Ruwan jini 35, menene ma'anar, marasa lafiya suna sha'awar? Irin wannan taro na glucose a jikin mai cutar sankara yana nuna mummunan matakin sukari, sakamakon abin da ke gudana a cikin dukkanin abubuwan ciki da tsarin.
Gabanin tushen waɗannan alamun, glucose na iya yin haɓaka koyaushe kuma ya kasance sama da raka'a 40, wanda ke nufin babban yiwuwar samun rikice rikicewar cututtukan m. Bugu da kari, haɗarin ci gaban cututtukan fata yana ƙaruwa.
Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce mai kamuwa da cuta, "insidiousness" wanda shine yuwuwar ci gaban rikice-rikice da yawa - rashiwar gani har zuwa makanta, gazawar yara, ƙarancin ƙananan ƙarshen, da sauransu.
Wajibi ne a lura da abin da ake nufi lokacin da sukari ya tashi sama da raka'a 46, kuma waɗanne rikice-rikice na iya haɓaka?
M rikitarwa na babban sukari
Kalmomin hyperglycemic jihar yana nufin karuwa da sukari a cikin jikin mutum sama da iyakokin da aka yarda da su. Ana ɗaukar yawan sukari daga raka'a 3.3 zuwa 5.5 a matsayin alamu na al'ada.
Idan sukari a cikin jikin mutum akan komai a ciki ya fi raka'a 6.0, amma ƙasa da 7.0 mmol / l, to suna magana game da yanayin cutar sankara. Wato, wannan ilimin ba shi da ciwon sukari ba tukuna, amma idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba, da yiwuwar ci gabanta yana da girma sosai.
Tare da ƙimar sukari sama da raka'a 7.0 akan komai a ciki, an ce ciwon sukari ya kasance. Kuma don tabbatar da bayyanar cutar, ana gudanar da ƙarin nazarin - gwaji don haɓakar glucose, haemoglobin glycated (bincike yana nuna abubuwan sukari a cikin kwana 90).
Idan sukari ya haɗu sama da raka'a 30-35, wannan yanayin hyperglycemic state yana barazanar mummunan rikice-rikice wanda zai iya haɓakawa a cikin fewan kwanaki ko couplean awanni biyu.
Mafi yawan rikitattun cututtukan cututtukan mellitus:
- Ketoacidosis yana da alaƙa da tarawa a jikin samfuran abubuwan rayuwa - jikin ketone. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an lura da shi a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1, yana iya haifar da rikicewar rikice-rikice a cikin ayyukan gabobin ciki.
- Cutar hyperosmolar tana haɓaka lokacin da sukari ya tashi a cikin jiki zuwa manyan matakai, tare da ƙara yawan sodium. Yana faruwa akan tushen rashin ruwa. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana gano shi a cikin masu ciwon sukari na 2 wadanda suka fi shekaru 55 girma.
- Lactacidic coma na faruwa ne sakamakon tarin lactic acid a cikin jiki, wanda halin mahaukaci ne, sanyin numfashi, an gano raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin karfin jini.
A mafi yawan hotunan asibiti, waɗannan rikice-rikice sun haɓaka cikin sauri, a cikin kimanin 'yan awanni biyu. Koyaya, cutar rashin lafiyar na iya nuna cigabanta kwanaki da dama ko sati kafin farkon mahimmin yanayi.
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan yanayin lokaci ne don neman taimako na ƙwararrun likita, ana buƙatar asibiti mai gaggawa a haƙuri.
Yin watsi da halin da ake ciki na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa na iya tsadar rayuwar mai haƙuri.
Ketoacidosis a cikin masu ciwon sukari
Ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari cuta ce mai matsananciyar wahala ta cutar sankara wacce ke haifar da rikice-rikice na gabobin ciki, coma, har ma da mutuwa.
Wannan yanayin cutar ta haɓaka lokacin da babban adadin sukari ya tattara a jikin mai haƙuri, amma jiki baya iya ɗaukar shi, tunda babu ƙarancin insulin ko kuma ba komai.
Koyaya, jiki yana buƙatar samun makamashi don yin aiki, sakamakon wanda jikin "ya ɗauki" kayan makamashi daga adon mai, lokacin fashewar abin da aka saki jikin ketone, waɗanda abubuwa ne masu guba.
Wannan rikitarwa yana tasowa a kan asalin tsananin buƙatun jikin mutum don yalwa da yawan insulin. Kuma sanadin na iya zama yanayi masu zuwa:
- Kwayar cuta ta kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ko cutar kwalara
- Take hakkin dabi'ar endocrine.
- Danniya (musamman a yara).
- Bugun jini, bugun zuciya.
- Bayan tiyata.
- Lokacin haila (ciwon sukari na mata masu juna biyu).
A kan tushen babban sukari fiye da 35 raka'a, mai haƙuri koyaushe yana son shan ruwa, bi da bi, akwai karuwa a cikin takamaiman nauyin fitsari a kowace rana. Rashin ruwa na mucous membranes da fata, an gano cutar malaise gabaɗaya.
Idan ba a kula da halin da ake ciki ba, to ana inganta hoton asibiti ta hanyar tashin zuciya, amai, wani ƙanshin daga warin bakin, numfashi ya zama mai zurfi da hayaniya.
Kulawa da ketoacidosis ya hada da manyan abubuwan guda biyar. Ana aiwatar da aikin insulin, ruwa a cikin jiki ya cika, ƙarancin potassium, sodium da sauran abubuwan ma'adinai, an cire acidosis, ana magance cututtukan concomitant.
Ana ɗaukar ma'aunin don dawo da nasara a matsayin rage sukari zuwa raka'a 11 kuma ƙasa da wannan adadi.
Hyperosmolar coma: alamu da sakamako
Yawancin ƙwayar cuta na Hyperosmolar mafi yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin masu ciwon sukari, waɗanda ke cikin rukunin mutanen da suka haura shekara 50. Mutuwar saboda wannan yanayin ilimin cuta ya kai 40-60% a tsakanin duk hotunan asibiti.
Wannan ilimin haɓakar cuta yana haɓakawa da asalin yanayin ƙwayar cuta mai ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa, kuma yana faruwa tare da matakan sukari mai girma sosai a cikin jiki, sama da raka'a 50, tare da haɗuwa da ƙwayar cutar plasma, idan babu rikitarwa na ketoacidotic.
Ba a cika fahimtar hanyoyin da rikitarwa ba. Likitocin suna ba da shawarar cewa wannan mummunan sakamako yana tasowa ne daga tushen yanayin rashin aminci, lokacin da ake yin cikas a cikin sukari a cikin hanjin kodan.
Hyperosmolar coma na iya haɓakawa a cikin 'yan kwanaki ko makonni da yawa. Da farko, mai haƙuri ya bayyana alamun a matsayin babban sha'awar sha, saurin hanzari da urination, rauni.
Bugu da kari, ana lura da alamun rashin ruwa a jiki:
- Rage gangar jikin fatar.
- Usan kumburin idanu na raguwa.
- Hawan jini ya ragu.
- Yawan zafin jiki na jiki yana raguwa.
A cikin mummunan yanayin yanayin pathological, haƙuri yana haɓaka ƙwayar cuta. Abubuwan rikice-rikice mafi yawanci sune thrombosis na jijiya mai zurfi, haka kuma lalacewar koda a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus da pancreatitis, cututtukan sankara.
Siffofin da ke tattare da lura da wannan yanayin cewa an haramta shi sosai don rage sukari mai tsafi. Babban zaɓi shine rage glucose da 5 a kowace awa. Bi da bi, osmolarity na jini kada ya rage da sauri raka'a 10 a cikin minti 60.
Idan baku bi ka'idodin likitanci ba, to kuwa hadarin kumburin huhu da kwakwalwa yana karuwa sosai.
Lactacidotic coma
Lactacidic coma wata cuta ce mai wuyar shawo kan cutar rashin lafiya a cikin masu ciwon sukari, amma tana da alaƙa da babbar mutuwar mutuwa, kuma haɗarin mutuwa shine 80%.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana lura da wannan yanayin a cikin tsofaffi masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ke da tarihin haɗuwa da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, gurguntaccen hanta da aikin koda.
Kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ta dogara da kwayar cutar glucose sosai a jikin mutum sabanin karancin hormone a cikin jini. Hoto na asibiti game da cutar yana haɓaka da sauri, ya bambanta a cikin ci gaba.
Ana ganin alamun bayyanar cututtuka a cikin marasa lafiya:
- Jin zafi a ciki.
- Hare-hare na tashin zuciya har zuwa amai.
- Janar rauni.
- Jin zafi yayin motsi.
- Rashin tausayi, shuru da rauni.
- Damuwa ko rashin bacci.
- Dandali, hallucinations (da wuya).
Idan ba a dauki matakan a cikin lokaci don dakatar da mummunan yanayin daga mai haƙuri ba, to ya fada cikin rashin lafiya. A asibiti, ana gano alamun rashin ruwa a jiki, numfashin majiyyacin ya zama mai sanyin murya da zurfi, hawan jini yana raguwa, bugun zuciya kuma ya zama sau da yawa.
Lactacidic coma na iya haɓaka ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwa da yawa:
- A kan asalin cutar ta haihuwar hyperosmolar, wacce ba a san shi da sinadarin ketosis.
- Lokacin da ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari ya faru, ana lura da lactic acidosis a cikin kusan kashi 8-1% na lokuta;
- Sakamakon karancin yaduwar jini a cikin kyallen.
- A lokacin daukar ciki da cututtukan cututtukan hanji, ko ciwon sukari na mata masu juna biyu.
- Rashin daidaituwa na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a jiki.
Kulawa da yanayin jijiyoyin cuta ya ƙunshi gyaran acid da daidaiton alkaline a cikin jiki, dawo da ruwa da ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, da kuma maganin cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa. Kazalika da daidaituwa na matsalolin kuzarin kwayar halitta ta hanyar hanyar glucose tare da adadin insulin da ake buƙata.
Don haka, zamu iya yanke shawara cewa matsanancin matakan sukari sune babban yiwuwar haɓaka rikitarwa masu yawa waɗanda zasu iya biyan rayuwar mai haƙuri.
Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin yana gabatar da abinci don sukarin jini.
