Baya ga haemoglobin na yau da kullun, glycated haemoglobin, ko HbA1c, shima yana cikin jinin mutum.
Yana da kyakkyawar alama mai lafiyar lafiyar mai haƙuri, yana ba ka damar sauri da kuma daidai gano cuta mai narkewar ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa, kazalika da mummunan cuta irin su 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Gwajin yau da kullun na gwajin haemoglobin yana ba marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari mellitus da marasa lafiya da cututtukan metabolism damar fahimtar yadda tasirin likitan da likitan ya zaba kuma ko mara lafiyar yana kulawa da kiyaye rashin lafiyar sa.
Cutar haemoglobin: menene?
Glycated haemoglobin ko HbA1c wani fili ne da aka samu a cikin jini sakamakon abinda ya shafi glucose tsatsauran jini da na al'ada.
Samuwar ya tabbata kuma ba za'a canza shi zuwa wani abu ba.
Tsawon rayuwar rayuwar wannan fili shine kwanakin kwana 100-120, ko dai dai muddin kwayar ta 'rayu'. Dangane da haka, gwajin jini wanda kwararren dakin gwaje-gwaje zaiyi na iya samarda cikakken bayani game da matakin haemoglobin a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata.
Sauran nau'ikan haemoglobin kuma suna cikin jinin mutum. Koyaya, shi ne HbA1c kai tsaye ya dogara da matakin sukari a cikin jini kuma shine mafi bayani.
Glycated da glycosylated haemoglobin: daidai yake da abu ko a'a?
Sau da yawa, baya ga daidaitaccen ma'anar “haemoglobin,” likitoci suna amfani da kalmar kamar "gemocosylated haemoglobin," don haka yaudarar marasa lafiya.
A zahiri, jumlolin da aka jera suna nufin daidai ne.
Saboda haka, tunda an karɓi magana game da bincike don hawan jini, wanda bai kamata ya firgita ba. Wannan wani nau'in nazari ne wanda ya saba da masu ciwon sukari, sakamakon wanda zai taimaka wajen saka ido akan matakin abubuwan da ke cikin jini na alamomi mai mahimmanci a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata.
Menene jimlar HbA1c ya nuna a gwajin jini?
Lokacin bayar da gudummawar jini zuwa glycated haemoglobin, yana da muhimmanci a san dalilin da yasa ake yin wannan gwajin, kuma menene sakamakon yake gaya wa kwararrun.Haemoglobin da ke cikin sel jini yana iya haxa glucose daga jini. Yawancin sukari yana kunshe a jikin mutum, hakan shine yawan dauki matakin samarda HbA1c.
Yawan adadin haemoglobin zai dogara kai tsaye ne ga matsakaiciyar tasoshin glucose akan rayuwar sel jini.
Kuma tunda erythrocytes na '' shekaru daban-daban 'suna kasancewa a cikin jini, kwararru galibi suna ɗaukar matsakaicin mai nuna alama (na kwanaki 60-90) a matsayin tushen. Wato, bayan tsalle-tsalle cikin alamomi, daidaituwa na matakin HbA1c a cikin jini na iya faruwa ba da wuri ba sai bayan kwanaki 30-45.
Dangane da haka, tunda ya karɓi sakamakon nazarin, likitan da ke halartar na iya yanke cikakkiyar shawara game da ko mara lafiyar yana da lahani a cikin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate, ko kuma ya dade yana fama da ciwon sukari.
Haemoglobin A1c hanyoyin
A yau, kwararru suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don tantance A1c a cikin jinin marasa lafiya. A saboda wannan dalili, an ba da shawarar yin gwaji a wannan cibiyar likitancin. Bayan haka, sakamakon da aka samu yayin gudanar da bincike ta amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na iya bambanta da juna.
A cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na zamani, ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa don tantance adadin glycogemoglobin:
- HPLC (babban aikin kwayar halittar chromatography). Ana yin lissafin ta atomatik ta amfani da mai dubawa;
- Hanyar yin aiki (ion musanya chromatography). Don gano taro na abu mai amfani, an hada jini gabaɗaya da mafitsara mai narkewa. Gudanar da wannan nau'in bincike shima yana buƙatar kasancewar masu nazarin kimiyyar kimiyyar kimiyyar kimiyyar kere-kai kai tsaye;
- ƙananan matsa lamba na ion musayar chromatography. Haɗin mafi kyawun halayen masu amfani da halaye na nazari ya sa wannan hanyar ta zama sananne. Sakamakon da aka samu ta amfani da HPLC kuma wannan hanyar yawanci daidai suke;
- amfani da šaukuwa glycohemoglobin. Wannan hanyar tana bawa ma'aunin kai tsaye a gadon mara lafiya. Koyaya, farashin irin wannan binciken yana da girma sosai, don haka hanyar ba ta cikin buƙata mai girma;
- immunoturbidimetry. Yana ba ku damar sanin yawan HbA1c a cikin jini gabaɗaya, ba tare da amfani da ƙarin amfani da jan hankali ba. Saboda haka, saurin samun sakamakon yana da kyau sosai.
Norms na manya da yara
Don ƙirƙirar ra'ayi na haƙiƙa, ƙwararren masani yana amfani da alamun yau da kullun na al'ada. Don shekaru daban-daban da yanayi, lambobin zasu zama daban.
Lafiya lau
Ga mutum mai lafiya, matakin glycogemoglobin yana cikin kewayon daga 4% zuwa 5.6%.
Abun ciki na lokaci-lokaci ba za'a iya la'akari da tabbataccen tabbaci na kasancewar cutar sankarar bargo ko ƙwanƙwasa jini ba.
Wasu lokuta ƙananan lalacewa suna faruwa har ma a cikin mutane masu lafiya a ƙarƙashin rinjayar damuwa, motsin rai ko nauyin jiki, da sauran dalilai da yawa.
A cikin haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari
Ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, an ƙayyade ka'ida daban-daban. Kwararrun sun bayyana wannan, dangane da yanayin lafiya da tsananin cutar.
Amma a kowane hali, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya sa ido a kai a kai game da matakin glycemia kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya haɓaka kawo ƙimar HbA1c zuwa al'ada (daga 4% zuwa 5.6%).
Game da ka'idoji, alamomi tsakanin 5.7% da 6.4% suna nuna cewa mai haƙuri yana cikin yanayin "iyaka", kuma haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankara ya yi yawa.
Glycemic haemoglobin tare da sukari na jini
Kamar yadda kuka sani, HbA1c ya dogara ne akan matakin glucose cikin jini. Akwai wasu ƙa'idodi da aka kafa gabaɗaya waɗanda likita zasu iya ƙayyade ko yanayin lafiyar mai haƙuri yana da gamsarwa.
An gabatar da ingantaccen rabo na alamun a cikin tebur:
| HbA1c,% | Glucose, mmol / L |
| 4,0 | 3,8 |
| 4,5 | 4,6 |
| 5,0 | 5,4 |
| 5,5 | 6,5 |
| 6,0 | 7,0 |
| 6,5 | 7,8 |
| 7,0 | 8,6 |
| 7,5 | 9,4 |
| 8 | 10,2 |
Menene karkacewar matakin HbA1c daga al'ada yana nuna?
Asedara yawan hawan jini wanda ba zai iya nuna alamar ciwon sukari kawai ba.Hakanan ana iya haifar da haɓaka cikin hanzari ta hanyar rashin haƙuri na rashin haƙuri. Rage darajar HbA1c ba karamin hadari bane.
Zasu iya zama sakamakon kasancewar cutar kansa a cikin farji, cin zarafin magunguna masu rage sukari, tsawaita lokacin cin abinci mara nauyi da wasu abubuwan.
Yaya za a rage / ƙara yawan kuɗi?
Ingantawa ko rage girman HbA1c zai taimaka wajen kiyaye ingantaccen abinci, ƙungiyar da ta dace da tsarin yau da kullun da aiwatar da shawarwarin likita.
Haɓaka abinci (a cikin iyakoki masu ma'ana) tare da abinci mai dauke da glucose zai taimaka wajen haɓaka matakan glycogemoglobin, rage ayyukan jiki zuwa matakin da ya dace, da kuma kare kanka daga damuwa.
Don cimma ragi a cikin HbA1c, saitin abubuwan da ake buƙata na wajibi ne. A wannan yanayin, mai haƙuri dole ne ya canza zuwa abinci mai ƙarancin carb, samar da jiki tare da motsa jiki, guje wa yanayin damuwa da lura da matakin glycemia a koyaushe.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Cikakkun bayanai game da gwajin jini na glycated haemoglobin a cikin bidiyon:
Kulawa da matakan hemoglobin gly shine muhimmin ma'aunin ganewar asali ga masu ciwon sukari. Don kiyaye halin da tasirin magani a ƙarƙashin kulawa, ana ba da shawarar cewa marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari da nakasassu a cikin ƙwayoyin metabolism suna ba da gudummawar jini kowane watanni uku don HbA1c.
