Iri da regimens na insulin far

Insulin shine ainihin hormone wanda ke rage sukari jini, yana ƙarfafa sha da kawar da glucose a cikin kyallen, kuma yana hana haɓakar jikin ketone. Latterarshe a cikin ƙari yana haifar da ketoacidosis, rikitaccen haɗari na ciwon sukari.

Harkokin insulin shine hanya mai haɓakawa kuma mafi dacewa na maganin, wanda aka ƙaddara don raunin gazawar ƙwayar carbohydrate ta hanyar gabatarwar magungunan insulin.

Ana amfani da shi don magance ciwon sukari da ke dogaro da insulin, don ɗan gajeren magani na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, kafin tiyata, don matsanancin ƙwayar cuta na cutar huhu da sauran cututtukan, don maganin cututtukan type 2, idan magungunan da ke rage sukari ba su da tasiri. Yi la'akari da nau'ikan da ka'idodi na ilimin insulin.

Tsari

Ana gudanar da aikin insulin a bisa wani tsari na musamman da wani kwararren likitancin endocrinologist ya kirkiro. Likita ya zaɓi nau'in insulin (cikin sauri ko tsawaita aiki), lokacin gudanarwa, sashi.

Idan babban likitan ilimin likita yana tsara magani ba tare da bincika sakamakon nazarin kansa ba, yana da kyau a sami wani likita, in ba haka ba zaku iya zuwa likitan nephrologist wanda ke da cututtukan koda daban-daban ko likitocin tiyata waɗanda ke yankan ƙananan ƙarshen.

Dole ne likita ya tantance irin nau'in insulin da ake buƙata don kula da yawan glycemia na yau da kullun, ko ana buƙatar allurar hormone mai sauri, ko kuma idan mai ciwon sukari yana buƙatar insulin gajere da tsawan lokaci.

Masanin ilimin endocrinologist yana buƙatar ma'aunin glycemia na haƙuri a cikin satin da ya gabata da kuma bayanin yanayin da ke kewaye da su:

1. Lokacin Abinci;
2. Yawan da halaye na abincin da aka ci;
3. Kasancewar motsa jiki, gyara tsawon lokacinsa;
4. Tsawon lokaci da kuma maganin magungunan cutar sankara na baki;
5. Kasancewar kamuwa da cuta da sauran cututtuka;
6. Ara ko rage yawan sukari da daddare (an ƙaddara ko ana buƙatar kashi na ƙarin hormone a lokacin kwanciya).

Gudanar da fita

Me yasa allura kuma ba kwayoyin hana daukar ciki ba? Bayan gudanar da baki, an lalata abu cikin sauri a cikin narkewa. Shirye-shiryen insulin na ɗan adam, wanda ake amfani da shi yanzu don magani, ana samun su ta hanyoyi da yawa: Hanyar Sintin-roba ko biosynthetic.

A da, an yi amfani da bovine da naman alade, amma bayan dogon nazari an tabbatar da cewa halayen waɗannan hanyoyin biyu suna cutar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma suna haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki.

Ingantaccen hormone yanzu. Sakamakon abu a cikin hanyar biosynthetic baya dauke da cutarwa masu cutarwa.

An haɗa abubuwan da ke gaba zuwa insulin ɗan adam da aka sarrafa:

• Tare da sakamako mai tsawo;
• Abubuwan rarrabewa;
• Crystallizing.

Kafin fara magani, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku da ƙa'idodi da ka'idojin ilimin insulin:

1. Kafin yin allurar, wurin da aka nufa na fallasa an yayyanka shi sosai;
2. Yi amfani da sirinji na insulin na musamman tare da allura na bakin ciki ko alƙalami na syringe.

Ab Adbuwan amfãni na ƙarshen:

• Wata allura da aka tsara musamman tana iya rage zafin allurar;
• Asasshen amfani, injections za a iya yi a kusan kowane lokaci.

Tsarin kulawa ya kamata hada da:

1. Azumi - allurar gajere da tsayi;
2. Yin allura na ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin abincin rana;
3. Hormone "mai sauri" kafin abincin dare;
4. Dogon aiki da allurar kafin lokacin bacci.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da tasiri na yawan ƙwayar insulin:

• Zazzabi, tsananin sanyi;
• Shin suna kara yawan gudanarwa;
• Aiki na Jiki;
• Shin mai haƙuri yana fuskantar damuwa.

Alamomi don maganin insulin:

1. Type 1 ciwon sukari
2. Ketoacidosis;
3. Coma;
4. Cututtukan cututtuka da na purulent a cikin masu ciwon sukari;
5. Cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun a cikin masu ciwon sukari;
6. Rashin ingancin wakilai na baka wanda ke rage sukari a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2;
7. Mai haƙuri ya yi sauri ya yi asara mai yawa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Iri far

Yi la'akari da nau'ikan ilimin insulin na zamani.

M

Ana amfani da wannan dabara lokacin da mara lafiya bashi da nauyi mai yawa, damuwa akai-akai. An wajabta maganin a kowane guda ɗaya na kilogram na nauyi sau ɗaya a rana. Maximally simulates na halitta mugunya na hormone a cikin jiki.

Sharuɗɗa:

• Dole ne a samar da hormone a cikin adadi don yalwantar da glucose;
• Abubuwan da aka gabatar dasu yakamata suyi ma'anar narkewar ciki gaba daya, wanda ke dauke da sinadarin mutum.

Hanyar ta dace da maganin insulin na nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari mellitus.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata a sama suna da makirci na nau'in magani, lokacin da aka rarraba kashi na yau da kullun zuwa insulin tare da aiki na gajere ko na dogon lokaci. An gabatar da nau'in na karshen a safe da maraice.

Insauki insulin ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan cin abinci mai ƙarfi. Abincin ya kamata ya ƙunshi carbohydrates. Likita ya tsara sashi daban.

Wani nau'in mai ciwon sukari na 1 ya kamata a kai a kai yana auna glycemia kafin cin abinci.

Al'adun gargajiya

Wannan haɓaka fasaha ce wacce ta haɗu da insulins na lokutan aiki daban-daban a allura guda. Babban fa'ida shine yawan allurar da aka rage zuwa uku a kowace rana. Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin adadin.

Significantan haɓakar ma'anar shine cewa baya yin kwaikwayon ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ciki, sabili da haka, cikakken diyya don gazawar ma'adinin ƙwaƙwalwar mai haƙuri ba ya faruwa.

Mai haƙuri yana yin allura biyu a kowace rana, yana gabatar da abubuwa na gajarta da tsawaita aiki. Hormones tare da matsakaicin tsawon kashi biyu bisa uku na kashi na kwayoyi. Wani kashi na uku kuma an tanada don kuɗaɗen ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Marasa lafiya tare da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na iya ɗaukar ma'aunin glucose na yau da kullun kafin abinci.

Insulin yin famfo

Wannan nau'in na'urar lantarki ne wanda ke yin allurar insulin zagaye-da-agogo tare da ɗaukar gajeren lokaci da matsanancin-gajere a cikin mafi ƙarancin allurai.

Na'urar tana aiki a cikin nau'ikan hanyoyin sarrafa magani:

1. Ci gaba da samarda insulin a cikin karamin sashi (basal). Wannan makirci yana kwaikwayi bayanan saki na kwayar. Wannan yana ba ku damar maye gurbin amfani da insulins masu aiki da dogon lokaci.
2. Saurin Bolus - yawan sarrafawa na miyagun ƙwayoyi, mai ciwon sukari yana tsara adadin sa da kansa. Ana amfani dashi kafin abinci ko tare da haɓaka glycemic index.

Lokacin amfani da ƙimar bolus, irin wannan ilimin insulin yana maye gurbin hormone tare da matsanancin gajere ko gajere. Hadaddun hanyoyin suna ba da mafi kyawun kwaikwayon kwaikwayon ƙwayar hormone. Ana maye gurbin catheter kowane kwana uku.

Kwayar ta shiga ta cikin catheters na roba. Ana sanya keɓaɓɓen cannula a ƙarƙashin fata inda aka saka allurar sirinji tare da wasu dabaru. Ana ba da shi a cikin mafi ƙarancin allurai a saurin wanda mai haƙuri ya shirya, kuma ana amfani da kayan nan take. Jadawalin na iya canzawa kowane minti 30.

Sauran fa'idodin amfani da na'urar:

• Babban sashi na daidaituwa, mafi ƙarancin yawan adadin ƙwayar bolus;
• Yawan rage alamomi;
• Zai taimaka wajen yin lissafin yawan insulin (bolus insulin) (mara lafiyar ya shiga bayanai akan ma'aunin glycemic dinsa da sauran alamomi a cikin shirin);
• Ana iya tsara na'ura don kada ta gudanar da maganin ƙwayar cuta ta bolus a lokaci ɗaya, amma yana tsawaita aikin (mai tasiri idan mai haƙuri yana cinye jinkirin carbohydrates mai jinkiri ko kuma idan akwai wani babban biki);
• Motar ta ci gaba da auna glycemia, tana gargadi tare da wuce haddi na sukari;
• Gabatarwar wani abu don daidaita sukari na iya canza saurin (alal misali, wadatar da sinadarin an kashe shi da hypoglycemia);
• Motocin zamani sun sami damar adana bayanan bayanan bayanai na watanni da yawa, watsa bayanai zuwa komputa, aikin ya dace sosai ga mai haƙuri da likita.

Farfadoji don cututtukan siga daban-daban

Tsarin maganin warkewa don ciwon sukari na 1 ana nuna shi ta hanyar gudanar da insulin sau biyu a rana. Gabatarwar bolus - kafin amfani da abinci.

Hadin gwiwar gwamnatoci ana kiranta daɗaɗan maganin bolus, da kuma allurar allura da yawa. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan yana ƙaruwa da ilimin insulin.

Kwayar halittar endocrinologist ta zabi sashi, la'akari da dalilai da yawa. Abubuwan insulin na yau da kullun na iya mamaye kusan kashi 50% na adadin yau da kullun. An lissafta sashin hormone bolus daban-daban.

Harkokin insulin don kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 yana farawa da ƙari a hankali na ƙara yawan allurai na furotin zuwa magungunan da ke rage matakan sukari. Idan an fara ba da haƙuri na daskararren ƙwayar cuta ta basal, ana zaɓi 10 IU kowace rana. Kuna buƙatar gudanar da maganin a lokaci guda.

Da wuri jiyya

A matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyoyin warkewa yara, an haɗu da hormones "gajere" da "matsakaici". A cikin yanayin sauki, ya kamata a kiyaye diyya mai kyau. Idan yaro ya cika shekaru 12 da haihuwa, ana yin gwaji a jiki.

An daidaita sashi a matakai. Sakamakon binciken yana ƙaddara cikin kwanaki da yawa. Ba za a yarda da daidaita yawan aiki da safe da maraice ba. Lokacin zabar hanyar magani, likita yayi la'akari da babban adadin abubuwan da halaye na jikin karamin haƙuri.

Babban ingancin magungunan yana kawar da haɗarin mummunan halayen ƙwayar cuta da haɓakar lipodystrophy a wuraren allurar. Tare da lipodystrophy, babu wani mai kitse. Wannan babban rikitarwa ne. An kula da cutar na dogon lokaci, kuma ba za ku iya dakatar da allurar ba.

Masu ciwon sukari na matasa masu karamin karfi tare da tsananin hankali suna shiga tare da gurbatattun analogues. Tare da wannan dabarar, haɗarin raguwa mai narkewa a cikin ƙwaƙwalwa yana ƙarancin saboda ingantaccen kashi da aka saita.

Kulawa da yanayin yara a cikin shekarun farko na rayuwa ya kamata ya zama da hankali musamman, tun da ba a iya faɗi abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su game da amfani da ingantattun magunguna.

Jiyya ga mata masu juna biyu

Rashin lafiyar insulin ciki yana da isasshen glucose mai azumi da kuma bayan cin abinci. Hanyar metabolism na mace a cikin wani matsayi mara m, akai akai na farji ya zama dole. Bukatar insulin a wannan lokacin yana ƙaruwa.

Don hana hauhawar jini, ana ba da allura 2 a kowace rana a safiyar safe da kuma bayan abinci. Ana amfani da gajere, matsakaici, haɗuwa kafin abinci na farko da na ƙarshe.

Suna hana cututtukan dare da allura da aka yi kafin lokacin bacci. Rashin hauhawar jini mai yiwuwa ne. Ga mata a cikin matsayi, wannan sabon abu ba mai haɗari ba ne. Idan akwai barazanar yin rashin haihuwa, za'ayi maganin mushen magnesium sulfate. Sauran magunguna masu rage sukari ga mace mai ciki sun saba.

Yayin haihuwa, ana kula da glycemia a hankali kuma a sa'a daya. Yana iya tsalle saboda damuwa ko faɗuwa sosai.

Ga masu cutar kwakwalwa

Jiyya yawanci ana nufin marasa lafiya da schizophrenia. Anyi gwaji na farko game da halin rashin lafiyar da ke ciki. Tare da ilimin insulin a cikin tabin hankali, allurar farko ana yin ta ne akan komai a ciki, a karshen mako - hutu.

Hypoglycemia yana haɓaka. Marasa lafiya na iya koka game da rauni, yunwar, ƙishirwa, jan aikin, giya mai yiwuwa. Dakyar yana kara sauri. Marasa lafiya suna ɗaukar hankali ga abin da ke faruwa, sun riƙa faɗowa

A cikin wannan halin, sun tsaya na tsawon awanni 3. Suna ba gilashin shayi mai ɗumi mai ɗumi, karin kumallo mai yawan gaske. An sake dawo da matakin ƙwayar cutar glycemia, marasa lafiya sun koma yanayinsu na asali.

A mataki na gaba na magani, sashi na magunguna yana ƙaruwa, ƙarancin sani yana gudana zuwa cikin wawa. An daidaita yanayin ne bayan minti 20, an sanya dropper. An zuba maganin glucose, sannan a cike shi da abinci mai yawan carb.

A mataki na karshe, maganin yana gabatar da mara lafiya a cikin yanayin kan iyaka mai kama da sihiri. Bayan rabin sa'a, mara lafiya ya fara hanzarta "dawo".

Ku ciyar game da zaman dozin biyu. Bayan sashi na horarwa yana ragewa a hankali har sai an soke ta gaba daya.

Tare da irin wannan ilimin insulin don raunin kwakwalwa, rikice-rikice masu zuwa na iya faruwa:

1. Ciyar da kanta Ba za a iya dawo da mai haƙuri zuwa yanayin da suka gabata ba. Sa'an nan kuma maganin maganin kafeyin, ana amfani da glucose a cikin jijiya. Idan babu sakamako, ana amfani da maganin adrenaline. Ba zaku iya saka glucose a karo na biyu a jere ba. Cutar fitsari daga hypoglycemic na iya zama hyperglycemic.
2. Maimaitawa coma. Zai yiwu dan lokaci bayan dakatar da warin farko. Yanayin yana tsayawa daidai da na al'ada.

Sakamakon rashin magani

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa na insulin therapy:

• Allergy zuwa alluran allura. Yankunan da aka canza launin da itching suna bayyana bayan fasahar allurar da ba ta dace ba, yin amfani da allura mai ƙyalƙyali, insulin ruwan sanyi, da zaɓin shafin da bai dace ba.
• Lipodystrophy, wanda kashi mai keɓaɓɓen kitse ya ɓace a wurin allurar insulin. Smallan karamin fossa.
• Lipohypertrophy. Fatambin murfin kitse yana bayyana a wuraren allurar.

Wani rikitarwa shine matakin sukari ya ragu, munafunci ya inganta. Marasa lafiya suna jin tsananin yunwar, ɗumi yana ƙaruwa, rawar jiki ya bayyana, bugun zuciya yayi sauri. Yana faruwa saboda gabatarwar babban kashi ko abinci kaɗan. Abun tsoro, yawan motsa jiki na iya shafar ci gaban yanayin.

Haske ne mai nauyi. Suna kawar da rashin ƙarfi a jiki da kansu, suna shan carbohydrates. Yana wucewa da sauri kuma ba tare da wata alama ba. Za'a iya haɗuwa da mummunan nau'in tare da cutar mahaifa. Mai haƙuri yana buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa.

Adana matakan da aka lissafa ba daidai ba sun kara dagula yanayin mai haƙuri. Rashin gazawar na iya ci gaba, isarwar jijiyar jini ga gabar jiki na iya lalacewa. Sannan hanyoyin gangrenous mai yiwuwa ne a cikin kyallen.

Babban burin ilimin insulin na zamani shine kula da matakin metabolism na metabolism kusa da wanda aka lura a cikin mutum lafiya. Rage sukari koyaushe yana haifar da rikice-rikice masu yawa: ciwon sukari mellitus, ketonuria, ketoacidosis, nakasasshe, rabewar wata gabar jiki, mutuwar marasa lafiya.