Hawan jini babban cuta ne wanda hawan jini yake yayi yawa wanda har yakai ga kulawa da mutum shine mafi mahimmanci. Fa'idodin magani sun fi girma daga lahani daga sakamako masu illa a cikin wannan yanayin.
Tare da hauhawar jini na 140/90 da sama, ya wajaba a nemi likita kai tsaye. Haɓakar hauhawar jini sau da yawa yana haifar da yiwuwar bugun jini, bugun zuciya, makanta kwatsam, gazawar yara da sauran munanan cututtukan da ba za a iya musanyawa ba.
Matsakaicin matsin lamba na jini don nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari 2 ya ragu zuwa Hg 130/85 mm. Art. Idan matsin lambar mai haƙuri ya fi girma, to dole ne a ɗauki dukkan matakan don rage shi.
Hawan jini a cikin nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari 2 yana da haɗari sosai. Idan kuma ana lura da hauhawar jini a cikin mellitus na ciwon sukari, to damar yiwuwar bayyanar irin waɗannan cututtukan yana ƙaruwa:
- haɗarin bugun zuciya yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar 3-5;
- Sau 3-4 na kara hadarin bugun jini;
- 10-20 sau yiwuwar makanta na iya faruwa;
- 20-25 sau - gazawar renal;
- Sau 20 sau mafi yawa ga baron ya bayyana tare da rabuwa da wata gabar jiki.
A lokaci guda, za a iya daidaita matsin lamba, idan har cutar koda ba ta shiga wani mawuyacin mataki ba.
Me yasa ciwon sukari yana haɓaka hauhawar jini
Bayyanar hauhawar jijiyoyin jini a cikin nau'in mellitus na 1 ko 2 na iya zama saboda dalilai daban-daban. A cikin 80% na lokuta tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, hauhawar jini yana faruwa bayan cutar sankarar hanta, wato lalacewar koda.
Hauhawar jini a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana bayyana a cikin mutum sosai fiye da rikice-rikice na metabolism metabolism da ciwon sukari kanta.
Hauhawar jini shine ɗayan abubuwan syndromes na rayuwa, fili ne bayyananne game da ciwon sukari na 2.
Da ke ƙasa su ne manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanuwar hauhawar jini da mitar su cikin sharuɗɗan kashi:
- Primary ko hawan jini - 10%
- Keɓewar cututtukan ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar cuta - daga 5 zuwa 10%
- Cutar amai da gudawa (aikin na keɓaɓɓen aiki) - 80%
- Sauran cututtukan endocrine - 1-3%
- Cutar masu fama da ciwon sukari - 15-20%
- Rashin hauhawar jini saboda raunin jijiyoyin nakasa da yawa - daga 5 zuwa 10%
Kwayar cututtukan ƙwayar cutar systolic shine matsala ta kowa ga marasa lafiyar tsofaffi.
Na biyu mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan cuta shine pheochromocytoma. Bugu da kari, cutar ta Hisenko-Cushing, ta farko watau hyperaldosteronism, da dai sauransu na iya bayyana.
Mahimmancin hauhawar jini cuta ce takamaiman cuta wacce ake magana game da lokacin da likita ba zai iya gano dalilin karuwar hawan jini ba. Idan akwai kiba mai yawa a tare da hauhawar jini, to sanadin hakan shine wataƙila rashin jituwa ga carbohydrates na abinci tare da haɓaka matakin insulin a cikin jini.
Ta wata hanyar, cuta ce ta rayuwa wanda za'a iya bi dashi da fahimta. Yiwuwar samun faruwar hakan shima yayi yawa:
- karancin magnesium a jiki;
- matsananciyar damuwa da bacin rai;
- guba tare da cadmium, Mercury ko gubar;
- kunkuntar babban jijiya saboda atherosclerosis.
Babban fasali na Babban Matsi na Cutar Rana 1
Increaseara yawan matsin lamba a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari sau da yawa yana faruwa saboda lalacewar koda, i.e., nephropathy ne mai ciwon sukari. Wannan rikitarwa yana faruwa ne a kusan kashi 35-40% na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1. Zedarfin halayen yana halin matakai da yawa:
- mataki na microalbuminuria. Kwayoyin sunadarin Albumin sun bayyana a cikin fitsari;
- matakin proteinuria. Kodan suna yin matattara mara kyau da muni, kuma manyan sunadarai suna fitowa a cikin fitsari;
- mataki na kullum na koda gazawar.
Masana kimiyya bayan dogon bincike sun kammala da cewa kashi 10% ne kawai na marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1 ba su da cutar koda.
20% na marasa lafiya a matakin microalbuminuria sun riga sun sami lahani na koda. Kimanin kashi 50-70% na mutanen da ke fama da matsalar koda na fama da matsalar koda. Janar mulki: mafi yawan furotin da ke cikin fitsari, hakan ya ninka karfin jini a cikin mutum.
A waje da lalacewar koda, hauhawar jini ke tasowa saboda kodan baya cire sodium da kyau a fitsari. A tsawon lokaci, yawan sodium a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa kuma ya narke shi, ƙwayar ta tara. Yawan wuce kima na yaduwar jini yana kara karfin jini.
Idan, saboda ciwon sukari mellitus, matakin glucose na jini ya hauhawa, to ya zana ruwan mafi girma har jini ya yi kauri sosai.
Cutar koda da hauhawar jini suna haifar da mummunan tashin hankali. Jikin ɗan adam yana ƙoƙarin yin wata hanya don rama don aikin koda mai rauni, saboda haka hawan jini ya tashi.
Hakanan, karfin jini yana kara matsa lamba a cikin glomeruli, wato, abubuwanda aka tantance a cikin wadannan gabobin. Sakamakon haka, glomeruli yana rushewa na tsawon lokaci, kuma kodan na aiki sosai.
Hawan jini da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2
Da dadewa kafin bayyanar wata cuta mai saurin farawa, kan aiwatar da juriya daga insulin. Wanda ke nufin abu ɗaya - hankali na nama zuwa insulin ya ragu. Don rama ƙarfin juriya na insulin, akwai yawan insulin a cikin jini, wanda a cikin shi yana ƙaruwa da hawan jini.
A tsawon lokaci, ƙwanƙwaran jijiyoyin jiki na narkewa saboda atherosclerosis, wanda ya zama wani mataki a haɓakar hauhawar jini.
A wannan yanayin, mutum yana girma kiba a ciki, shine ajiyar kitse a kugu. Adadin nama yana fitar da wasu abubuwa a cikin jini, suna ƙaruwa da haɓakar jini har ma da ƙari.
Wannan tsari yawanci ƙare tare da gazawar renal. A farkon farkon cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, duk wannan za'a iya dakatar da shi idan an kula da shi da kyau.
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine rage yawan sukari a cikin jini zuwa al'ada. Diuretics, masu hana masu karɓar angiotensin, masu hana ACE zasu taimaka.
Wannan hadadden rikice-rikice ana kiranta syndrome metabolism. Saboda haka, hauhawar jini yana haɓaka da wuri fiye da ciwon sukari na 2. Yawancin lokaci ana samun hauhawar jini a cikin mara lafiya nan da nan. Abincin mai ƙanƙantar da carb ga masu ciwon sukari yana taimakawa sarrafa duka cututtukan type 2 da hauhawar jini.
Hyperinsulinism yana nufin ƙara haɗuwa da insulin a cikin jini, wanda shine martani ga juriya na insulin. Lokacin da glandon yake buƙatar samar da insulin da ya wuce kima, to sai ya fara rushewa mai tsanani.
Bayan gland shine yake daina fama da ayyukanta, a dabi'ance, sukarin jini yana karuwa sosai kuma nau'in ciwon sukari 2 ya bayyana.
Yadda daidai ne hyperinsulinism ke haɓaka hawan jini:
- kunna tsarin juyayi mai juyayi;
- kodan baya fitsari cikin ruwa da sodium tare da fitsari;
- alli da sodium sun fara tarawa a cikin sel;
- wuce haddi na insulin yana tsoratar da ganuwar bangon jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke haifar da raguwa a cikin tsawan su.
Mahimman fasali na hauhawar jini a cikin cutar sankara
Gabanin tushen ciwon sukari, rushewar dabi'ar canji a hawan jini. Da safe, al'ada kuma da dare yayin bacci, mutum yana da matsin lamba na 10-20% ƙasa da lokacin farkawa.
Ciwon sukari yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa a yawancin marasa lafiya da daddare matsanancin matsin lamba ya hauhawa. Tare da haɗuwa da ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini, matsin lamba na dare har ma ya fi karfin matsin rana.
Likitoci sun ba da shawarar cewa irin wannan rashin lafiyar ta bayyana ne sakamakon ciwon suga da ke fama da cutar siga. Babban taro na sukari a cikin jini yana haifar da rikicewar tsarin juyayi wanda ke daidaita jikin mutum. Sabili da haka, ikon tasoshin don daidaita sautin yana raguwa - don shakata da kunkuntar daga adadin nauyin.
Yana da mahimmanci a sani cewa tare da haɗarin ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini, ana buƙatar ƙarin ma'aunin matsa lamba guda tare da tonometer. Amma akai-akai saka idanu. Dangane da sakamakon binciken, an daidaita matakan magunguna da lokacin gudanarwarsu.
Kamar yadda al'adar ke nunawa, mutanen da ke da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari guda biyu galibi ba za su iya yin haƙuri da ciwo ba fiye da masu fama da cutar haɓaka. Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙuntata gishiri na iya samun babban tasirin warkarwa.
A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, yana da daraja ƙoƙarin cin ƙarancin gishiri don cire hawan jini. A cikin wata guda sakamakon kokarin zai kasance bayyane.
Maganin symbiosis na hawan jini da ciwon sukari galibi rikitarwa ne ta hanyar orthostatic hypotension. Don haka, hawan jini na mai haƙuri yana raguwa sosai yayin motsawa daga matsayin kwance zuwa matsayi na tsaye ko zaune.
Rashin lafiyar Orthostatic cuta ce da ke faruwa bayan mutum ba tsammani ya canza matsayin jikinsa. Misali, tare da tashi mai kaifi, tsananin farin ciki, lambobin lissafi a gaban idanun, kuma a wasu halaye ma, na iya bayyana.
Wannan matsala ta bayyana saboda ci gaban neuropathy na ciwon sukari. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa tsarin juyayi na mutum yana rasa ikon sarrafa sautin jijiyoyin jiki a tsawon lokaci.
Lokacin da mutum ya canza wuri da sauri, nauyin zai hau sosai. Amma jiki ba ya haɓaka yawan zubar da jini nan da nan, saboda haka dizzness da sauran bayyanannun bayyanannun marasa amfani na iya faruwa.
Tsarin jini na Orthostatic zai ba da wahala sosai game da jiyya da kuma gano cutar hawan jini. A cikin ciwon sukari, ana iya auna matsa lamba kawai a cikin matsayi biyu: kwance da tsaye. Idan mai haƙuri yana da rikicewa, ya kamata ya tashi a hankali.
Rage Ciwon Cutar Rana
Mutanen da ke fama da hauhawar jini da ciwon suga suna da babban haɗarin rikicewar cututtukan zuciya.
An shawarce su don rage karfin zuwa 140/90 mm Hg. Art. a farkon wata, tare da kyakkyawar haƙuri ga kwayoyi. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari don rage matsin lamba zuwa 130/80.
Babban abu shine yadda mai haƙuri ya yarda da ilimin, kuma ko yana da sakamako. Idan haƙuri ya kasance karami, to mutum yana buƙatar saukar da matsa lamba a hankali, a matakai da yawa. A kowane mataki, kimanin kashi 10-15% na matakin matsin lamba na farko yana raguwa.
Tsarin yana ɗaukar makonni biyu zuwa huɗu. Bayan daidaitawa na mai haƙuri, sashi yana ƙaruwa ko adadin kwayoyi yana ƙaruwa.
Magungunan Ciwon Ciwon Ciwon sukari
Sau da yawa yana da wuya a zaɓi magungunan kwayar cutar matsin lamba ga mutumin da ke fama da ciwon sukari. Abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayar carbohydrate suna ƙuntatawa wasu takaddama game da amfani da wasu ƙwayoyi, gami da haɓaka hauhawar jini.
Lokacin zabar babban magani, likita yayi la'akari da matakin sarrafa mai haƙuri don kamuwa da cutar kansa, da kuma kasancewar cututtukan da ke haɗuwa, ban da hauhawar jini, hanya ɗaya kawai don adana magungunan ƙwayoyi.
Akwai manyan ƙungiyoyi na kwayoyi don matsa lamba, kamar yadda ƙarin kuɗi a matsayin ɓangare na jiyya gaba ɗaya sune:
- Allunan diuretic da magunguna - diuretics;
- Masu maganin kalson siliki, i.e. masu amfani da allunan tashar alli;
- Magunguna na aikin tsakiya;
- Masu tallata Beta;
- Masu hana karɓa na Angiotensin-II;
- ACE masu hanawa;
- Alfa adrenergic blockers;
- Rasilez shine mai hana renin hanawa.
Kwayoyin cutar sikari masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ya kamata su sami waɗannan kaddarorin:
- a rage yawan matsa lamba, amma kada a haifar da mummunan sakamako;
- kada ku lalata yawan sukari a cikin jini kuma kar ku yawaita yawan triglycerides da cholesterol "mara kyau";
- kare kodan da zuciya daga cutar da ke haifar da ciwon sukari da hawan jini.
Yanzu akwai rukuni takwas na magunguna don hauhawar jini, biyar daga cikinsu sune babba, ukun kuma ƙari ne. Allunan ana samun ƙarin groupsungiyoyin galibi ana umurtasu azaman ɓangaren haɗin maganin.
