Wannan ƙira da aka ba shi don ciwo ne wanda yake faruwa ne sakamakon wani sabon abu - abin da ya faru na yanayin ketonemia (aka acetonemia) - bayyanar a cikin jinin ƙwayoyin acetone (ketone).
Saboda narkewar jini ta hanyar kodan, babu makawa acetone ya shiga fitsari, wanda yafi sauƙin ganowa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje fiye da jini.
Wannan yana ba da dalili don ɗauka kasancewar kamuwa da cutar siga da sauran yanayi inda wannan madaidaicin mahallin sunadarai ya mamaye wani yanki inda kasancewar sa gaba ɗaya bai dace ba.
Menene ketonuria?
Acetone abu ne mai matukar aiki kuma mai matukar tayar da hankali, saboda yanayin fasalin kwayar ta, kawai bashi da ikon yin shishshigi a lokacin da yake amsa sunadarai.
Kuma irin tasirin da ke haifar da gamsuwa yayin aiwatar da ayyukan gida (tsage farin fenti), haifar da damuwar da ta dace yayin da ya shafi ayyukan sunadarai a cikin jiki. Tare da kwanciyar hankali iri ɗaya tare da abin da acetone ke cire m tabo daga riguna, tana narke lipids a cikin abubuwan haɗin jikin mutum, gaba ɗaya baya da sha'awar ra'ayi a kan wannan batun, kuma yana da ikon yin matsaloli daban-daban.
A cikin al'ada, lafiyar jiki, kasancewar acetone a cikin jini ana iya bayyana shi da ajalin: kasancewar halayen abubuwan, don jini shi ne 1-2 mg / 100 ml, don fitsari - ba fiye da 0.01-0.03 g a cikin yawan yau da kullun. A takaice, wannan abin ba ya dadewa a cikin koda ko dai a cikin abun da ya shafi jini ko fitsari, yana motsawa ko dai tare da shi, ko kuma gumi, ko tare da iska ta cire.
Koyaya, a wasu yanayi, ba muna magana ne game da wani sinadari a cikin jiki ba, amma game da sakamako mai guba a kansa, saboda duka matakan sa cikin jini da abubuwan da ke cikin fitsari suna ƙaruwa sosai (yana haifar da abin da ya faru na ketonemia da ketonuria).
Sanadin da alamun cutar
Ketonuria, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci kuma mara lahani ga jiki, na iya zama sakamakon dalilan halitta:
- jaraba mai yawa ga kayan madara mai gurɓata, abinci tare da yalwar wahala don rushe sunadarai da mai, amma tare da rashin carbohydrates;
- shan giya.
Tun da jikin ketone a cikin jini (a gaban acetone, acetoacetic da ꞵ-hydroxybutyric acid) sun bayyana a sakamakon ayyukan da ke faruwa a cikin hanta (glycogen fashewa), tarawarsu cikin jini da wuce haddi a cikin fitsari na iya zama sanadin lalacewarsa.
Sauran dalilai (a cikin hanyar ƙara yawan buƙatar glycogen) sun haɗa da duk zaɓuɓɓuka don azumi ko yanayin da ya shafi:
- yunwar saboda ƙarancin abinci mai kyau (ko mai ɗorewa), ko yunwar son rai, ko wani ɓangare na tsarin abinci mai gina jiki (a tsakanin athletesan wasa, masu motsa jiki, masu bin kowace hanya ta ruhaniya);
- yunwar saboda wani aikin oncological (ciwon daji na ciki), a cikin hanyar wata cuta mai saurin kamuwa da cuta;
- gajiya saboda tsananin ƙwaƙwalwar jiki, rashin lafiyar jiki;
- asarar abinci mai gina jiki idan akwai wani batun take hakkin tsarin sha a cikin hanji, haka kuma zai iya tayar da jijiyar ciki tare da kasalar kwayar sa ko kuma ciwan kansa;
- saboda yawan amai da na yau da kullun (amai da gudawa a cikin wata mace mai ciki da cutar ta ƙut da ƙwarjamau a lokacin tsananin guba), dysentery.
Cases na anemia da ciwon sukari mellitus sun fada cikin rukuni guda. A farkon lamari, babu isassun ƙwayoyin masu ɗaukar motsi na kyallen abubuwan gina jiki, a karo na biyu - matakin rashin daidaituwa na glucose yana buƙatar haɗuwa da shi daga ɗakin glycogen a cikin hanta.
Wani lamari na ketonuria na iya zama alama:
- mummunar guba (gubar, phosphoric, maye atropine);
- zazzabi mai zafi;
- lokacin rayuwa bayan tiyata (musamman bayan maganin rashin lafiyar chloroform).
Halin ketonuria saboda yawan ƙwayar carbohydrates da ƙimar yawan amfani da su yana bayyana tare da thyrotoxicosis da yanayi tare da karuwar excitability da haushi na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya:
- bashin cututtukan fata na subarachnoid;
- ciwon kai;
- jihar precomatous.
Abunda ke faruwa na kamuwa da cuta kamar su zazzabi, zazzabin cizon sauro ko kasancewar wasu masu tsananin cutar (tarin fuka, meningitis) suma suna haifar da acetonuria, amma bawai matsalar shawo kan cutar bane a wadannan halayen.
Ketonuria a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman - kasancewarsa yana nuna yanayin cutar ko yanayin kusan yanayi mai rikicewa (rikicin acetone ko ƙwayar hyperglycemic).
Tare da duk wannan, kasancewar acetonuria ta ware (ba tare da glucosuria mai haɗuwa ba - asarar glucose a cikin fitsari) yana ba ku damar ware mai ciwon sukari lafiya daga cikin jerin abubuwan da suka haifar da shi.
Ofayan abin da ke haifar da ketonuria shine kasancewar duk wanda aka samu da kuma haihuwar hyperinsulinism (ko cutar hawan jini) - yanayin da yawan wucewar insulin a cikin jini tare da faɗuwa a cikin glucose ba ya haifar da ciwon sukari mellitus.
Bayyanar cutar ketonuria sun haɗa da ƙamshin acetone a cikin sirrin ɗan adam.
Zai iya kasancewa:
- iska mai iska;
- fitsari
- yi amai
Alamar rikice-rikice a cikin manya sune rashin hankali, tabin hankali, rashin tunani.
A cikin yara, wannan shine:
- ƙi ba kawai daga abinci ba, har ma daga ruwa (saboda tashin zuciya na kullum);
- alamun rashin ruwa (ciwon kai, kasala, rauni a bushe fata da harshe);
- da excitability na psyche, maye gurbinsu da zalunta;
- bayyanar spastic a cikin ciki (mafi yawa a cikin lardin yankin);
- tashin zuciya
- vomiting tare da kowane abin sha da abinci;
- tashiwar zazzabi a jikin wata fuskar fatar jiki tare da kumburin mara lafiya a fuska;
- wajibcin numfashin acetone, fitsari da kuma fashewar abubuwa.
A cikin mata masu juna biyu, bayyanar da haɓakar wannan alamar (tare da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki da isasshen aikin jiki) yana nuna:
- ci gaban toxicosis;
- kamuwa da cuta na jiki;
- wahalar narkewa;
- ciwon suga mai ciki.
Bidiyo kan cutar sankarar mahaifa:
Sakamakon cutarwa mai guba kan tayin, ketonemia da ketonuria suna buƙatar yin la'akari da hankali da kuma matakan da suka dace don gudanarwa da kulawa da haƙuri (kuma da farko, maido da ma'aunin ruwa).
Sakamakon ƙarancin glycogen da ke cikin hanta na yaro, ɓacin ransu ya faru da sauri, yana haifar da abubuwan da ke fama da matsananciyar yunwa tare da buƙatar rushe sauran ƙashin jikin.
Rashin isashshen iskar shaye shaye suna haifar da acetonemia tare da faruwar ƙwayar acetonemic tare da ƙanshin ƙanshin abu wanda yake fitowa daga vomit.
Baya ga rikicewar ƙwayar cuta da mai ƙanshi (lokacin da abinci ya wuce kima), bayyanar sa na iya zama sanadin tashin hankalin rashin lafiyar yarinyar, wanda zai iya juyawa cikin halin rashin lafiyar acetone.
Alamomin da suka gabata sune:
- nutsuwa
- bari;
- zafi (tashi cikin zazzabi);
- colic a cikin ciki.
Tsarin tsufa na acetonemic tare da acetonuria yana buƙatar togiya:
- ciwon sukari mellitus;
- kamuwa da cuta na hanji;
- ciwan kwakwalwa;
- ilimin halittar hanta.
Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙuruciya na yara sune:
- Ingantaccen ciwan kansa;
- kasancewar abinci a adadi mai yawa, abubuwan fenti, kayan ƙanshi na asalin sunadarai, haka kuma maganin rigakafi da aka ɗauka tare da ko ba tare da;
- babban hankali da damuwa ta jiki;
- helminthic infestations, diathesis (ragewan matakin kariya na halitta);
- rayuwa mai damuwa da damuwa, hauhawar jini, hauhawar jini.
Tushen ketonuria na jarirai sababi ne ko kuma kasancewar ta mai tsauri, canjin ƙirar asali - leucinosis, wanda ke faruwa a cikin ɗayan yara dubu 30 kuma (saboda mummunan rikicewar tsarin juyayi na tsakiya) yawanci yana ƙare da mutuwa.
Za'a iya sauƙaƙe binciken cututtukan ketonuria ta hanyar yin amfani da hanyar bincike mai sauri - ɓacin murfin lokacin amfani da tsinkewar gwaji (koyaushe uku a jere) da samfurin tare da maganin ammoniya - lokacin da aka haɗu da fitsari wanda ke ɗauke da jikin ketone, launinta zai canza launin ja.
Bidiyo daga Dr. Komarovsky:
Hanyoyin jiyya
Saboda bambance-bambancen cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka saboda acetonuria, ya kamata a jagorantar mai haƙuri zuwa ga wanda ƙwararren likita zai tuntuɓi.
A gaban kullun ƙishirwa da yunwa, saurin fitar urination, wuce gona da iri, rashin tunani, tare da alamun rashin ruwa, ya zama dole a nemi masanin ilimin endocrinologist, kasancewar zazzabi da alamun kamuwa da cuta yana buƙatar hankalin ƙwararren masanin cutar.
Abin sha mai giya wanda acetonuria shine dalili don tuntuɓar masanin ƙwayar cuta, yayin da tiyata na baya tare da maganin sa maye shine alhakin mai rayarwa. Alamar hyperinsulinism ko thyrotoxicosis suna aiki azaman tushen bincike game da endocrinologist.
Ana buƙatar mata masu juna biyu su ziyarci likitan mata na mahaifa, uwaye tare da yara marasa lafiya - likitan yara. Raunin kai tare da rikicewar ƙwayar cuta ko alamomin guba sune hanya zuwa ofishin ƙwararren masanin cututtukan mahaifa ko toxicologist, idan kuna zargin cutar ta rashin lafiya, yakamata ku tuntuɓi likitan ilimin dabbobi, kuma idan ba a san asibitin ba, nemi likita.
Dogaro da bayyanar cututtuka, likitan da ke gudanar da jarrabawar zai ba da umarnin gwaji da gwajin kayan aiki. Alityididdigar yawan bayanan da aka samu zai zama tushen dalilin nadin cikakken isasshen magani.
Matsakaicin hanyoyin magani na iya haɗawa da gyaran barci, hutawa da abinci mai gina jiki, kazalika da hadaddun ƙwaƙwalwar wucin gadi a cikin yanayin cutar oncological na yanayin. A cikin halittar masu ciwon sukari na acetonuria, an tsara maganin ta hanyar endocrinologist, la'akari da kasancewar abubuwan haɗin gwiwa (hanta, hanji na ciki, da sauransu). Mai haƙuri yakamata ya bayyana a kai a kai don nazarin kulawa don tantance tasirin magani.
Babban matakin ketonuria alama ce ta asibiti.
Don haɓaka ruwan, yana da amfani a yi amfani da maganin Orsol ko Regidron, ko kayan ƙanshi na 'ya'yan itace, sauran fruitsa driedan itace, ruwan alkaline ba tare da iskar gas ba.
Idan ba zai yiwu a sha ba saboda amai, ana gudanar da ruwan cikin parenterally (danshi cikin ruwa), allurar Cerucal tana bada damar cire vomiting.
Manufar cire gubobi ana iya cim ma ta amfani da sihiri (Sorbeks, carbon mai kunnawa), saita enema mai tsafta (tare da hauhawar jini, ƙara 1 tbsp. Gishirin kowace lita na ruwa).
Abincin mai haɓaka shine ƙwararren masanin abinci.
An ci naman (turkey, zomo, naman sa) stewed ko Boiled. A zaman farko, muna bayar da shawarar borsch, miyan kayan lambu, kayan kwalliya, da kifi mai ƙoshin mai.
A matsayin hanyar rehydration da kuma sake maye gurbin abubuwan da aka gano da bitamin, ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari, ana ba da compotes (zai fi dacewa da Quince compote).
An hana shi sosai don amfani:
- Sweets;
- mai ƙima (har ma da nau'in gari);
- kayan yaji;
- 'Ya'yan itacen citrus;
- ayaba.
Dole ne a tuna cewa yakamata a rarrabe tsakanin abubuwan da ke haifar da acetonuria - cikin matsananciyar yunwar shine kawai tushen samar da kuzari ga kwakwalwa da dukkan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin tsoka.
