Atherosclerosis shine jagora a cikin lalacewar tsarin wurare dabam dabam. Hanyar yadawa yana da ban mamaki, cutar da kanta tsawon ƙarni tana ɗaukar matsayi na farko a cikin abubuwan etiological na mutuwa daga cututtukan zuciya.
Rayuwa ta yaudare, rashin motsa jiki, lalata tasoshin jini, kalori mai yawa da abinci mai narkewa sune manyan abubuwanda ke haifar da plaque. Yadda za a hana wannan yanayin, yadda za a bi da shi kuma ku zauna tare da shi na dogon lokaci?
Menene kuma me yasa yake tashi?
Atherosclerosis wata cuta ce wacce babban alama ita ce ajiya mai ƙona kitse a cikin tsoka da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayoyin manyan jijiyoyi.
Sakamakon wannan tara zai zama duka raguwa a cikin jijiyoyin ƙwayar jijiya da taƙarƙasa, da kuma narkar da ƙwayar lumen, sanadiyyar lalacewa cikin kwararar jini da hauhawar nama.
Akwai dabarun zamani guda biyu game da abubuwan da ke haifar da abubuwanda zasu haifar da canje-canje na atherosclerotic, wanda, duk da tarihin tarihin sama da shekaru dari, ba a yi binciken ba.
Ofayansu yana nuna asalin lalacewar tarihin ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta, sinadarai, wakili na zahiri tare da canjin da ya biyo baya zuwa yawan ƙwayar cuta.
Na biyu ya bayyana kasancewar masu karɓar masu karɓa a kan ƙwayoyin endothelial, kuma idan mutum yana da tarin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, to, yiwuwar rashin lafiya yana ƙaruwa.
Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, an kirkiro abubuwan haɗari - halayen mutanen da ke rayuwa waɗanda ke ƙididdiga na haɓaka damar cutar haɓaka.
Wadannan sun hada da:
- Mafi yawan abinci mai kiba da mai da yawa daga carbohydrates a cikin abincin. Wadannan abubuwan suna da muhimmanci ga jiki yayi aiki yadda yakamata, amma idan aka cinye shi da yawa, mahadi basu da lokacin juya su zama makamashi da kuma metabolites, tara da fadawa cikin wani wurin shakatawa da ke gudana kyauta. Kari akan haka, yawan shigowar lipids na gasa yana hana aikin hada shi abu mai guba, wanda hakan ke haifar da girman sikelin.
- Shekaru da jinsi. Dangane da bincike, maza da suka girmi shekaru arba'in sun fi shafa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin mata kafin menopause, an samar da estrogen hormone, wanda ke da ƙirar anti-sclerosing. Har ila yau tsufa yana shafar ayyukan reserve na antioxidant da sassauƙawar jirgin ruwa, saboda tsufa mutum ya kasance, ƙarancin ƙwayoyin collagen da yake da shi.
- Ciwon sukari mellitus. A matsayin abin haɓaka da ke tattare da metabolism na metabolism, ciwon sukari ba zai iya shafar metabolism na kitse ba, wanda "ƙone" daga harshen wuta na saccharides. Jirgin ruwan motsa jiki na magudanar ruwa yana kwarara saboda raguwa a cikin adadin abin da ya faru na kusan dukkanin mahimman halayen da ke hade da zagayen kuzari. Saboda wannan, abubuwa da yawa marasa tsari da samfuran matsakaici suna shiga cikin jini. Daga cikinsu akwai trans fats da mummunan cholesterol.
- Rashin aiki na jiki da damuwa. Rayuwa ta kazamar rayuwa, tare da damuwar tunanin kowace rana, zuciya ba zata iya lura da ita ba. Abubuwan da ke cikin zuciya daga cibiyar vasomotor sun lalace, ofarfin maƙarƙashiyar rauni na raunana ƙarfi da ƙwayoyin tsoka a cikin mahaifa. Bayan Layer ya zama sako-sako, ba lallai ba ne a jira exudation na dogon lokaci.
Da farko, ba za a iya ganin canje-canje a cikin tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ba, ba tare da microscope ba. Amma tare da nazarin tarihin, ƙwayar endothelium, karuwa a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyinsu, an nuna su. Sannan fats da cholesterol, saboda rashin daidaituwa na yawan ƙarfi da ƙarancin lipoproteins, sai su ruga cikin tantanin kuma su cika shi, inflating.
Yanzu tsarin kumburi mai kumburi ne wanda baya iya isar da amsa ga umarni daga sama. Lokacin da wani yanki ya cika da ƙwayar cholesterol, rawaya mai launin rawaya ko tsinkaye - an fara aikin lipid.
Daga wannan lokacin, likitoci sunyi magana game da kirkirar embolus na atherosclerotic.
Wadanne nau'ikan filaye suke?
Yanzu ci gaban tsarin ilimin cuta na iya tafiya daban. Fatalwa, tara tara, samar da tsari-da-Layer tsarin hatimi da toshe hanya.
Sau da yawa, fibrin da platelet suna tarawa game da cutar, wanda ke rage ƙwarewar bututun halitta don ɗaukar abin da ke ciki.
Jiki atherosclerotic mai taushi. Yana da ikon rikitarwa na atheromatous - rabuwa ko rauni.
Zaɓin na biyu na haɓaka shine calcination, shine, lokacin da abun ciki na ciki mai narkewa ya cika tare da ƙwallan alli.
Jigilar mahaifa atherosclerotic ta rasa dukkan karfin yin kwangila, ta zama mai rauni kuma zata fashe.
Wani bango mai kumburi kusan gaba daya yana toshe hanyar jigilar jini.
Wurin yana da nauyi da girma, yana da wuyar magani. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan plates na atherosclerotic a kan duban dan tayi ana gano su cikin sauƙi.
Ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali, juriya hawaye:
- Stabilityarancin kwanciyar hankali. Wannan nau'in yana nuna yanayin halittar mutum mai kama da muhalli, saboda haka ba shi da bambanci ta hanyar duban dan tayi, wanda ke rikitar da gwajin kayan aiki. Kasancewar harsashi mai kauri da kuma mai kama da juna, mai cike da ruwa mai ruwa, kumfa ya sami damar fashewa da hauhawar hauhawar jini, wanda zai kai ga zubar jini, a cikin aorta - zuwa wani sabon sakandare da kuma yanayin tashin hankali.
- Matsakaici na matsakaici. Gas a cikin kauri daga abin da aka maida hankali akai bai faru ba, amma yana da wadatar fibiran kuma cike yake da faranti. Wannan nau'in na iya haifar da cututtukan huhun ciki, ƙwayar ciki tare da toshewar arteriamesenterica, da sauran rikitarwa masu haɗari. Haka kuma, saboda ingantaccen tsarinsa, yana ba da kansa magani kuma ana gano shi kawai.
- Babban kwanciyar hankali. Babban abu na wannan samuwar ya taurare ne sakamakon lu'ulu'un Ca2 +. Ta kusan bashi amsa ga saurin hawan jini, baya aiki. Ana birgima shi a asibiti, duk da cewa ya mallaki babban ɓangaren jirgin ruwa, yana yin wahalar gudanar da cikakken ƙimar girman girmansa ta hanyar duban dan tayi.
An bambanta nau'ikan nau'i biyu ta tsari. Nau'in Homogeneous (mai kama da juna). Wannan yana nufin cewa abun da ke ciki abu guda ne, ba ya dauke da inclusions kuma ba a ratsa shi da kayan capillaries ba, bangon ba ya ɗaukar shi. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan matasa ne, har ma da sifofin da suke da sauƙin sauƙin warkarwa tare da ingantaccen bincike.
Rashin aikin cuta (mara karfi). Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta atherosclerotic shine abinda ke haifar da rikice rikice a cikin wannan ilimin.
Zai yi wuya a cire, yakan sauya zuwa bijiro da kumburi, kuma yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri saboda ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwa mai kyau wanda ke tsiro ta.
Bayyanar cututtuka da sakamakon ci gaban ilimin cututtukan fata
Da farko, mara lafiya yakamata ya saurari lafiyayyen kansa, game da abubuwan jin daxin rayuwa, kuma akan wadannan bayanan, sai a nemi masanin kwararru don warware matsalar sa.
An yi nazarin yawancin bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerosis, kuma kowannensu yana da alamomin kansa, jerin magungunan pharmacopeia sun bambanta.
Ainihin fassarar ilimin ilimi za'a iya gano shi kawai bayan gwajin duban dan tayi.
Idan aka tantance tsarin halittar da aka kira a cikin aorta, to karfinsa na rama yana raguwa sosai, kuma karfin jini ya hauhawa, musamman yanayin jini. Irin waɗannan marasa lafiya suna korafi game da ciwon kai, tinnitus, "kwari" a gaban idanun, gajeriyar numfashi azaman bayyanar gazawar zuciya. Sakamakon mai yiwuwa na iya zama sanadin zagayarwar jini na jijiyoyin ciki, lalacewar gabobin ciki, da kodan.
Wani nau'in cerebral na haɓakar tashin hankali na rikice-rikice na tasoshin tafkin na carotid da artebral arteries, yayin da haɓaka matsin lamba na intracranial, mai haƙuri ba shi da lafiya, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta damu, barci, daidaituwa. Sakamakon mai haɗari shine bugun jini na ischemic. Hakanan, salts na kalis na iya haushi sinadarin carotid sinus wanda ya karɓa ta hanyar karɓa, wanda hakan zai haifar da hauhawar jini da raguwar ragi masu yawa.
Haɓakar ƙwayar cuta a cikin zuciya mutum yana jin shi kamar yana ƙone zafin ciki tare da shuɗi zuwa ƙafar hagu, raunin kafada, da muƙamuƙi. Irin waɗannan bayyanarwa suna da halayyar rashin nasara, rarrabewar dama da hagu na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki waɗanda ke ciyar da zuciya, gami da ɓarnar ɓarna mai ɓoye.
Idan wannan yanayin ana bi da shi kawai a cikin kwaɗayi, infarction myocardial mai yiwuwa ne, wanda ke haifar da raguwa cikin aikin sassan sassan zuciyar bayan cutar ƙwallon ƙafa.
Jiyya da rigakafin cutar sankara
Duk wani magani don atherosclerosis na tasoshin yana farawa da ƙwararren ƙwayar cuta. Game da takamaiman cuta, duban duban dan tayi, likitan ido, watakila MRI da angiography CT an wajabta. Hakanan ana yin nazarin kwayoyin halittun fitsari da jini akan bayanan LDL da HDL. Lokacin da aka kafa madaidaicin wurin matsalar, ana iya ɗauka azaman tasirin likita.
Matsayi na zinari a cikin lura da atherosclerosis shine statins - kwayoyi waɗanda a matakai daban-daban ke jinkirta yawan ƙwayar cholesterol, rushe shi, da haɓaka haɓaka. Daga cikin su, Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin da sauransu.
A hade tare da su, an tsara magunguna waɗanda ke hana shan kwafin cholesterol saboda abubuwan da yake ɗaukar ciki - Cholestyramine, Enterosgel, Colestipol. Don rage yiwuwar ƙwayar jijiyoyin bugun jini, ana nuna bitamin (C, rutin, A, E), maganin antioxidants, da angioprotector. A cikin matakai na gaba, ana amfani da cirewar fibrosis na wani yanki, gabatarwar balan-balan na musamman don fadada lumen.
Matakan rigakafi sun haɗa da tsayayyen abinci, aikin jiki zuwa ga mafi kyawun ikonsu, amfani da kayan ado na ganye na kwatangwalo, watsi da halaye mara kyau, yawan amfani da ganye mai yawa, kayan lambu.
Yadda aka bayyana tsari na cholesterol a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
