Kowace shekara, ciwon sukari mellitus yana ƙaruwa sosai a cikin ƙuruciya. Dukansu ɗa mai shekara ɗaya da ɗaliba mai shekaru 10 na iya samun wannan cutar.
Ana nuna cutar ta take hakkin metabolism, lokacin da glandar thyroid ta samar da karamin insulin ko kuma ba ta samar da hormone ba kwata-kwata. Domin jiyya ya yi tasiri, yana da muhimmanci a binciko masu cutar sukari a farkon matakin ci gaba.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, a cikin yara masu shekaru goma, ana yin binciken likita sau ɗaya a shekara. Yayin binciken, mai haƙuri ya ɗauki gwajin jini don glucose. Amma menene matsayin yawan sukari na jini ga yaran da ke makaranta?
Wadanne alamu ne na al'ada?
Glucose na jiki shine tushen samar da makamashi, saboda ya zama dole ga abinci mai gina jiki ga dukkan tsokoki na gabobin ciki har da kwakwalwa. Kuma ana aiwatar da ka'idodi na sukari na jini ta amfani da insulin wanda ƙwayar ƙwayar hanji ta samar.
Ana lura da mafi ƙarancin sukari na jini sutra bayan bacci mai bacci. A cikin kullun, yawan haɗuwar glucose a cikin jini yana canzawa - bayan cin abinci ya hau, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci yana kwantar da shi. Amma a cikin wasu mutane, bayan cin abinci, alamomin sun kasance masu wuce gona da iri, wannan alama ce tabbatacciya game da rashin aiki na rayuwa a cikin jiki, wanda galibi yana nuna ciwon sukari.
A yanayin yayin da ƙididdigar sukari ya ragu, insulin kusan yana ɗaukar shi. Sabili da haka, yaro yana jin rauni, amma ana buƙatar bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje don sanin ainihin dalilin wannan yanayin.
A hadarin ciwon sukari yara ne:
- kiba;
- waɗanda ke cin abinci ba daidai ba lokacin da carbohydrates mai sauri da abinci mai sauri suka mamaye abincin;
- marasa lafiya waɗanda danginsu ke da ciwon sukari.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun na iya haɓaka bayan rashin lafiya na hoto. Musamman idan magani bai kasance ba daidai ba ko ba a kan shi ba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa rikice-rikice suka tashi.
Ya kamata a bincika yaran da ke cikin haɗarin aƙalla sau biyu a shekara. Don wannan dalili, a cikin gida ko yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje, ana ɗaukar jini mai ƙarfi daga yatsa kuma a bincika. A gida, suna yin wannan tare da glucometer, kuma a asibiti, ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman.
Amma menene ya kamata ya zama al'ada na sukari na jini a cikin yaro? Matsayin glucose ya kayyade shekaru. Akwai tebur na musamman na alamomi.
Don haka, a cikin yara ƙanana, sabanin manya, yawanci ana rage yawan sukari. Amma tsarin sukari na jini a cikin yara 'yan shekara 10 kusan ɗaya yake kamar na manya - 3.3-5.5 mmol / l.
Abin lura ne cewa binciken cutar sankara ya bambanta da hanyoyin gano wannan cutar a cikin majinyata na manya. Don haka, idan alamun da ke gabanin cin abinci ya fi yadda aka kafa tsarin sukari, to likitoci ba su ware kasancewar cutar ba, amma yawan karatu suna da muhimmanci don tabbatar da cutar.
Ainihin, ana gudanar da bincike kan kulawa bayan tsananin aiki. Idan sakamakon ya kasance sama da 7.7 mmol / l, to, kuna buƙatar ziyartar endocrinologist.
Sanadin hawa da sauka a cikin hankali glucose
Akwai abubuwa guda biyu masu jagorar da ke tasiri yawan adadin sukari a cikin jini na jini a cikin yara. Na farko shine karancin ilimin halittar jiki na gabobin dake da alhakin asalin haihuwar. Tabbas, a farkon rayuwa, ba a dauke da farji, idan aka kwatanta shi da hanta, zuciya, huhu da kwakwalwa, wannan ba wani muhimmin sashin jiki bane.
Dalili na biyu don hawa matakan glucose shine matakan matakai na ci gaba. Don haka, lokacin da shekaru 10, ana yawan ganin tsalle-tsalle a cikin yara da yawa. A wannan lokacin, sako mai karfi na sakin jiki wanda ke faruwa, yana haifar da dukkanin tsarin jikin mutum yayi girma.
Sakamakon tsarin aiki, sukari jini yana canzawa koyaushe. A lokaci guda, tare da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ya kamata yayi aiki a cikin wani yanayi mai mahimmanci don samar da jiki tare da insulin shiga cikin aikin metabolism.
A cikin 90% na lokuta, marasa lafiya da ke ƙasa da shekaru 10 ana gano su da nau'in ciwon sukari na farko, wanda ƙwayar kumburi ba ta samar da insulin ba. A kan wannan yanayin, yaro ya fara fama da cututtukan jini na kullum. Koyaya, a lokuta mafi wuya, a cikin shekaru 10, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 zai iya haɓaka, wanda ke sauƙaƙe ta hanyar kiba da kuma bayyanar juriya a cikin kwayoyin.
A mafi yawancin halayen, ciwon sukari a cikin yaran makaranta yana haɓaka tare da yanayin ƙwayar cuta. Amma, lokacin da mahaifi da mama suka sha wahala daga cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na kullum, to damar suna ƙaruwa zuwa 25%. Kuma idan ɗaya daga cikin iyayen ba shi da lafiya da ciwon sukari, to, yiwuwar farkon cutar shine kashi 10-12%.
Hakanan, abin da ya faru na ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun yana ba da gudummawa ta:
- mummunan cututtukan cututtuka;
- ciwace-ciwace a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta;
- magani na dogon lokaci tare da glucocorticoids da magungunan anti-inflammatory;
- rikicewar hormonal da ke faruwa a cikin glandar thyroid, glandon ume, hypothalamus ko glandar adrenal;
- ba daidai ba isar da gwaje-gwaje;
- zagi da kitse da abinci mai narkewa.
Baya ga hyperglycemia, yaro na iya haɓaka hypoglycemia, saboda yara suna aiki koyaushe, saboda haka jikinsu yana amfani da shagunan glycogen sosai. Bugu da ƙari, raguwar glucose na faruwa a lokacin yunwar, rashin lafiyar metabolism da damuwa.
Malaise kuma yana haɓaka asalin tushen raunin da ya faru, ciwukan NS da sarcoidosis.
Ta yaya za a ƙayyade matakin daidai na glycemia?
Tun da halayen da ke da alaƙa da shekaru na iya haifar da canji a cikin tattarawar glucose, yana da mahimmanci a bi dokoki don samun sakamako mafi daidai. Don haka, awanni 10-12 kafin binciken, dole ne ku ƙi abinci. An ba shi damar shan ruwa, amma a iyakataccen adadi.
Don sanin glycemia a gida, yatsan zobe da farko an soke shi da lancet. Ruwan da ya haifar da jini ana amfani dashi a jikin wata takarda, wanda aka sa cikin mitsi kuma bayan wasu 'yan dakiku sai ya nuna sakamakon.
Idan dabi'ar azumi ta fi 5.5 mmol / L, to wannan shine dalilin ƙarin karatun. Mafi sau da yawa, gwajin haƙuri haƙuri yana faruwa:
- haƙuri yana shan 75 g na glucose bayani;
- bayan minti 120 ana ɗaukar jini da gwaji don sukari;
- bayan wani awa 2, kuna buƙatar sake scurry don maimaita nazarin.
Idan alamu sun fi 7.7 mmol / l, to yaran suna kamuwa da cutar sankarau. Koyaya, yakamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa a cikin kwayoyin girma, masu nuna alama na iya bambanta kuma galibi ba a tunanin su. Bayan haka, yanayin hormonal a cikin yara yana da aiki sosai, saboda haka suna da matukar saurin kamuwa da abubuwan da ke haifar da illa ga muhalli.
Sabili da haka, ana ɗaukar haƙuri a matsayin mai ciwon sukari, daga shekara 18, lokacin da matakin glucose ya kasance daga 10 mmol / l. Haka kuma, ya kamata a lura da irin wannan sakamako a cikin kowane binciken.
Amma koda yarinyar ta kamu da cutar sankarau, bai kamata iyaye su yanke ƙauna ba. Da farko, yakamata ku koyar da masu ciwon sukari suyi daidai da wani salon rayuwa.
Don haka yakamata a sake nazarin abincin mai haƙuri, samfuran cutarwa da kuma carbohydrates mai sauri ya kamata a cire su. Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci a bi duk shawarar da endocrinologist da samar wa yaro aikin matsakaici na jiki. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai nuna yadda ciwon sukari ke tasowa a cikin yara.
