Cutar sankarau a cikin yara cuta ce mai hatsarin gaske wacce take shafar duk tsarin jikin mutum zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana gano wannan cutar ta endocrine a cikin yara maza da mata daga shekara 1 zuwa shekaru 11, amma hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankara ya fi yawa musamman a cikin yara kanana.
Yara 7-8 da ke fama da ciwon sukari ba sau da yawa fiye da manya, amma a wannan zamani wannan cuta tana da haɓaka mai saurin ci gaba kuma sau da yawa tana gudana cikin mummunan yanayi. Muhimmin mahimmanci ga cin nasara ga cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin yara shine ganewar asali, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta ya dogara da halayyar iyaye na ɗan su.
Amma sau da yawa koda lura da alamun rashin lafiya a cikin 'yarsu ko ɗansu, iyaye ba za su iya sanin ainihin abin da ke haddasa shi ba, saboda ba su san ainihin alamun cutar sankarau ba a cikin yara 8 da haihuwa. A halin yanzu, wannan bayanin zai iya kare yaron daga mummunan rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, wani lokacin kuma ya ceci ransa.
Dalilai
An makarantar firamare a cikin mafi yawan lokuta suna haifar da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari. Babban abin da ya haifar da wannan cutar wani cin zarafi ne da ke tattare da asirin kwayoyin halittar, wanda ana iya samara da shi cikin isasshen adadin ko kuma ba za a iya samarwa da komai ba.
Sakamakon karancin insulin, jikin yaron ba zai iya daukar glucose ba, saboda haka ana adana girmansa a cikin jini kuma yana haifar da cututtukan zuciya, jijiyoyin jini, kodan, gabobin hangen nesa, fata da sauran wasu gabobin ciki da tsarin.
An yi imanin cewa babban dalilin cutar sankarau a cikin yara masu shekaru 8 shine tsinkayar gado. Don haka a cikin yara waɗanda mahaifiyarsu ke fama da ciwon sukari, haɗarin kamuwa da wannan cutar ya karu da kashi 7%, idan mahaifin ba shi da lafiya - da kashi 9%, kuma idan iyayen biyu - da kashi 30%.
Koyaya, gado baiyi nisa da kawai sanadin cutar sankarau a lokacin ƙuruciya. Akwai wasu dalilai da zasu iya tayar da ci gaban wannan cuta a cikin yara na yara da makarantar firamare. A cikin yaro yana da shekaru 8, irin wannan mummunan rushewar tsarin endocrine, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana haɓaka sakamakon waɗannan dalilai masu zuwa:
- Canja wurin cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri;
- Rashin karfin garkuwar jiki;
- Cututtukan autoimmune;
- Nauyin haihuwa sama da 4500 g;
- Yawancin nauyin wucewa na wannan nau'in shekaru;
- Wuce kima daga tunanin mutum ko damuwa ta jiki;
- Abincin da ba shi da lafiya tare da mahimmancin abinci mai narkewa, wanda ke haifar da rikice-rikice na rayuwa.
Kwayar cutar
Gane ciwon sukari a farkon lokacin yaro na shekaru 8 aiki ne mai wahalar gaske ga mutum. A wannan mataki na cutar, kusan mai haƙuri ba shi da alamun alamun haɓakar sukari mai haɓaka, wanda kawai ke nunawa kawai ta cutar malalata da tabarbarewar yanayin tunanin yaran.
Koyaya, yawancin iyaye suna danganta wannan gajiya ta makaranta ko halin da suke ciki. Yana da mahimmanci cewa yaron da kansa bai iya fahimtar abin da ke faruwa da shi ba don haka bai yi hanzarin yin gunaguni game da lafiyar mahaifansa da mahaifinsa ba.
Amma a farkon matakin ne ya fi sauƙi don samun diyya mai inganci ga masu ciwon sukari don haka hana haɓakar rikice-rikice wanda ke haɓaka musamman a cikin yara.
Alamomin farkon cutar sankara a cikin yara 'yan shekaru 8:
- Karin gumi;
- Hare-hare na rawar jiki a kafafu, musamman a hannu;
- Yawan juyawa yanayi, yawan tashin hankali, hawaye;
- Jin damuwa, tsoro mara amfani, phobias.
Tare da haɓakar ciwon sukari, alamunta sun zama sananne ga iyaye. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa a cikin yara alamun sukarin jini mai yawa na iya zama mara nauyi kuma ba mai tsananin ƙarfi ba. Bayyanannun alamun bayyanar cutar sankarau sun nuna cewa cutar ta shiga cikin matsanancin mataki kuma yanayin yarinyar tana kusa da coma mai ciwon sukari.
Bayyanar cutar siga a cikin ɗalibai matasa a cikin matakan da suka gabata:
- Babban ƙishirwa. Sick yaro mara lafiya na iya shan ruwa daga lita 2 na ruwa ko ƙari a rana;
- Akai-akai da cinikin urination. Yaron koyaushe yana zuwa banɗaki, yakan tashi sau da yawa a dare, sau da yawa yakan nemi darasi. Wasu yara na iya ma samun kwanciya;
- Jin yunwa na yau da kullun. Abubuwan da yaran suke ci yana ƙaruwa da yawa, wanda aka nuna shi a cikin kullun sha'awar samun abin da za su ci. Lokacin abinci, yaro zai iya cin manyan rabo;
- Rashin nauyi mai nauyi. Duk da karuwar ci, yaro a hankali yana asarar nauyi a jiki.
- Asedara yawan marmari don Sweets. Yaron da ke dauke da cutar sankara ya nuna tsananin sha'awar kayan maye, wanda da alama ya wuce kima har ya kai shekarun sa;
- Itching mai tsananin gaske akan fatar, musamman cinya da makwancin gwaiwa;
- Dogon warkarwa na koda ƙananan raunuka na fata, karuwar haɓakar kumburi da ƙosar da raunuka da tatsi;
- Ragewa cikin ƙwarewar gani;
- Bayyananniya akan fata na pustules;
- 'Yan mata na iya haɓaka ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (candidiasis);
- Cutar kumburi da hauhawar jinni na gumis;
- Girman hanta, wanda za'a iya gani akan palpation.
A mafi ƙarancin tuhuma game da ciwon sukari a cikin yaro, yakamata iyaye su kai shi zuwa ga endocrinologist kuma suyi duk gwaje-gwajen da suka dace. Babban abu shine kar a rasa lokacin da cutar ba ta da lokaci don haifar da lahani ga lafiyar yarinyar, kuma magani na iya haifar da ci gaba a cikin yanayin sa.
Idan bayyanannun abubuwan da ke bayyane na cututtukan sukari ba su da iyaye, to, tare da hanyar cutar a cikin yaro, haɗarin haɓakar haɓakawa haɓakawa yana ƙaruwa sosai. Wannan rikicewar ciwon sukari yana haifar da babban haɗari ga yaro kuma yana iya yin barazanar rayuwarsa.
Cutar hawan jini mai yawa tana buƙatar asibiti na haƙuri da haƙuri kuma ana kulawa da ita sau da yawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin kulawa mai zurfi. Alamomin da ke biyo baya suna nuna ci gaban haɓakar haɓaka a cikin yaro:
- Convulsions, musamman na sama da na ƙarshen ƙarshen;
- Rage cikin karfin jini;
- Kayan bugun zuciya;
- Babban ƙishirwa;
- Nessarfin bushewar fata da fitsarin mucous;
- Ciwon ciki da amai;
- Zawo gudawa
- Profwararru sosai urination;
- Jin zafi a ciki;
- Rashin sani.
Tare da gano ciwon sukari a cikin yaro a ƙarshen zamani, hadarin kamuwa da cuta yana da matukar girma. Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa canje-canje a jikin yaron a ƙarƙashin rinjayar sukari mai hawan jini yawanci ba a canzawa.
Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don hana mummunan sakamako na ciwon sukari, gami da ƙari da cututtukan concomitant.
Jiyya
Ciwon sukari mellitus ya kasance cuta mai warkewa don haka yana buƙatar magani na tsawon rai. Tushen gwagwarmayar cutar kanjamau a yara shine maganin insulin. Yana taimakawa wajen daidaita sukarin jini da haɓaka shan glucose a cikin jikin yaron.
Don lura da ciwon sukari a cikin yara, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin gajere ko insulin-ins-ins. An shigar dasu cikin jikin yaron sau biyu a rana don kwata na awa daya kafin abinci. Yawan sashin insulin a cikin lura da cututtukan siga na yara ya kasance daga raka'a 20 zuwa 40 kuma wani likitan endocrinologist ne ya tsara shi ga kowane mai haƙuri daban-daban.
Yayin da yaro ya girma, kashi na farko na insulin ya kamata a ƙara haɓaka, amma likitan halartar ne yakamata ya yi wannan. Canji mai zaman kansa a sashi na iya haifar da sakamako masu haɗari, waɗanda suka fi tsanani daga cikinsu shine rashin lafiyar haila.
Wani mahimmin sashi na sarrafa ciwon sukari a cikin yaran makarantan firamare shine tsananin riko da abinci. Iyaye su tabbatar cewa yaron bai ci fiye da 380-400 g na carbohydrates a rana ba. Don wannan, duk abincin mai-carb ya kamata a cire shi gaba ɗaya daga abincin mai haƙuri.
A cikin ciwon sukari, yaro an rarraba shi sosai a cikin burodi da sauran kayan abincin da aka yi da farin gari, dankali, shinkafa, semolina, taliya da, ba shakka, kowane nau'in lewi. Bugu da kari, yakamata ku ƙi shan giya, gami da ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
Tare da ciwon sukari, kowane nau'in kayan lambu sabo, har da berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa mara amfani, musamman citrus da zaki da iri iri dake apples, suna da amfani sosai ga yaro. Amfani da ayaba, innabi, peach da apricots ya kamata a watsar da su.
Hakanan, ana iya haɗa buckwheat da garin oatmeal, da hatsi na hatsi na manyan niƙa a cikin abincin yaran. An hana shi sosai don ciyar da yaron da kayan yaji, mai yaji, mai da kiba mai ɗimbin abinci, musamman mare da kayan miya. Abincin abinci na karamin mai haƙuri ya kamata ya zama mai cikakken cin abinci.
Tare da ciwon sukari, yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a bar yaro ya kwana da yunwa, don haka mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ci abinci sau da yawa, amma a cikin ƙananan rabo. Ana ɗaukar abinci na tsawon lokaci-shida don yara masu fama da ciwon sukari, waɗanda suka haɗa da karin kumallo, abincin rana, abincin rana, abincin ciye-ciye na yamma, abincin dare, da ƙaramin abun ciye-ciye kafin lokacin bacci.
Don kiyaye matakan sukari na jini tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada, yana da matukar amfani ga yaro ya shiga cikin wasanni daban-daban. Yayin motsa jiki, jikin yaron yana haɗuwa da glucose da ƙwazo, wanda ke taimakawa rage girman hankali a cikin jini.
Koyaya, ayyukan motsa jiki kada su yi nauyi sosai saboda kar su shayar da yaro mara lafiya. Aiki na jiki yakamata ya ba ɗan haƙuri haƙuri, ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfafawar gaba ɗaya kuma ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi.
Muhimmin mahimmanci don tabbatar da cikakken rayuwa ga yaro mara lafiya taimako ne na ɗan lokaci. Yawancin yara da ke fama da ciwon sukari suna da wahala yin amfani da su don canje-canje na kwatsam a rayuwarsu kuma suna iya jin rashin tsaro, musamman idan suna tattaunawa tare da takwarorinsu na lafiya.
Bukatar barin yawancin samfuran da aka saba da su da kuma buƙatar maganin insulin sau da yawa yana haifar da rikice-rikice masu rikitarwa waɗanda ke hana yaro daga sadarwa koyaushe tare da sauran yara da yin sabbin abokai.
“Makarantu masu ciwon sukari” na musamman waɗanda ke aiki a cikin manyan biranen ƙasarmu na iya taimakawa yaro ya daidaita da sababbin yanayi. Suna koyar da darussan rukuni don yara da iyayensu, a cikin lokacin da ba za su iya koya ƙarin bayani game da ciwon sukari ba, har ma da sanin wasu yara masu ciwon sukari.
Irin wannan masaniyar zai taimaka wa yaron ya fahimci cewa ba shi kaɗai ba ne a cikin matsalar sa, kuma iyayensa za su yarda cewa tare da ciwon sukari za ku iya rayuwa mai tsawo da kuma gamsarwa. Ga yara marasa lafiya da iyayensu, yana da matukar muhimmanci a daina kula da kamuwa da cutar siga a matsayin magana. Cutar sankarau ba ta warkarwa, amma tare da kyakkyawan magani ba zai hana mutum yin cikakken rayuwa ba.
Abin da alamun ke nuna ci gaban ciwon sukari a cikin yara zai gaya wa gwani a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
