Ciwon sukari yana shafar lafiyar hanta. Wannan jikin yana samarwa da kuma adana glucose, yana aiki a matsayin wani tafki na sukari, wanda shine mai don jikin mutum, yana tsayar da matsayin da yakamata na glucose a cikin jini.
Glucose da hanta
Saboda bukatun jiki, ajiya ko sakin sukari an ruwaito shi ta hanyar glucagon da insulin. Lokacin cin abinci, mai zuwa yana faruwa: an adana hanta a cikin glucose a cikin nau'in glycogen, wanda za'a cinye shi daga baya, lokacin da ya cancanta.
Degreeara yawan insulinda kuma matakan digiri na glucagon yayin cin abinci suna taimakawa wajen juyar da glucose zuwa glycogen.
Jikin kowane mutum yana samar da glucose, idan ya cancanta. Saboda haka, lokacin da mutum bai ci abinci ba (da dare, tazara tsakanin karin kumallo da abincin rana), to, jikinsa zai fara aiki da glucose ɗin. Glycogen ya zama glucose a sakamakon glycogenolysis.
Saboda haka, rage cin abinci yana da matukar muhimmanci ga masu ciwon sukari, ko kuma mutanen da ke ɗauke da sukari da hawan jini.
Jiki kuma yana da wata hanyar samarda glucose daga mai, amino acid, da samfuran sharar gida. Ana kiran wannan aikin gluconeogenesis.
Me zai faru da rashi:
- Lokacin da jiki ya gaza a cikin glycogen, yana ƙoƙari tare da duk ƙarfinsa don kiyaye ci gaba da samar da glucose ga waɗannan gabobin waɗanda suke buƙatar sa da farko - kodan, kwakwalwa, sel.
- Baya ga samar da glucose, hanta tana samar da madadin babban man da ke jikin gabobi - ketones da aka samo daga kitse.
- Tabbataccen abu don farawa na ketogenesis shine rage yawan abubuwan insulin.
- Babban mahimmancin ketogenosis shine adana ɗakunan ajiya na glucose ga waɗannan gabobin waɗanda suke buƙatar shi sosai.
- Samuwar ketones da yawa ba irin wannan matsala ce ta yau da kullun ba, duk da haka lamari ne mai haɗari, saboda haka, ana iya buƙatar likita na gaggawa.
Mahimmanci! Sau da yawa, babban sukari jini da safe tare da ciwon sukari shine sakamakon karuwar gluconeogenesis da dare.
Mutanen da basu saba da wata cuta ba kamar su ciwon suga yakamata su sani cewa tara kitse a cikin hanta yana ƙara samun damar kamuwa da wannan cutar.
Haka kuma, yawan kitse a wasu sassan jikin mutum ba shi da mahimmanci.
Fatalwar hepatosis. Bayan gudanar da karatu da yawa, sai aka juya ga mai hepatosis mai hatsari ne ga masu ciwon suga.
Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa marasa lafiya da ke fama da hepatosis suna cikin haɗari sosai don ci gaban ciwon sukari na 2 mai shekaru biyar.
Binciken cutar sankarar hepatosis yana buƙatar mutum yayi hankali game da lafiyarsu don kar su kamu da ciwon sukari. Wannan yana nuna cewa za a yi amfani da abinci, da kuma cikakkiyar magani na hanta don kowane matsala tare da wannan sashin.
Bincika mai hepatosis mai amfani da duban dan tayi. Irin wannan binciken na iya hango ko hasashen samuwar ciwon sukari duk da kasancewar insulin a cikin jini.
Kula! Ko da tare da abu guda na insulin a cikin jini, mutanen da ke da hepatosis mai haɗari suna da haɗari na biyu na ciwon sukari fiye da waɗanda ba su da masaniya da wannan cutar (lalacewar hanta).
An gano cutar hepatosis mai yawa a cikin 1/3 na mazaunan Amurka. Wasu lokuta ba a bayyana alamun wannan cuta ba, amma yana faruwa cewa cutar na iya haifar da gazawar hanta kuma lalacewar hanta zai yiwu.
Mutane da yawa suna danganta ƙarancin hepatosis da cutar hanta, amma wannan cutar na iya samun wasu dalilai da alamu.
Mahimmanci! Kiba a cikin hanta yana da tasiri ga juriya na insulin.
Isticsididdiga
A cikin wani binciken da aka buga a mujallar Metabolism da Clinical Endocrinology, masana kimiyya sun gudanar da wani bincike da ke nazarin yadda mai hepatosis mai kitse ya shafi ci gaban ciwon sukari.
Wannan aikin ya hada mazaunan Koriya ta kudu 11,091. A farkon (2003) na binciken kuma bayan shekaru biyar a cikin mutane, an auna taro insulin da aikin hanta.
- A matakin farko na binciken, an gano hepatosis mai a cikin 27% na Koreans.
- A lokaci guda, an lura da kiba a cikin 60% na gwajin, idan aka kwatanta da 19% ba tare da lalata hanta ba.
- A cikin 50% na mutanen da ke fama da hanta mai yawa, an yi rikodin kololuwar insulin a cikin komai a ciki (alama ce ta jure insulin), idan aka kwatanta da 17% ba tare da hepatosis mai ƙiba ba.
- Sakamakon haka, kawai 1% na mutanen Koriya waɗanda ba su da mai hepatosis masu haɓaka sun kamu da ciwon sukari na mellitus (nau'in 2), idan aka kwatanta da 4% fama da lalata hanta.
Bayan daidaita alamomin juriya na insulin a matakin farko na binciken, yuwuwar kamuwa da cutar sukari har yanzu tana da girma fiye da ta hepatosis mai.
Misali, a tsakanin mutanen da ke da babban matakan insulin, hadarin kamuwa da cutar ya ninka har sau biyu a farkon binciken don kiba mai yawa.
Haka kuma, a matakin farko na binciken, mutane masu dauke da cutar hepatosis sun kasance masu saurin kamuwa da ciwan karancin insulin (tsawan matakan cholesterol da glucose).
Don haka, hepatosis mai kitse yana kara yiwuwar kamuwa da ciwon sukari. Game da wannan, mutanen da ke fama da hanta suna buƙatar abinci na musamman, wanda ya kamata ya guje wa amfani da sukari, sarrafa glucose jini da iyakance yawan abinci da abinci mai yawa a cikin carbohydrates mai sauƙi.
Kula! Ga waɗanda suka yi kiba, irin wannan abincin zai sa ya kasance da jituwa sosai, duk da cewa abincin ya ginu ne sosai ba asarar nauyi ba kamar yadda ake jiyya da hana haɓakar hepatosis.
Hakanan, abinci na musamman ya ƙunshi ƙin shan giya. Wannan ya zama dole don cikakken aikin hanta, wanda ke aiwatar da ayyuka daban-daban fiye da 500.
Cirrhosis
A cikin gwajin glucose na baka, mutanen da ke fama da cutar cirrhosis galibi suna da hyperglycemia. Har yanzu dai ba a iya fahimtar abubuwan da ke haifar da cirrhosis ba.
- A matsayinka na mai mulki, tare da cirrhosis, juriya da kyallen takarda zuwa insulin yana tasowa kuma raguwar insulin ya ragu.
- Matsayin hankalin adipocytes zuwa insulin kuma yana raguwa.
- Idan aka kwatanta da nau'in sarrafawa, cirrhosis yana rage yawan insulin a yayin farkon lokacin ta hanyar gabobin.
- Ainihi, haɓakar juriya a cikin insulin shine daidaita shi ta hanyar ƙara yawan ƙwayar kansa ta hanji.
- A sakamakon haka, akwai haɓakar insulin da keɓaɓɓe da daidaituwa na matsayin glucose a cikin jini da safe da ɗan raguwar haƙuri haƙuri.
Wani lokaci, bayan farawar glucose, asirin insulin ya ragu. Wannan yana tabbatar da dakatar da C-peptide. Saboda wannan, ana rage saurin motsa jiki a hankali.
Matsayin glucose a cikin komai a ciki ya zama al'ada. Tare da bayyanawar hypoecretion na insulin, sukari daga hanta ya shiga cikin jini saboda rashi sakamakon inhibitory na insulin akan tsarin samuwar glucose.
Sakamakon irin wannan canjin kuwa shine hauhawar jini a kan komai a ciki da kuma tsananin tsananin hyperglycemia bayan ciwan glucose. Wannan shine yadda ciwon sukari mellitus yayi tsari, kuma a cikin magani wannan ya kamata a la'akari.
Za'a iya bambanta raguwar haƙuri a cikin cirrhosis tare da ainihin ciwon sukari, saboda matakin glucose a cikin mutumin da bai ci abinci ba, amma ya kasance al'ada. A wannan halin, ba a bayyana alamun asibiti na ciwon sukari ba.
Abu ne mai sauki a gano cutar cirrhosis a cikin ciwon suga. Bayan duk wannan, tare da rashi insulin, alamu kamar:
- ascites;
- gizo-gizo gizo-gizo;
- hepatosplenomegaly;
- jaundice.
Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya bincika cirrhosis ta amfani da biopsy na hanta.
Jiyya don cirrhosis ya ƙunshi amfani da samfuran carbohydrate, kuma a nan abinci ya zo da farko. Maimakon haka, an wajabta mai haƙuri da abinci na musamman, musamman, ya wajaba don encephalopathy, magani a nan yana da alaƙa da abinci mai gina jiki.
Manuniya hanta
Tare da rama ciwon sukari mellitus, duk wani canje-canje a cikin abubuwan aikin hanta ba a lura dasu. Kuma koda an gano su, alamomin su da abubuwan da suke haifar basu da alaƙa da ciwon sukari.
Tare da keta tasirin metabolism, alamun hyperglobulinemia da alamu dake nuna karuwar bilirubin a cikin jijiyoyin na iya faruwa.
Don raunin ciwon sukari, irin waɗannan alamun ba halayyar mutum ba ce. A cikin 80% na masu ciwon sukari, ana lura da lalacewar hanta saboda kibarsa. Don haka, wasu canje-canje a cikin serum an bayyana su: GGTP, transaminases da alkaline phosphatase.
Increasearin haɓaka a hanta saboda yawan glycogen a cikin nau'in 1 na sukari ko canje-canje idan cutar ta kasance nau'in na biyu ba ta da alaƙa tare da nazarin aikin hanta.
Abinci mai sauƙi na warkewa a nan zai taka rawar rigakafin, yayin da lura a cikin hadaddun yana maraba da kasancewar abinci mai warkewa.
Dangantakar cututtukan cututtukan hanji da hanta tare da cutar sankara
A cikin ciwon sukari, cirrhosis yana tasowa lokaci-lokaci. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana fara gano cirrhosis kuma bayan haka an gano karancin insulin, kuma ana haɓaka magani.
Ciwon sukari kuma na iya zama wata alama ta hemochromatosis. Hakanan yana da alaƙa da hepatitis autoimmune hepatitis kuma tare da maganin antigens na babban hadaddun tsarin DR3, HLA-D8.
Ko da tare da nau'in insulin-mai cin gashin kansa na ciwon sukari, gallstones na iya ƙirƙirar. Wataƙila, wannan bai shafi ciwon sukari ba, amma ga canji a cikin yanayin ƙwayar cuta saboda kiba. Abincin warkewa, a matsayin magani, a wannan yanayin na iya hana samuwar sabbin duwatsu.
Hakanan za'a iya danganta shi da alamun raguwar aikin kwangilar a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
Yin aikin tiyatar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin masu ciwon sukari ba mai haɗari ba ne, amma tiyata na biliary fili yakan haifar da kamuwa da cuta da mutuwa.
Kuma jiyya tare da sulfonylurea na iya haifar da granulomatous ko cholestatic raunuka na hanta.
