mutum.
Har zuwa shekaru 30
A wannan lokacin, hadarin karuwa a cikin mai nuna alama ba kadan bane. Wannan shi ne saboda haɓaka aikin haɓakawa da haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Jiki ya sami damar cire LDL mai wucewa, duk da yawan cin abinci mai ƙiba, kyawawan halaye.
Tebur na al'ada a wannan lokacin:
| Darajar jimlar cholesterol | HDL | LDL |
|---|---|---|
| kasa da 5.73 | kasa da 2.13 | kasa da 4.24 |
Shekaru 30 zuwa 40
Bayan farawa daga shekaru 30, canje-canje masu girma na hormonal suna faruwa a jikin mace, wanda zai haifar da cin zarafin ƙwayar lipid. Wannan yanayin na iya faruwa saboda yawan wuce gona da iri, rashin yarda da tsarin abincin, yanayin rayuwa mai tsauri, da kuma sauran abubuwanda ke haifar da illa.
Sakamakon irin waɗannan canje-canje shine bayyanar ƙarin fam da karuwa a LDL. Bayan shekaru 30, yana da muhimmanci a duba cholesterol din a cikin kowace shekara 3 ko aƙalla shekaru 5.
Matsayi na yau da kullun na mai nunawa yayin wannan lokacin an gabatar dasu a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa:
| Darajar jimlar cholesterol | HDL | LDL |
|---|---|---|
| 3,4 - 3,9 | 0,91 - 2,11 | 1,8 - 4,5 |
Shekaru 40 zuwa 50
Wannan halin yana nuna kusan kusan sau biyu a cikin ƙwayoyin cholesterol. Wannan na faruwa ne ta fuskoki daban-daban da ke faruwa a jikinsu wanda ya fara menopause. Mitar gudanar da nazarin sarrafawa na matakin nuna alama kada ya kasance ƙasa da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 3.
Tebur na matakan cholesterol a cikin mata daga rukunin mutane na shekaru 40-50:
| Darajar jimlar cholesterol | HDL | LDL |
|---|---|---|
| 3,9 - 6,6 | 0,91 - 2,32 | 1,89 - 4,48 |
Bayan shekara 50
Bayan ya kai ga wannan zamani, haɓakar isrogen yana raguwa a jiki, a sakamakon wanda matakan cholesterol suke ƙaruwa. Matan da suke da darajar nuna alama suna cikin kewayon 4-7.3 mmol / l, ba za su iya damuwa da lafiyar su ba. Ko da ƙananan karkacewa daga ƙa'idodin an yarda. An dauki ilimin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a matsayin wuce haddi na ƙa'ida ta aƙalla 1 mmol / l ko raguwa a matakin.
Ga mata sama da 60, haɓakar ƙwayoyin cholesterol an yarda da su zuwa 7.69 mmol / L. Abubuwan da suka shafi kamar abinci mara daidaituwa, hawan jini ko rashin motsi yana cutar da matakan LDL kuma zasu iya haifar da ci gaba da cututtukan cututtukan fata.
Alamomin Kwayar Manyan Kwayoyi
Tushen wannan hanyar ilimin cuta ba shi da wata bayyanannun bayyanannun bayyanannun ɗan adam a farkon matakan ci gaba. Hanyar asymptomatic na iya wucewa har shekaru da yawa. A mafi yawancin halayen, ana iya gano karkatarwa daga al'ada a lokacin gwajin jini na yau da kullun.
Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa yanayin mai tsawo wanda aka haɓaka ta ƙimar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da saka ɗakunan ajiya a bangon jijiyoyin bugun gini. A sakamakon haka, hypoxia, ischemia na wasu gabobin ciki zasu iya haɓaka.
Bayyananniyar bayyanannun abubuwa za su kasance alamomin cututtukan sakandare waɗanda suka tashi a kan asalin haɓakar ƙimar lipoproteins:
- hypercholesterolemia;
- hauhawar jini
- lalata kwakwalwa ko wasu gabobin ciki.
Alamun hypercholesterolemia:
- jin zafi a bayan mafitsara ko a sashinsa na hagu, kazalika da ƙasan scapula, halayyar lalacewar ƙwayar zuciya;
- karancin numfashi (wahayi);
- arrhythmia.
Alamomin hauhawar jini:
- ciwon kai
- amai ko yawan saurin tashin zuciya;
- jin zafi;
- gajiya
- Dizziness
- karuwar matsin lamba, mai dorewa.
Idan kwakwalwa ta lalace ko canje-canje na cututtukan cuta sun faru a cikin gabobin, za a gabatar da numfashi, urination, da raunin tunani.
Me zai yi idan mai ƙididdigar ya karu?
Gano irin wannan yanayin yana buƙatar matakan likita da suka dace. Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar gano menene dalilin haifar da karuwar ƙimar jini.
A cikin yanayin inda mace, ban da ƙara cholesterol, ba ta da sauran canje-canje na cututtukan cuta, ya zama dole a yi canje-canje ga halayen cin abinci, da halayya. Idan an gano wata cuta, za a nemi takamaiman magani.
Hanyoyin magani:
- magani mai guba;
- cin abinci;
- motsa jiki
- maganin ganye.
Maganin magani yana tattare da shan magunguna daban-daban:
- Statins. Ana amfani da waɗannan kudaden a yawancin halaye. Abubuwan da ke aiki na kwayoyi suna lalata lipids kuma suna haifar da raguwar haɓakar cholesterol. Shan irin waɗannan magunguna yana taimaka wa marasa lafiya tsawan rayuwarsu kuma yana hana aukuwar matsaloli daban-daban, haka kuma lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki.
- Fibrates. Ayyukan waɗannan magungunan an yi niyya ne don rage darajar LDL da haɓaka matakan HDL.
- Lipoprotein shan abubuwan hana ruwa cikin hanji. Suna hana ɗaukar abubuwa masu aiki kuma suna taimaka cire su daga cikin hanjin.
- Omega 3. Magungunan yana rage LDL kuma yana rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
- Tsarin acid na bile. Magunguna za su iya amfani da acid din bile wanda ke ɗauke da yawan ƙwayoyin cuta mara kyau.
Bidiyo daga Dr. Malysheva game da statins:
Biye da abinci mai dauke da cholesterol mai yawa yana taimakawa rage karfin bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka kyautatawar mai haƙuri. Abincin bai kamata ya wakilta ta jita-jita daga abinci da aka wadatad da su a cikin kitse mai narkewa ba. An bada shawara a ci abincin da ke ɗauke da fiber, bitamin, acid marasa ɗorewa. Kada a yi jita-jita da shi, kuma fifiko ya kamata a stewed, dafa shi ko gasa.
Bugu da kari, kar a manta da aikin jiki. Kowane irin wannan nauyin ya rage matakin mai nuna alama. Mafi inganci sune tafiya, gudu, hawa matakala, gami da kayakin kaduna, ana gudanar dasu karkashin kulawar malami.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da maganin ganyayyaki tare da magani wanda likita ya umarta sannan kuma ba zai iya zama babban hanyar rage ƙwayar cholesterol ba. Kawai tare da ƙara ƙima a cikin mai nuna alama na iya ƙwararrun masani na amfani da waɗannan kudade ba tare da shan wasu magunguna a lokaci guda ba.
Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa zaɓin ingantacciyar hanya don rage yawan cholesterol kawai likita zai iya yin shine dangane da tarihin mace, yanayinta da kuma cututtukan da ke tattare da ita.
