Ciwon ciki

Ana kiranta ciwon sukari wanda ke haifar da ciwon sukari wanda ya fara fitowa cikin mace yayin haihuwar yaro. Bayan daukar ciki, cutar ta tafi da kanta. Babban mahimmanci shine ƙaddarar lokacin dacewa na kasancewar cututtukan cututtukan cuta da kuma gyaran glucose a cikin jini, wanda zai iya gujewa rikice-rikice na jikin mahaifiyar da jariri.

Mellitus na ciwon sukari a lokacin daukar ciki (lambar ICD-10 - O24.4) a cikin mafi yawan lokuta suna haɓaka bayan mako na 24. Idan alamun cutar sun bayyana a farkon kwanan wata, zaku iya yin tunani game da kasancewar wani nau'in pre-gestational na Pathology na nau'in 1st (saboda shekarun matar). Wannan yana nuna cewa "cutar sanyinda" tayi kafin tayi. Informationarin bayani game da abin da ke haifar da ciwon sukari na ciki da kuma haɗarinsa a cikin labarin.

Kayan aikin ci gaba

A kallon farko, cutar ba ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, amma kowace mace ashirin masu juna biyu na fama da ita. Tsarin haɓaka ya yi kama da nau'in ciwon sukari wanda ba shi da lafiya.

Mahaifa na mace, mahaifarta da kuma adrenal cortex suna samar da adadin kwayoyin halittun steroid, wanda hakan ke rage karfin jijiyoyin sel da kashin jikin mutum zuwa insulin. Abinda ake kira jurewar insulin. Don haka, jikin mace na bukatar karin sinadarin a jiki wanda ke motsa jiki fiye da yadda ta ke iya yin aiki.

Abubuwan Lafiya na Kwayar cuta

Matan da ke da juna biyu masu ciwon suga suna fama da yanayin gado tare da waɗannan haɗarin masu zuwa:

• shekaru sama da 35;
• hali zuwa kiba;
• kasancewar wani nau'in insulin-mai zaman kansa na kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin dangi na kusa;
• kasancewar glucose a cikin fitsari;
• babban adadin ruwan ruwa na al'ada;
• babban girman tayin;
• haihuwar yara masu nauyin kilogiram 4 ko kuma kasancewar jarirai a cikin tarihi;
• tsere ko asalin ƙasa tare da babban haɗarin ci gaba da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 (tseren Negroid, Hispanics, Asians).

Kiba shine ɗayan abubuwanda ke haifar da haɓakar kamuwa da cutar suga ta mahaifa

Rashin haɗarin kamuwa da cuta a cikin mata masu zuwa:

• shekaru har zuwa shekaru 25;
• nauyin jiki na yau da kullun da rashin wadatar nauyi a lokacin daukar ciki;
• babu wani nau'in “rashin lafiya” a tsakanin dangi;
• rashin tarihin yanayin glucose;
• Kasancewa da farin tseren;
• rashin haihuwar cutarwa a baya.

Asibitin

A mafi yawan lokuta, macen ba ta san da kasancewar cutar ba, tunda ciwon suga na iya zama asymptomatic.

Kwayoyin cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• ƙishirwa
• bushewa na bakin mucosa;
• a pathologically ƙãra adadin fitsari fitarwa;
• rauni, rage aiki;
• gajiya;
• raunin gani;
• bushewa da itching da fata.

A ƙarshen ilimin cutar sankara, ƙarshen lokacin gestosis yana farawa sama da na wasu mata masu juna biyu. Manyan kumburi ya bayyana, furotin a cikin fitsari ba tare da hawan jini ba. Etoarancin ƙwayar rashin haihuwa a jiki ke tasowa.

Kumburi daga ƙananan ƙarshen - alama ce ta gestosis na mata masu juna biyu, da haɓaka da ciwon sukari da wuri

Kuna iya ƙarin koyo game da alamu da alamomin ciwon sukari a cikin mata masu juna biyu daga wannan labarin.

Bayyananniya na iya bambanta gwargwadon matsayin diyya na ilimin halittar. Akwai raunin masu ciwon sukari, wanda a cikin shi ake yin girman glucose, amma yana kiyaye iyakokin da aka karba, godiya ga dabarun raunin farji, da kuma tarwatsa su, tare da dabi'un glucose din da suke bukatar girma.

Me zai faru da jaririn?

Babban matakan sukari a cikin jinin mahaifiyar yana haifar da hyperglycemia a cikin jikin yaron. Glucose sauƙin wucewa ta hanyar keɓaɓɓen jini. Wannan kwararar na iya zama mai ci gaba. A cikin layi daya tare da sukari, adadi mai yawa na amino acid da ketone (acetone) suna shiga jikin jaririn.

Batun mara kyau shine cewa abubuwa kamar insulin, glucagon, mai mai kitse ba sa zuwa daga uwa daga jariri, wanda ke nufin cewa jikin sa dole ne yayi jituwa tare da wuce haddi.

A cikin watanni ukun farko na ci gaban tayin, kodaron hanjin da tayi ba zai samarda insulin ba. A wannan lokacin, hyperglycemia na iya haifar da ci gaba na lalata cuta da nakasa. A ƙarƙashin “busa” ya faɗo zuciya, kwakwalwa da kashin baya, ƙwayar jijiyoyi, tsarin jijiyoyin hannu, masu dubawa da kuma binciken yanayin.

Pathology na jariri - sakamakon cututtukan mahaifa yayin daukar ciki

A wata na huɗu, ana fara samar da insulin, amma a cikin martaba ga ƙimar sukari mai ƙarfi, ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na tsibirin na Langerhans-Sobolev na yaran sun fara motsa jini sosai. Sakamakon haka, macrosomia fetal ya haɓaka, raguwar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfuran lecithin, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar wahalar numfashi yayin haihuwa. Hyperplasia na ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa yaro ya sami sha'awar tsawan lokaci da matsanancin ƙwayar cuta.

A cikin waɗannan jariran da aka haife su kan lokaci, sukari na iya zama ƙasa da 2 mmol / L, a cikin jariran da ba su girma ba - ƙasa da 1.4 mmol / L.

Hadarin da yaro

A bango daga cutar sankarar mahaifa, hadarin haɓaka halaye masu zuwa akan tayin yana ƙaruwa:

• rikice-rikice na cikinku (ba sau da yawa, mafi sau da yawa tare da nau'in pre-gestational na Pathology);
• macrosomia (nauyin yara a lokacin haihuwa fiye da 4 kilogiram);
• rauni na haihuwa (hematomas na haihuwa, lalacewar jijiya, fitsari na zuciya);
• babban bilirubin a cikin jariri bayan haihuwa;
• rikice-rikice na dogon lokaci (haɓakar kiba, haɓaka NTG yayin balaga).

Raunin haihuwa yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa jikin yaron yana haɓaka tare da ƙarancin lalacewa: an sanya kitse a cikin yankin bangon ciki, ƙuƙwalwa, da kuma canjin kai da kafaɗun kafa.

Binciko

Gwajin jiki

Kwararren ya tattara wani ananesis na rayuwar mai haƙuri da rashin lafiyarsa, ya fayyace kasancewar "cuta mai daɗi" a cikin dangi na yanzu, da kuma cututtukan da ke addabar mace mai ciki kanta.

Likita ya tantance jimlar matar, yana nuna alamun tsinkaye (tsinkayar cikin mahaifa, kewayen ciki, gabobin ciki), kuma yana tantance tsayi da nauyin jikin mutum. Gudanar da nauyin nauyi na da matukar muhimmanci, musamman dangane da tantance cutar. Likita ya kirkiro wani tsari na musamman na karuwar nauyin da za'a iya bai wa matar, tare da yin kwalliya ainun cewa ribar nauyi bata wuce iyakokin da aka yarda.

Gudanar da nauyi na yau da kullun - wata hanya don hana ci gaban cutar

Mahimmanci! Idan a cikin wata daya masu nuna alamun karuwa suka wuce iyakokin, to matsalar cutar rikice-rikice na yaro da mahaifiya zai ninka har sau goma.

Binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje

Don tantance yanayin matar mai juna biyu, ana gudanar da jerin nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje, gwargwadon sakamakon wanda ya tabbatar da bayyanar cutar ko kuma sanya ido kan yanayin haƙuri a cikin ayyukan kuzari.

Gaskiya na kwance cikin jini

A cewar WHO, yanayin sukari a cikin jini (yanki) yana cikin kewayon daga 3.5 zuwa 5.7 mmol / l, a cikin plasma - har zuwa 6 mmol / l. An tabbatar da keta hakkin glucose tare da alamomi masu zuwa (a mmol / l):

• tsinkayen jini - karuwa zuwa 7;
• plasma - karuwa zuwa 7.2.

Glucose a cikin fitsari

Idan a cikin alamun ƙirar jini na yanki na sukari ya wuce 10-12 mmol / l, ana kuma tantance glucose a cikin fitsari. Mahimmin alamomi na ganewar asali shine karin haske na glucosuria, ba kawai a cikin binciken safe ba, har ma yau da kullun da kuma cikin fitsari don wani lokaci.

Rashin sukari a cikin fitsari ba zai musun cutar ba, da kasancewar ta - don tabbatar da kasancewar. A layi daya, ana kimanta sauran matakan bincike.

Gwajin haƙuri na gwajin haƙuri

Amfani da wannan hanyar, yana yiwuwa ba kawai don tantance nau'in abubuwan da ake kira latti ba, amma kuma don fayyace kasancewar bayyanar cututtuka tare da alamun alamun wasu nazarin. TSH hanya ce ta tilas da ta dace ga dukkan mata masu juna biyu a rabi na biyu na rayuwar tayi.

Binciken ƙididdigar jini - ingantacciyar hanya don gano cutar sankarau

Shiri don isar da kayan kamar haka:

• Domin kwana uku kafin nazarin, sami akalla 250 g na carbohydrates kowace rana.
• Tare da izinin likita, soke shan nau'ikan magunguna.
• Ba da gudummawar jini venous da safe kafin abinci. Kuna iya shan ruwa kawai.

Bayan samfuri na farko, mace ta sha g 75 na gl foda, wanda aka narkar da shi a cikin ruwan dumi ko shayi. Ana ɗaukar ɓangaren jini na gaba bayan awa 2 daidai da na farkon. Kamar yadda likita ya umarta, za'a iya ɗaukar kayan bayan minti 30, bayan awa 1 daga lokacin da aka samo maganin zaki a cikin jiki.

Insulin na rashin aiki (IRI)

Eterayyade matakin insulin a cikin jini yana ba ku damar yin hukunci a kan yanayin ɓoyayyensa da aikin aikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Kayan al'ada na yau da kullun sun haɗu daga 6 zuwa 24 mcU / ml. A ƙarshen asalin ciwon sukari, sakamakon zai zama al'ada ko ƙara dan ƙara.

Kwayar halittar jini

Ba ku damar nazarin waɗannan alamomi masu zuwa:

Nau'in cuta na 2 da na ciki

• jimlar furotin;
• matakin urea
• creatinine;
• ALT, AST;
• alamomin glucose;
• bilirubin;
• phosphotase;
• saura nitrogen;
• matakin electrolyte.

Glycated Hemoglobin

Wannan hanyar tana ƙayyade yawan adadin furotin haemoglobin da ke haɗuwa da glucose. Yana ba ku damar tantance alamun sukari don kwata na ƙarshe. A yadda aka saba, a cikin mata masu juna biyu, matakin na haemoglobin ba ya wuce 6.5%. Dangane da gwaje-gwaje, ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a cikin kuzari a kowane mako shida.

Jiyya don ciwon sukari na hanji

Hanyar warkewar wannan nau'in cuta tana buƙatar daidaitaccen tsarin abincin, ingantaccen aikin jiki da ilimin insulin. Tare da kowace hanya, ya zama dole don aiwatar da saka idanu na matakan sukari ta amfani da glucometer.

Abincin far

Yin gyare-gyare na alamun sukari na musamman ta wannan hanyar an yarda da shi kawai tare da hyperglycemia na postprandial (wanda ke faruwa bayan an sanya abinci cikin abinci), kazalika tare da rama irin tsarin ilimin cuta, lokacin da matakan glucose bai wuce 7 mmol / L ba.

Gyara Abinci - Tushen Cutar Cutar na ciki

Siffofin abincin mata masu juna biyu sune kamar haka:

• carbohydrates yakamata ya kasance cikin abincin ba fiye da 40%;
• yakamata-da polysaccharides ya kamata a raba su cikin abinci (3 manyan + sauye-sauye da yawa);
• an ba da damar haɓaka adadin carbohydrates har zuwa 60%, amma batun amfani da samfurori na musamman tare da ƙarancin adadi na glycemic low;
• Calorie na rana ana lissafa shi ta hanyar ilimin endocrinologist ko masanin abinci mai gina jiki, yin la’akari da rarar jikin mace, nauyi da tsayi.

Kusan menu na mace mai ciki wacce ke da ciwon suga mai ƙwayar cuta:

• Karin kumallo - oatmeal a kan ruwa, apple, shayi tare da madara, yanki na burodin wholemeal tare da man shanu.
• Abinci - cuku gida, kefir.
• Abincin rana - miyan kayan lambu, abincin burodin buckwheat, yanki na dafaffen kaza ko naman sa, broth na fure mai fure.
• Abin ci - shayi tare da madara.
• Abincin dare - stewed kifi tare da kayan lambu, karas karas cutlets, shayi.
• Abin ci - kefir.

Aiki na Jiki

Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa motsa jiki na yau da kullun yana da amfani mai amfani akan hankalin ƙwayoyin sel da ƙirar jikin mutum zuwa insulin. Hakanan an tabbatar da cewa mata masu juna biyu masu kiba waɗanda ke da cutar suga ta mahaifa, suna biye da abincin da suke buƙata na aiki, suna buƙatar maganin insulin sau da dama ƙasa da sauran.

Harkokin insulin

Canjin zuwa wannan hanyar magani ya zama dole idan babu canje-canje a kan asalin gyaran abinci (fiye da makonni 2), idan an gano alamun macrosomia na tayi ta hanyar gwajin duban dan tayi, idan an gano cutar a makonni 32 ko kuma daga baya.

Hypglycemia na Postprandial yana buƙatar alƙawarin insulin gajeriyar aiki, idan an lura da yawan sukari a cikin komai a ciki, ana nuna amfani da insulin na dogon lokaci. Cakuda hyperglycemia yana buƙatar haɗakar kulawa da magani.

Ciki da haihuwa

Tare da mellitus na ciwon sukari, ana ƙaddamar da ƙarin gwaje-gwajen duban dan tayi. A mako na 20, aikin zuciya da sassan sa an kaddara. Lokacin bincike na gaba shine makonni 28, 32, 36. Daga mako na 36, ​​suna saka idanu a kai a kai yadda jariri ke samun nauyi, kuma su tantance adadin ruwan da yake motsawa.

Bincike na yau da kullun na mace mai ciki shine mabuɗin zuwa haihuwar jariri mai lafiya

Da zaran an tabbatar da bayyanar cutar sankarar mahaifa, matar na asibiti domin gyara halin ta, kuma ana daukar matakan da za su inganta ci gaban al'ada da ci gaban jariri. A mako na 36, ​​an tura ta zuwa asibiti a shirye don haihuwa. A wannan yanayin, mafi kyawun lokacin haihuwar shine makonni 37.

Mace mai ciki ta haihu da kanta yayin yanayin girman ƙwalƙwalwar al'ada, gabatarwar tayin, diyya na cutar kansa. Isar da wuri ta hanyar cesarean ana aiwatarwa:

• tare da tabarbarewa cikin lafiyar yaran;
• tare da karuwa a alamu na adadi na glucose a cikin jinin mahaifiyar;
• tare da haɓaka rikice-rikice daga kodan ko mai nazarin gani.

Rashin haihuwa

Tare da lokacin lokacin farko na cikas, maganin insulin na insulin cutarwa zai tsaya. Ana magance maganin 10% na glucose tare da insulin a cikin jijiya. Kowane sa'o'i 3, ana kula da darajar sukari na jini. Iyakokin da aka yarda a wannan lokacin sun kai 7 mmol / l.

Idan matar mai ciki ta kasance a kan abinci, ba a buƙatar glucose, amma ana lura da alamun gwaje-gwaje a kowace awa.

Lokacin haihuwa

Siffofin:

• Matar ba ta kasance a cikin ilimin insulin ba, amma an lura da alamun abincin - abincin da aka saba da sake yin gwaji bayan wata daya da rabi.
• Valuesimar sukari na yau da kullun - jarrabawa sau ɗaya a shekara.
• Amfani da maganin insulin kafin haihuwa - sarrafa matakan sukari kafin fitarwa.
• Warware amfani da insulin - bayan wata daya da rabi, sake bincikar lafiya.
• Ya kamata ayi shirin yin gwaji na gaba tare da gabatar da gwaji na farko.

Matakan hanyoyin kariya

Yin rigakafin haɓakar ƙoshin ƙwayoyin cuta ya samo asali ne daga kulawar mace ta jiki, shigar da isasshen motsa jiki a cikin tsarin yau da kullun, da saka idanu akan adadin carbohydrates da aka karɓa da abinci.

Idan cutar ta bayyana da asalin cikin na ƙarshe, ya kamata a tsara na gaba ba da farko ba bayan shekaru 2. Downididdigar ta faru ne daga lokacin da aka maido da cikakkiyar hankalin jijiyoyin sel da kyallen takarda zuwa insulin.

Matsayi mai kyau na haihuwar da ta haifi ɗa mai yiwuwa ne idan akwai bincike na ƙayyadaddun lokaci, dabarun da aka zaɓa da dabarun dacewa da bin shawarar da shawarar kwararru.