Ka'idodin sukari na jini ba koyaushe bane koyaushe kuma yana iya bambanta, dangane da shekaru, lokaci na rana, abinci, aikin jiki, kasancewar yanayi mai damuwa.
Sigogin glucose na jini na iya ƙaruwa ko ragewa dangane da wata buƙata ta jiki. Wannan tsari mai rikitarwa yana sarrafawa ta hanyar insulin maganin tazara kuma, har zuwa wani abu, adrenaline.
Tare da rashin insulin a cikin jiki, tsari ya kasa, wanda ke haifar da rikicewar metabolism. Bayan wani lokaci, sai an samar da tsarin da ba zai iya canzawa ba na gabobin ciki.
Don tantance yanayin lafiyar mai haƙuri da hana haɓaka rikice-rikice, ya zama dole a bincika abubuwan glucose na jini a koyaushe.
Sugar 5.0 - 6.0
Matakan sukari na jini a cikin kewayon 5.0-6.0 raka'a ana ɗauka karɓaɓɓu ne. A halin yanzu, likita na iya zama da tsoro idan gwajin ya taho daga 5.6 zuwa 6.0 mmol / lita, saboda wannan na iya nuna alamar ci gaban da ake kira cutar kansa
- Matsakaicin da aka yarda da shi a cikin manya masu lafiya na iya kasancewa daga 3.89 zuwa 5.83 mmol / lita.
- Ga yara, kewayon daga 3.33 zuwa 5.55 mmol / lita an ɗauke shi a matsayin al'ada.
- Yawancin yara kuma yana da mahimmanci a la'akari: a cikin jarirai har zuwa wata daya, alamu suna iya kasancewa a cikin kewayon daga 2.8 zuwa 4.4 mmol / lita, har zuwa shekaru 14, bayanan yana daga 3.3 zuwa 5.6 mmol / lita.
- Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa tare da shekarun waɗannan bayanan sun zama mafi girma, sabili da haka, ga tsofaffi daga shekaru 60, matakan sukari na jini na iya zama sama da 5.0-6.0 mmol / lita, wanda aka yi la'akari da al'ada.
- A lokacin daukar ciki, mata na iya kara bayanai saboda canje-canjen hormonal. Ga mata masu juna biyu, sakamakon binciken daga 3.33 zuwa 6.6 mmol / lita ana ɗaukarsu al'ada ne.
Lokacin da aka gwada shi don maganin glucose na jini mai narkewa, al'ada ta atomatik yana ƙaruwa da kashi 12 cikin dari. Don haka, idan an yi bincike daga jijiya, bayanan na iya bambanta daga 3.5 zuwa 6.1 mmol / lita.
Hakanan, alamun za su iya bambanta idan kun dauki jini gaba ɗaya daga yatsa, jijiya ko plasma jini. A cikin mutane masu lafiya, ƙarancin glucose na jini yakai 6.1 mmol / lita.
Idan mace mai ciki ta dauki jini daga yatsa a kan komai a ciki, matsakaita bayanai na iya bambanta daga 3.3 zuwa 5.8 mmol / lita. A cikin nazarin jinin venous, alamomi na iya kasancewa daga 4.0 zuwa 6.1 mmol / lita.
Yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa a wasu yanayi, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu dalilai, sukari na iya ƙaruwa na ɗan lokaci.
Saboda haka, ƙara yawan bayanan glucose na iya:
- Aiki na jiki ko horo;
- Dogon aiki na hankali;
- M, tsoro ko m damuwa halin da ake ciki.
Baya ga cutar siga, cututtuka irin su:
- Kasancewar jin zafi da rawar jiki;
- Marancin infasawa na myocardial;
- Cirebral bugun jini;
- Kasancewar cututtukan ƙonewa;
- Raunin kwakwalwa;
- Aikin tiyata;
- Rikicin epilepsy;
- Kasancewar cututtukan hanta;
- Karaya da raunin da ya faru.
Wani lokaci bayan an dakatar da tasirin abin da ke haifar da damuwa, yanayin mai haƙuri ya koma al'ada.
Thearin yawan glucose a cikin jiki yana haɗuwa sau da yawa ba wai kawai tare da gaskiyar cewa mai haƙuri ya cinye carbohydrates mai yawa ba, amma har da nauyi mai ƙarfi na jiki. Lokacin da aka ɗora tsokoki, suna buƙatar makamashi.
Glycogen a cikin tsokoki yana canzawa zuwa glucose kuma yana ɓoye cikin jini, wanda ke haifar da karuwa cikin sukari jini. Sannan ana amfani da glucose don niyyarsa, da sukari bayan wani lokaci ya dawo al'ada.
Sugar 6.1 - 7.0
Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa a cikin mutane masu ƙoshin lafiya, ƙimar glucose a cikin farin jini ba ta ƙaruwa sama da 6.6 mmol / lita. Tunda tattarawar glucose a cikin jini daga yatsa ya fi yadda daga jijiya, jinin venous yana da alamomi daban-daban - daga 4.0 zuwa 6.1 mmol / lita ga kowane irin binciken.
Idan sukarin jini a kan komai a ciki ya fi 6.6 mmol / lita, likitan zai yi yawanci ya kamu da cutar sankara, wanda babban rauni ne na rayuwa. Idan bakuyi duk kokarin yin komai ba game da lafiyarku, mai haƙuri na iya haɓaka ciwon sukari na 2.
Tare da ciwon suga, matakin glucose a cikin jini a cikin komai a ciki shine daga 5.5 zuwa 7.0 mmol / lita, haemoglobin glycated yana daga kashi 5.7 zuwa 6.4. Oneaya daga cikin sa'o'i biyu ko biyu bayan shigowa, bayanan gwajin sukari na jini ya haɗu daga 7.8 zuwa 11.1 mmol / lita. Aƙalla ɗayan alamun sun isa su binciki cutar.
Don tabbatar da bayyanar cutar, mai haƙuri dole ne:
- yi gwajin jini na biyu don sukari;
- ɗauki gwajin haƙuri haƙuri
- bincika jini don glycosylated haemoglobin, saboda wannan hanya ana ɗauka mafi dacewa don gano ciwon sukari.
Hakanan, dole ne a la'akari da shekarun mai haƙuri a cikin, tunda a cikin bayanan tsufa daga 4.6 zuwa 6.4 mmol / lita ana ɗaukar su ne na yau da kullun.
Gabaɗaya, haɓaka sukari na jini a cikin mata masu juna biyu ba ya nuna alamun take hakki, amma kuma zai kasance lokaci don damuwa game da lafiyar kansu da lafiyar ɗan da ba a haife su ba.
Idan yayin daukar ciki yawan sukari yana ƙaruwa sosai, wannan na iya nuna haɓakar ciwon sukari na latent. Lokacin da aka yi haɗari, mace mai ciki ta yi rijista, bayan wannan an sanya ta don yin gwajin glucose jini da gwajin haƙuri glucose.
Idan tarawar glucose a cikin jinin mata masu juna biyu ya haura 6.7 mmol / lita, wataƙila matar tana da ciwon sukari. A saboda wannan dalili, yakamata a nemi likita kai tsaye idan mace tana da alamu kamar su:
- Jin busasshen bakin;
- M ƙishirwa;
- Urination akai-akai;
- M ji yunwa;
- Bayyanar halitosis;
- Samuwar sinadarin ƙarfe na acidic a cikin rami na baka.
- Bayyanar rauni na gaba daya da yawan gajiya;
- Hawan jini ya tashi.
Don hana faruwar cutar sankarar mahaifa, kuna buƙatar kulawa ta likita ta yau da kullun, ɗauka duk gwaje-gwajen da suka dace. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci kada a manta game da salon rayuwa mai lafiya, idan za ta yiwu, ki ƙi cin abinci sau da yawa tare da babban glycemic index, tare da babban abun ciki na carbohydrates mai sauƙi, tauraro.
Idan an dauki duk matakan da suka dace a kan kari, ciki zai wuce ba tare da matsaloli ba, za a haifi jariri mai lafiya da ƙarfi.
Sugar 7.1 - 8.0
Idan alamun da safe a kan komai a ciki a cikin manya sun kai 7.0 mmol / lita kuma mafi girma, likita zai iya da'awar haɓakar ciwon sukari.
A wannan yanayin, bayanai game da sukari na jini, ba tare da la'akari da ci abinci da lokaci ba, na iya kaiwa 11.0 mmol / lita kuma mafi girma.
A yayin da bayanan ke cikin kewayon daga 7.0 zuwa 8.0 mmol / lita, yayin da babu alamun bayyananniyar cutar, kuma likitan ya yi shakkar bayyanar cutar, an wajabta mai haƙuri don yin gwaji tare da kaya akan haƙuri mai haƙuri.
- Don yin wannan, mai haƙuri ya ɗauki gwajin jini don komai a ciki.
- 75 gram na tsarkakakken glucose an narke shi da ruwa a cikin gilashi, kuma dole ne mai haƙuri ya sha maganin da aka samo.
- Na awa biyu, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya huta, bai kamata ku ci ba, ku sha, shan taba da motsawa sosai. Sannan ya sake yin gwajin jini na biyu don sukari.
Wani gwajin makamancin wannan don haƙuri na glucose ya zama dole ga mata masu juna biyu a cikin tsakiyar lokacin. Idan, bisa ga sakamakon binciken, masu nuna alama sun haɗu daga 7.8 zuwa 11.1 mmol / lita, an yi imani cewa haƙurin haƙuri ya ɓaci, wato, haɓaka sukari yana ƙaruwa.
Lokacin da bincike ya nuna sakamako sama da 11,1 mmol / lita, an riga an bincikar da ciwon sukari.
Riskungiyar haɗarin don haɓakar ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu sun haɗa da:
- Mutane masu kiba;
- Marasa lafiya tare da matsin lamba na jini na 140/90 mm Hg ko sama;
- Mutanen da tasirin jini ya fi na al'ada;
- Matan da aka kamu da cutar sankara a lokacin daukar ciki, da kuma wadanda yaransu suka haihu da nauyin kilogram 4.5 ko fiye;
- Marasa lafiya tare da ƙwayar polycystic;
- Mutane masu ƙarancin gado game da ciwon sukari.
Don kowane lamari mai haɗari, ya zama dole a ɗauki gwajin jini don sukari aƙalla sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru uku, farawa daga shekaru 45.
Hakanan ya kamata a bincika yara masu ƙarancin shekaru fiye da 10 da haihuwa don sukari.
Sugar 8.1 - 9.0
Idan sau uku a jere gwajin sukari ya nuna sakamakon wuce kima, likitan ya binciki cututtukan sukari na farkon ko na biyu. Idan cutar ta fara, za a gano matakan glucose masu yawa, gami da cikin fitsari.
Baya ga magunguna masu rage sukari, an wajabta wa mai haƙuri tsaftataccen tsarin warkewa. Idan ya nuna cewa sukari yana tashi sosai bayan abincin dare, kuma waɗannan sakamakon sun ci gaba har zuwa lokacin bacci, kuna buƙatar sake bitar abincin ku. Mafi m, high-kabu abinci da aka contraindicated a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus ana amfani.
Za a iya lura da irin wannan yanayi idan a duk tsawon ranar da mutum bai ci abinci da kyau ba, amma da ya isa gida da yamma, sai ya hau kan abinci ya ci abinci mai yawa.
A wannan yanayin, don hana hauhawar sukari a cikin sukari, likitoci sun ba da shawarar cin abinci a ko'ina cikin rana a cikin ƙananan rabo. Bai kamata a bar yunwar ba, kuma yakamata a cire abubuwan abinci na carbohydrate daga menu na maraice.
Sugar 9.1 - 10
Consideredabi'a na glucose na jini daga raka'a 9.0 zuwa 10.0 ana ɗaukar darajar daraja. Tare da haɓaka bayanai sama da 10 mmol / lita, koda na mai ciwon sukari baya iya tsinkaye irin wannan taro na glucose. Sakamakon haka, sukari ya fara tarawa a cikin fitsari, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban glucosuria.
Saboda karancin carbohydrates ko insulin, kwayoyin masu ciwon sukari basa karbar adadin kuzarin da ake buƙata daga glucose, sabili da haka ana amfani da ajiyar mai maimakon maimakon "man" da ake buƙata. Kamar yadda kuka sani, jikin ketone abubuwa ne da aka kirkira sakamakon rushewar ƙwayoyin mai. Lokacin da matakan glucose na jini suka kai raka'a 10, kodan suna ƙoƙarin cire ƙwayar sukari daga jiki kamar yadda sharar fitsari tare da fitsari.
Don haka, ga masu ciwon sukari wanda sukarin da ke dauke da matakan jini da yawa sun zarce 10 mmol / lita, ya zama dole a yi nazarin fitsari don kasancewar abubuwan sinadarin ketone a ciki. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da tsaran gwaji na musamman, wanda aka ƙaddara kasancewar acetone a cikin fitsari.
Hakanan, ana yin irin wannan binciken idan mutum, ban da babban bayanai na fiye da 10 mmol / lita, ya ji mummunan rauni, zafin jikinsa ya ƙaru, yayin da mai haƙuri yana jin tashin zuciya, kuma ana lura da amai. Irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna ba da izinin gano lokaci na lalacewar cututtukan sukari da kuma hana cutar sikari.
Lokacin da rage yawan sukari na jini tare da magunguna masu rage sukari, motsa jiki, ko insulin, adadin acetone a cikin fitsari yana raguwa, kuma ƙarfin aiki na haƙuri da inganta rayuwar gaba ɗaya.
Sugar 10.1 - 20
Idan an gano digiri mai sauƙi na hyperglycemia da sukari na jini daga 8 zuwa 10 mmol / lita, to, tare da karuwa a cikin bayanai daga 10.1 zuwa 16 mmol / lita, an ƙaddara matsakaicin matsakaici, sama da 16-20 mmol / lita, digiri mai tsanani na cutar.
Wannan rarrabewar dangi yana wanzuwa don ya jagoranci likitocin da ake zargi da cutar hauka. Matsakaici da kuma digiri mai tsanani na zubar da cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara, wanda ke haifar da kowane nau'in rikitarwa na kullum.
Sanya manyan alamun da ke nuna yawan sukarin jini daga 10 zuwa 20 mmol / lita:
- Marasa lafiya yana fuskantar urination akai-akai, ana gano sukari a cikin fitsari. Saboda yawan haɗuwa da glucose a cikin fitsari, lilin a farjin maza ya zama sitaci.
- Haka kuma, saboda yawan asarar ruwa ta hanyar fitsari, mai ciwon sukari yana jin ƙishirwa mai ƙarfi da akai-akai.
- Akwai yawan bushewa a baki, musamman da daddare.
- Mai haƙuri yana yawan bacci, rauni da gajiya da sauri.
- Mai fama da ciwon sukari yana asarar nauyi a jiki.
- Wani lokacin mutum yana jin tashin zuciya, amai, ciwon kai, zazzabi.
Dalilin wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne sakamakon karancin insulin a cikin jiki ko kuma ƙarancin ƙwayoyin yin aiki akan insulin don amfani da sukari.
A wannan gaba, bakin ƙarar ya wuce sama 10 mmol / lita, zai iya kaiwa 20 mmol / lita, glucose yana cikin fitsari, wanda ke haifar da yawan urination.
Wannan yanayin yana haifar da asarar danshi da bushewar ruwa, kuma wannan shine ke haifar da ƙishirwa na masu ciwon suga. Tare tare da ruwan sha, ba kawai sukari yana fitowa daga jiki ba, har ma da kowane nau'in abubuwa masu mahimmanci, irin su potassium, sodium, chlorides, sakamakon haka, mutum yana jin rauni mai rauni kuma yana asara nauyi.
Yawan jini na jini, da sauri abubuwan da ke sama suna faruwa.
Ruwan jini sama da 20
Tare da irin waɗannan alamu, mai haƙuri yana jin alamun ƙarfi na hypoglycemia, wanda yakan haifar da asarar hankali. A gaban acetone na wani 20 mmol / lita kuma mafi girma ana samun sauƙin ganowa da ƙanshi. Wannan alama ce bayyananniya cewa ba a rama ciwon sukari kuma mutumin yana kan gabon cutar siga.
Bayyana rikice-rikice masu haɗari a cikin jiki ta amfani da waɗannan alamun:
- Sakamakon gwajin jini sama da 20 mmol / lita;
- An ji ƙanshin pungent na acetone daga bakin mai haƙuri;
- Da sauri mutum kan gajiya da jin rauni a koda yaushe;
- Ana lura da ciwon kai akai-akai;
- Mai haƙuri yana rasa abincinsa kuma yana jin ƙyamar abincin da aka miƙa;
- A cikin ciki, ana jin zafi;
- Mai ciwon sukari na iya jin tashin zuciya, amai da matattakala mai yiwuwa ne;
- Mai haƙuri yana jin motsin numfashi mai yawan gaske.
Idan akalla an gano alamun uku na ƙarshe, ya kamata kai tsaye nemi likita daga likita.
Idan sakamakon gwajin jini ya fi 20 mmol / lita, duk ayyukan jiki dole ne a cire su. A irin wannan yanayin, nauyin da ke kan jijiyoyin jini na iya ƙaruwa, wanda a haɗe da hypoglycemia lamuni ne mai haɗari ga lafiya. Koyaya, motsa jiki na iya haifar da hauhawar hauhawar jini.
Tare da haɓakar taro na glucose sama da 20 mmol / lita, dalilin cire ƙaruwa a cikin alamomin an cire shi da farko kuma an gabatar da matakin insulin da ake buƙata. Kuna iya rage sukarin jini daga 20 mmol / lita zuwa al'ada tare da rage cin abincin carb, wanda zai ba ku damar kusanci matakin 5.3-6.0 mmol / lita.
