Bayanai na mahimmancin mahimmanci: alamu da alamu na kusancin ƙwayar cutar sankara

Ciwon sukari cuta ce mai matukar hatsari.

Ana nuna shi ta haɓaka ko ƙwayar sukari mai yawa a cikin jini na mai haƙuri saboda ƙarancin ƙwayar insulin da juriya na insulin a matakin salula, wanda ke tsokani mummunan aiki a cikin tsarin jiki da yawa.

Mafi rikitarwa rikicewar wannan cuta ita ce cutar rashin lafiya. Tare da ba tare da bata lokaci ba da kuma matakin gaggawa, yana iya haifar da mutuwa har ma. Haka kuma, alamomin cutar sankarau na iya faruwa a cikin nau'ikan cututtukan guda biyu, tare da cututtukan zuciya da hauhawar jini.

Menene coma mai ciwon sukari?

Coma yanayi ne mai mahimmanci, mai matukar damuwa yayin da yanayin hanzari da tafiyar matakai suka shafi damuwa. Sakamakon wannan, masu ciwon sukari suna tara metabolites mai cutarwa da mai guba, waɗanda ke cutar da aikin duk tsarin, gami da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.

Iri da haddasawa

Tare da ciwon sukari, mummunan gazawar hormonal ya faru.

Dangane da daidaituwa na nau'ikan ramuwa na jiki, ana rarrabe nau'ikan com da:

• ketoacidotic;
• hyperosmolar;
• lactaclera;
• hypoglycemic.

Wannan ko wannan nau'in halin halin halin halin ɗimauyar cuta ya bayyana tsananin haɗari da haɗarin hanyar kamuwa da cutar siga tare da rashin kulawa, marasa ilimi ko cikakkiyar rashin kulawar likita.

Cutar Ketoacidotic tana faruwa tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 (ƙasa da sau da yawa - nau'in 2). Yana haɓaka sannu a hankali saboda kusan cikakkiyar rashi na insulin na halitta saboda rashin daidaituwa mai yawa a cikin metabolism metabolism.

A wannan yanayin, sel ba za su iya samun glucose da suke buƙata ba, tunda insulin shine takamaiman mai gudanar da sukari ta hanyar membrane. Wato, matakan glucose din plasma sun tashi, amma sel basu karbarsa. Wannan yana haifar da rashin ƙarfi da raguwa a matakin salula.

Hanyar kitse mai (lipolysis) ana aiki gwargwadon nauyin aiki, haɓakar ƙwayar mai da yawan tarin ƙwayoyin lipid, waɗanda ke jikin ketone, suna haɓaka.

Tare da al'ada metabolism na carbohydrates da mai, jikin ketone jikin yana fitar da kodan, amma a cikin ketosis mai ciwon sukari, suna tarawa cikin jini.

Kodan bazai iya jurewa da sakin metabolites din da yawa ba.Tare da wannan yanayin, jikin ketone suna yin tasirin mai gubarsu a cikin tsarin jijiya na tsakiya da sauran tsarin, wanda ke haifar da faruwar cutar ketoacidotic.

Tare da wannan nazarin, an ƙaddara matakin glucose mai girma sosai a cikin haƙuri. Irin wannan rikitarwa yanayin mummunan yanayi ne kuma mai haɗarin gaske wanda ke buƙatar taimakon likita cikin gaggawa.

Ba tare da wannan ba, yana iya haifar da sauri cikin maye gurbi mai lalacewa ga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da mutuwa. Coma na wannan nau'in yana faruwa a mafi yawan lokuta a cikin marasa lafiya marasa magani, kazalika tare da sokewa mai zaman kansa na maganin insulin.

Tsarin bayyana da kuma faruwa na cutar ketoacidotic za'a iya raba shi zuwa matakai uku:

• matsakaici ko farkon, lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ba su da ma'amala ko laushi, na iya faruwa har zuwa makonni da yawa;
• rarrabuwa, lokacin da mara lafiya ya furta alamun ketoacidosis;
• coma.

Hyperosmolar coma yana bayyana ta hanyar bayyana hyperglycemia. Ana nuna alamun bayyanar cututtuka ta hanyar mummunan tasirin tasirin metabolism kuma ana nuna shi ta hanyar keta matsin lamba na osmotic a cikin ƙwayar.

Wannan yana haifar da canji a cikin abubuwan ƙirar halittarsa, saboda haka, zuwa ga mummunan aiki na dukkanin mahimman tsarin jikin mutum. Wannan nau'in coma yana faruwa ne sakamakon juriya na insulin a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 kuma ana samun mafi yawan lokuta a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya (shekaru 50).

Hyperglycemic coma yana haɓaka a hankali, tare da haɓaka hankali a hankali. Tare da wannan ilimin, asibiti na gaggawa da kuma matakan warkewa sun zama dole don gyara yanayin mai haƙuri.

Ba tare da izinin likita ba zai iya haifar da lalata kwakwalwa.

Hyma na hyperglycemic coma wani mummunan yanayi ne, mace-mace 50%. Sabili da haka, lokaci ya ɓace daga gano cutar zuwa farkon matakan da ake bukata na warkewa yana da mahimmanci.

Cutar Cutar Kwalara cuta ce mai matuƙar haɗari da kuma mummunan yanayin da ake lura da mummunan sakamako a cikin kashi 75% na lokuta. Ba shi da na kowa fiye da sauran rikitattun rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari kuma ana kiranta lactic coma.

Wannan coma tasowa a cikin ciwon sukari a kan bango na concomitant cututtuka (babban jini asara, yawa myocardial infarction, m cutar, m renal da hepatic gazawar, na kullum gajiya da kuma babban aiki ta jiki).

Babban fasalin ƙwayar lactacPs shine cewa alamun bayyanar cututtuka suna haɓaka ba zato ba tsammani kuma da sauri tare da tsauraran halayen cuta na jijiyoyin jini. Ana amfani da coma da keɓaɓɓen jini da hauhawar matakan sukari kuma ana samun mafi yawan lokuta a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari.

Yana faruwa saboda gaskiyar cewa mai haƙuri ya fara shiga cikin adadin insulin da ya wuce gona da iri kuma ya fallasa kansa ga tsananin motsa jiki.

Wani dalili shine insulinoma na pancreatic, wanda ya fara samar da insulinoma mai yawa, yawan ƙwayar glucose yana raguwa, duk ya shiga cikin sel.

Kwayar jijiya (musamman, kwakwalwa) tana fama da wannan, wanda ke haifar da alamun cutar da bayyanar cututtuka na wannan nau'in kwayar cutar. Idan ana amfani da magani na lokaci-lokaci, cutar sikila da ta wuce-wuri ba ta tsaya da sauri ba.

Don wannan, zaku iya amfani da ikon sarrafawa na kashi 40 na glucose kashi 40. Idan baku ba mai haƙuri taimako ba, mummunar lalacewar tsarin juyayi na tsakiya na iya haɓaka, har zuwa asarar wani ɓangare na ayyukan jiki.

Menene alamu da alamun halayyar kwayar cutar biri a cikin nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2?

Kowane irin nau'in na halin ɗorawa na gaba da wasu alamu. A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, yawanci sun fi bayyana, amma ba lallai ba ne. Ya kamata ku kula da su kuma idan kun ji rashin lafiya, ku kira likita nan da nan.

Anan akwai alamun alamun halin rashin damuwa:

• Kafin ƙwayar ketoacidotic, mutum yana fuskantar rauni mai rauni, ƙoshin ƙishirwa tare da karuwar diureis, yunwar amai, da rashin ci. Yayin numfashi kuma daga fitsari, ana jin warin acetone (acidosis). Abubuwan tabo suna bayyana a kan kumatun, mai kama da kumburin fuska (hyperemia of the face);
• hyperosmolar coma an gabace ta saurin gajiyawa da rauni, saurin ƙishirwa tare da bayyanar bushewar mucous membranes, nutsuwa, urination akai-akai, bushewa da raguwar fata, ƙarancin numfashi tare da bayyanar da ƙura;
• Kafin lactacPs coma, rauni da kuma furta tsoka zafi, tashin hankali, nutsuwa m tare da rashin bacci, spasmolytic ciki zafi tare da amai an lura. Tare da canzawa mara kyau, akwai asarar sassauci da paresis saboda lalacewar kwakwalwa;
• Kafin wata matsalar rashin lafiyar, mai haƙuri yana jin wani yunwar, yunwar, ƙarfin jiki, theanƙun ƙafa, rawar jiki, gumi, tsananin farin ciki. Rare da jinkirin numfashi. Yiwuwar asarar ilimi.

Amma akwai alamun halayyar yawancin nau'ikan com. Dole ne su faɗakar da mutumin da ke fama da ciwon sukari, koda kuwa ba shi da sauran alamun cutar:

• tsananin ƙishirwa da saurin urination. Daya daga cikin mahimman alamomin waje cewa mutum yana da ciwon sukari. Hakanan yana iya kasancewa cikon cutar ketoacidotic ko cope hymorosmolar;
• ciwon kai da hauhawar jini. Alamun da ke nuna farkon lactacPs ko cutar rashin ƙarfi na hypoglycemic. Kwayar cutar dake buƙatar kulawa da lafiyar gaggawa;
• rikicewa, rauni. Idan mai haƙuri ya sami rauni, gajiya, motsinsa yana jujjuyawa, kuma tunaninsa ya rikice, wannan yanayin na iya ɗaukar hoton ketoacidotic ko hypoglycemic coma;
• zurfin m numfashi. Ana lura da irin wannan alamar tare da cutar lactacPs kuma tana buƙatar sa hannun gaggawa;
• yawan tashin zuciya da amai. Suna faruwa tare da ketoacidotic da lactacPs coma kuma suna da alamun rikice-rikice;
• warin baki. Alamar ganewar asali ita ce babbar alamar ketosis mai ciwon sukari. Hakanan, fitsari mara lafiya na iya jin warin kamar acetone;
• sauran bayyanar coma a cikin masu ciwon sukari. Baya ga alamomin da ke sama, marasa lafiya na iya fuskantar rashi na hangen nesa, salivation, fushi, rage taro, saurin bugun zuciya, rawar jiki, tashin hankali na magana, ma'anar tsoro da fargaba, kumburin harshe.

Sakamakon mai yiwuwa akan kwakwalwa da sauran gabobin

Tare da coma da hauhawar jini, haɓakar ƙwayar lipid ta lalace, an inganta lipid peroxidation, wanda ke haifar da mummunan rauni kuma yana lalata jijiyoyi, yana haifar da bugun zuciya da nakasa (cutar Alzheimer na iya farawa a cikin mata tsofaffi).

Umoary glucosuria yana haifar da lalacewar koda da haɓakar rashin aiki na ƙoshin lafiya. A wannan yanayin, ma'aunin electrolyte na jini yana da damuwa (ga acidification), wanda ke tsokani da wani nau'in arrhythmia. Yawan tarawa na rayuwa mai guba a cikin jiki yana haifar da mummunar lalacewar hanta (cirrhosis, hepatic coma).

Tare da cutar rashin lafiya ta mahaifa, babbar barazanar ita ce lalacewar kwakwalwar da ba za a iya canzawa ba, tun da neurons ba su sami isasshen kuzari a cikin yanayin glucose kuma sun fara mutuwa da sauri, wanda ke haifar da canjin mutum, haɓaka, yaro na iya rasa hankali.

Taimako na farko

Cutar sankarau na iya samun dalilai iri-iri da alamu. Zai yi wuya ga talakawa mutum ya gano wannan, kuma a cikin gaggawa, ayyuka marasa amfani zasu iya yin babban lahani.

Sabili da haka, a cikin wari, taimakon farko na mara lafiya ga mai haƙuri zai zama kiran gaggawa daga likita.

Hasashen

Ga kowane nau'in cutar sankara mai ciwon sukari, tsinkaya koyaushe yana kasancewa mai tsananin kulawa, tunda duk ya dogara da ƙoshin lafiya. Tare da nau'in lactacPs, kusan ba a cika ɗaukar matsala ba.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Bayyanar cututtuka da taimakon farko na cutar malaria:

Duk mutumin da ke dauke da cutar sankara yakamata yasan cewa cutar sankarar mahaifa ba lallai ba ne kuma babu makawa sakamakon wannan cutar. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, yana haɓaka ta hanyar laifin mai haƙuri da kansa.

A cikin ciwon sukari, dole ne a hankali ku fahimci abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan cutar, bi duk shawarar likitoci. Hanyar da za a iya haɗawa da ita tare da kula da lafiyar mutum kawai zai taimaka wajen haɓaka rayuwar ta da kuma guje wa cutar kwaro.