Bayyanar cututtuka na retinopathy na ciwon sukari

Tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta wanda ke faruwa a cikin jiki a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ciwon sukari yana da mummunar tasiri akan tsarin jijiyoyin jiki. Idan ya zo ga idanu, kusan kashi 90% na marassa lafiya suna da mummunan wahalar hangen nesa da abin da ake kira retinopathy na ciwon sukari.

Babban fasalin wannan cuta shine farkon asymptomatic kuma ba a iya jujjuya shi ba ga kayan aiki, wanda sune ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar hangen nesa a cikin mutanen da ke aiki.

Sanadin faruwa

Har yanzu dai a kwanannan, shekaru 20-30 da suka gabata, bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa na nufin tabbacin makanta na mara lafiya bayan shekaru 5-7. Yanzu yanayin ya canza sosai, saboda hanyoyin zamani na likitanci na iya magance wannan cuta cikin nasara.

A takaice bayanin asalin tsarin da ke haifar da haifar da cutar yana da sauqi. Canje-canje a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa wanda ke haifar da ciwon sukari yana da mummunar tasiri a kan bayarwar jini zuwa ga ƙungiyar ocular. Microvessels na ido ya zama ya toshe, wanda hakan ke haifar da hauhawar karfin gwiwa da nasara ga bango (basur na ciki). Bugu da ƙari, abubuwa na kasashen waje daga tasoshin jini na iya shiga cikin retina, saboda shingen kariya na halitta a cikin ciwon sukari ya fara cika aikinsa mafi muni. Ganuwar jijiyoyin jini a hankali suna fita waje kuma sun rasa elasticity, wanda ke kara haɗarin zubar jini da rauni na gani.

Matakan ci gaban cutar:

• An bayyana aikin maganin damuwa wanda ba shi da amfani a matsayin matakin farko na cutar. Bayyanannunsa ba su da mahimmanci kuma mai haƙuri bai lura da canji a aikin gani ba. Akwai keɓaɓɓen lokuta na toshewar hanyoyin jini, kazalika da ƙananan maganganu. A wannan matakin, ana buƙatar kulawa da likita, ba magani ba. An ba da izinin amfani da wakilai masu ƙarfi gaba ɗaya bisa ga shaidar kwararrun.
• Maganin retinpathy na preproliferative. A wannan matakin, an lura da bayyanar tasoshin da yawa tare da karuwar ganuwar, da kuma maganganun cututtukan jini da yawa a cikin asusun. Ingancin hangen nesa ke raguwa sannu a hankali, kuma saurin irin waɗannan canje-canjen ya kasance mutum ɗaya ne.
• Proliferative retinopathy cuta ce mai raunin gani na aikin gani. An kwatanta shi da yawancin illolin da keɓantaccen rufaffen kayan kwalliya, da kuma cututtukan jini na ƙananan tasoshin da ke samar da ƙwallon ido. A wannan matakin, haɓakar tasoshin jirgi na al'ada ba tare da wata matsala ba, wanda ganuwar ta yi kauri sosai kuma aikin abinci ba shi da kyau.

Sakamakon ƙarshen glycemia wanda ba a sarrafa shi ba shine matakai na jijiyoyin cuta a cikin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta, kashin baya da kuma cikakkiyar makanta. Ana iya rigakafin cutar ta hanyar binciken ido na yau da kullun, da kuma daidaita matakan sukari na jini.

Abubuwan haɗari

Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar fata na ciwon kansa yana bayyana kanta a cikin matakai daban-daban a kusan dukkanin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari. Abin da ya sa ya zama dole a kai a kai likita don sarrafa hangen nesa da kuma bincika yanayin yanayin ocular. Ga duk wani haƙƙi da aka gano, yana da kyau a kula da yin rigakafi da lura da alamun damuwa a gaba. Barazanar hangen nesa yana ƙaruwa idan ƙarin dalilai marasa kyau suka kasance.

Abin da ƙara damar da bayyanuwar cutar:

• Rashin “tsalle-tsalle” cikin sukari na jini;
• Hawan jini;
• Shan taba da sauran munanan halaye;
• Pathology na kodan da hanta;
• Ciki da lokacin ciyar da jariri;
• Canje-canje masu dangantaka da shekaru;
• Tsarin kwayoyin halitta.

Yawancin ciwon sukari shima yana tasiri bayyanuwar cutar. An yi imani cewa matsalolin hangen nesa suna bayyana kamar shekaru 15 zuwa 20 bayan kamuwa da cuta, amma akwai wasu banbancen. A cikin samartaka, lokacin da rashin daidaituwa na hormonal shima ya danganta da alamun cututtukan ciwon sukari, haɓakar ciwon sukari na iya faruwa a cikin 'yan watanni. Wannan alama ce mai matukar firgita, saboda a cikin irin wannan yanayi, har ma da kulawa da kulawa akai-akai, haɗarin makanta a cikin manya yana da girma.

Alamomin cutar

Matakin farko na cutar ana bayyana shi ta hanyar bayyanar asymptomatic, wanda ke rikita yanayin ganewar asali da kulawa da ta dace. Yawancin lokaci gunaguni na lalacewar aikin gani yana zuwa a mataki na biyu ko na uku, lokacin da lalata ya kai babban ma'auni.

Babban alamun maganin retinopathy:

• Ido mai hangen nesa, musamman ma a cikin yankin na gaba;
• Bayyanar "kwari" a gaban idanun;
• Tsarin jini a cikin jiki;
• Matsalar karatu;
• Jin gajiya da rauni a idanu;
• Mayafin mayafi ko inuwa da ke shudewa da hangen nesa na al'ada.

A wannan yanayin, lallai ne ya kamata ku ziyarci likita - likitan mahaifa. Idan akwai tuhuma game da ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa, zai fi kyau zaɓi ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana - likitan mahaifa - retinologist. Irin wannan likita ƙwararre ne a cikin marasa lafiya da aka gano tare da ciwon sukari mellitus kuma zai taimaka wajen ƙayyade yanayin canje-canje daidai.

Binciko

Ayyade cutar mai sauki ne tare da binciken mutum da kuma tambayar mai haƙuri.

A cikin cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da yawa, ya zama kyakkyawan tsari ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari don aika su don binciken yau da kullun na ƙwararrun kwararru.

Mafi sau da yawa, ciwon sukari mellitus yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cututtukan idanu, tsarin cututtukan zuciya, kodan da rikicewar jijiyoyin ƙananan ƙananan jijiyoyin. Bayyanar lokaci na matsaloli zai taimaka wajen saka idanu akan yanayin mai haƙuri da kariya daga ci gaba da mummunan rikice-rikice.

Yaya karatun yake:

1. Specialistwararren masanin ya gudanar da binciken yanayin wuraren - kallon wuraren. Wannan ya wajaba don tantance yanayin retina a cikin wurare na gefe.
2. Idan ya cancanta, bincika hanyoyin electrophysiological. Zai ƙayyade yiwuwar ƙwayar jijiya na retina da kayan aiki na gani.
3. Tonometry shine gwargwadon matsa lamba na ciki. Tare da ƙara yawan kuɗi, haɗarin rikitarwa yana ƙaruwa.
4. Ophthalmoscopy bincike ne na ƙungiyar. Ana aiwatar da shi akan na'ura na musamman, tsarin mara jin zafi da sauri.
5. Ana yin nazarin duban dan tayi na saman ido idan ya zama dole domin sanin ci gaban cututtukan fata da kuma zub da jini. Hakanan ana bincika tasoshin da ke ciyar da kayan ocular.
6. Murmushin mahaifa na gani shine mafi inganci don tantance tsarin aikin na gani. Yana ba ku damar ganin edema macular, ba a bayyane yayin bincike na sirri tare da ruwan tabarau.

Don ci gaba da aikin gani na tsawon shekaru, masu haƙuri da ciwon sukari yakamata suyi gwajin aikin likita a kalla a kowane watanni shida. Wannan zai taimaka wajen ƙaddamar da aikin da ya fara a farkon matakan da kuma hana mummunan ciwo.

Ciwon sukari na Rashin Ciwon Jiki

Mafi kyawun maganin warkarwa ya dogara da matakin lalacewa, har da halayen mutum na mai haƙuri. Magunguna, azaman doka, an wajabta su kawai don kula da yanayin al'ada na kayan ƙwanƙwasa, da kuma murmurewa daga hanyoyin. Ba a amfani da magunguna da aka yi amfani dasu don maganin jijiyoyin jini a halin yanzu, saboda an tabbatar da yawan sakamako masu illa da ƙarancin tasiri. Hanyoyin gyaran idanu da aka saba amfani dasu wadanda tuni suka tabbatar da ingancinsu

Laser retagu coagulation

-Arancin rauni da kuma ingantaccen aiki. A wannan matakin a cikin ci gaban magani, wannan shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don gyaran hangen nesa a cikin maganin ciwon sukari. Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar ta amfani da maganin kashe maganin motsa jiki na cikin gida na saukad da shi, baya buƙatar shiri da hankali da kuma tsawon lokacin murmurewa. Shawarwarin yau da kullun suna buƙatar jarrabawar farko, idan ya cancanta, magani a asibiti bayan hanyar da kuma lokacin hutu bayan tsoma bakin. Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar ne a wani aiki na musamman, wanda tare da taimakon Laser na katako wanda yake jagorantar aikin shine ya sanya jiragen ruwa da suka lalace kuma ya samar da hanyoyin da zasu bi don samar da abinci mai gina jiki.

Hanyar tana ɗaukar kusan rabin sa'a, mara lafiya ba ya jin zafi da rashin jin daɗi mai mahimmanci. A wannan yanayin, ba a buƙatar ɗaukar asibiti na mara lafiya ba, saboda ana yin aikin ne bisa tsarin kulawa da marasa lafiya. Abubuwan da ba su dace ba kawai na coagulation na laser shine bincike don ƙwararrun ƙwararrun likita da isasshen kayan aiki na cibiyoyin likita. Ba kowane asibiti yana da irin wannan kayan aiki ba, don haka mazaunan wurare masu nisa dole su ƙara yin la'akari da farashin kuɗin.

Gyaran ido

A wasu halaye, tasiri na coagulation na laser na iya zama ƙasa, don haka ana amfani da wani madadin - aikin tiyata. Ana kiranta vitrectomy kuma ana yin ta a ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci na gaba daya. Asalinsa shine cirewar membranes mai lalacewa, jiki mara nauyi da gyara jijiyoyin bugun gini. Wurin da yakamata na retina a cikin qwallon ido da kuma yadda za'a iya sake dawo da yanayin jijiyoyin bugun gini kuma an dawo dasu

Lokacin gyarawa yana ɗaukar makonni da yawa kuma yana buƙatar magani na gaba. Suna taimakawa wajen rage kumburi, hana ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan da suke da matsala da rikice-rikice. Duk da cewa wannan hanya takaddara ce mai rikitarwa, wani lokacin takaddara ce wacce take zama hanya daya tilo da za'a magance cutar sikari.

Zaɓin hanyar da ya dace na gyaran hangen nesa don maganin cututtukan mahaifa ana aiwatar da su gwargwadon halayen mutum na haƙuri. ya kamata a lura cewa ba shi yiwuwa a sami cikakkiyar magani, sabili da haka, irin waɗannan tsoma baki suna samar da jinkirin tafiyar matakai na gani a cikin ido. Wataƙila a cikin 'yan shekarun nan mai haƙuri zai sake buƙatar irin wannan maganin, don haka tafiye-tafiye zuwa likitan likitan ido bayan aikin nasara ba a soke shi ba.

Yin rigakafin cututtukan ciwon sukari

Duk da irin yanayin da ake ciki da kusan babu makawa irin wannan cuta a cikin marassa lafiyar da aka gano tare da cutar sankarau, ana kuma samar da hanyoyin rigakafin. Da farko dai, suna da alaƙa da isasshen ikon sarrafa sukari na jini, amma akwai wasu abubuwa masu kamshi.

Menene zai taimaka wajen hana ci gaba da cutar:

• Matakan don daidaita jinin jini. Wannan zai taimaka rage nauyin a kan jiragen kuma ya kare su daga tsaffi.
• Gwada na yau da kullun daga likitan mahaifa. Ga masu ciwon sukari, wannan ya zama kyakkyawan al'ada, ziyarar ya kamata a kalla sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida. Idan an lura da alamun damuwa na faduwa a aikin gani ba zato ba tsammani, yakamata ku ziyarci kwararrun kwararru.
• Gudanar da sukari na jini. Wannan zai taimaka wajen gujewa rikice rikice masu yawa, gami da haɓakar ciwon sukari.
• Musun munanan halaye. An tabbatar da illolin cutar siga da barasa akan lafiyar jijiyoyin jiki.
• Ana iya samun aiki a zahiri kuma yana tafiya cikin sabo iska. Abubuwan da ke faruwa na yau da kullun na matsalolin hangen nesa shine ɗaukar dogon lokaci zuwa kwamfuta ko TV.

Tsinkaya ga marasa lafiya da masu fama da ciwon sukari

Tsammani rayuwa da adana aikin gani kai tsaye ya dogara da matakin lalacewar ido, shekaru da tsawon lokacin ciwon sukari. Yana da matukar wahala a gano asali yayin ɓace, saboda takamaiman alamun masu haƙuri ya kamata a la'akari da shi. Bugu da ƙari, tare da maganin ciwon sukari, ana tantance lalacewar sauran gabobin da tsarin ta amfani da hanyoyin duniya daban-daban. A matsakaici, haɓakar retinopathy yana faruwa shekaru 10 zuwa 15 bayan ƙaddara na ciwon sukari mellitus, da sakamako mara jituwa (ba tare da sahihancin kula da sukari na jini da magani ba) shima yana faruwa a wannan lokacin.

Yawancin lokaci, rikitarwa na wannan yanayin ana iya kiranta kasancewar cututtukan concomitant da pathologies. Ciwon sukari ya cutar da dukkanin gabobin ciki da tsarin jikin mutum, amma aikin gani yana wahala da fari. Tare da saka idanu akai-akai game da sukari da abinci mai kyau na mai haƙuri, irin waɗannan alamu bazai iya bayyana na dogon lokaci ba, amma bisa ga ƙididdiga a cikin masu ciwon sukari, an rubuta rikicewar gani a kusan 88 - 93% na lokuta.

Rashin ciwon sukari shine mafi yawan rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari. A ƙarƙashin tasirin canje-canje a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, aikin tasoshin da ke samar da kayan motsi ya lalace, wanda hakan ke haifar da basur da tsarin jijiyoyin idanu. Cutar ba ta bayyana kanta a farkon matakin ba, saboda haka yawancin marasa lafiya suna zuwa likita tuni tare da matakan da ba a iya warwarewa ba. Don hana wannan faruwa, kuna buƙatar ziyarci likitan likitan ido a kai a kai don bincika hangen nesa da kuma bincika akan tantanin ido.