Cutar sankara (mellitus) cuta ce sankarau wacce kullum ke haifar da rikice rikice masu yawa. Idan ba ku gudanar da aikin da ya dace ba kuma ba kwa bi da abinci ba, cutar sankara tana haifar da mummunar illa ga hangen nesa, koda, hanta da sauran gabobin.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da ciwon sukari sun kasu kashi biyu kuma masu na kullum. Matsalar ciwon sukari na faruwa bayan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci a sakamakon ƙara haɓaka ko rage yawan sukarin jini. Wani rikice-rikice na baya ya bayyana sakamakon lalacewar tasirin hyperglycemia akan ƙwayar jijiya da jijiyoyin jini.
Rikici na ciwon sukari yana bayyana tare da ba da jinkiri ko jinkirta cutar.
M rikitarwa
Angiopathy, wato, rikicewar jijiyoyin bugun jini, dangane da girman tasoshin da suka lalace, ya bambanta cikin macroangiopathy da microangiopathy.
Rikicin microvascular na ciwon sukari yana haifar da lalacewar idanu da kodan. Idan akwai macroangiopathy, matsaloli tare da kwakwalwa, zuciya da na kasusuwa na jiki suna bayyana.
Coma a cikin ciwon sukari yana haɓaka azaman amsawa ga mummunan canje-canje a cikin glucose jini. Sau da yawa wannan rikitaccen ciwo na ciwon sukari yana tasowa a kan tushen tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta.
Cutar rikice-rikice na haifar da mutuwa.
Hyma na jini
Lokacin da matakan glucose suka faɗi sosai cewa ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa suna wahala daga rashin ƙarfi, alamun bayyanar coma na fitowa. Hypoglycemia an kwatanta shi da ƙimar glucose mai ƙasa da 3.3 mmol / L.
Hadarin coma shine cutar kwakwalwa. Yanayi masu haɗari zasu iya haɓaka, alal misali, lokacin da mutum ya rasa kwatsam. Wannan na iya zama koda lokacin tuki ne ko kuma a wasu yanayi inda ake buƙatar mai da hankali sosai.
Hypoglycemia an kafa shi saboda waɗannan dalilai masu zuwa:
- rashin insulin warkaswa ko amfani da magunguna masu rage sukari da basu dace ba,
- rashin lafiyan abinci,
- aiki na jiki ba tare da yawan adadin carbohydrates ba,
- azumi
- shan giya
- shan magunguna daban-daban, daga cikinsu: shirye-shiryen lithium, sulfonamides, beta-blockers.
Bayyanar cututtukan hypoglycemia sun hada da:
- gumi
- rawar jiki sassa
- samarin
- jin karfi na yunwar
- numbness a kusa da lebe
- damuwa da tsoro
- tashin zuciya
Duk waɗannan abubuwan da ke faruwa a gabanin cutar kwakwalwa, sabili da haka, ya kamata a aiwatar da matakan warkewa don hana cutar ta mahaifa. Idan ba a yi magani ba, ya bayyana:
- nutsuwa
- mai da hankali sosai
- disorientation
- ciwon kai.
Idan bayyanar cututtuka da yawa sun bayyana, tuntuɓi likita nan da nan.
Maganin rashin lafiya
Coma, wanda ya haifar da hauhawar ƙwayar jini a cikin jini, na iya zama ketoacidotic (ketoacidosis), kazalika da hypersmolar da lacticidal.
Ketoacidosis yana faruwa ne saboda karuwar sukari da samfuran metabolism, wato, ketones, wanda ke cutar da jiki sosai. Dalilin na iya zama kamuwa da cuta, rashin magani, ko kurakurai a ciki, har da raunin da ya faru, yin aiki da sauran dalilai.
Ana yin coma na hyperosmolar (dehydrating) lokacin da jini tare da isasshen ƙwayar 'osmolarity' yana jawo ruwa daga sel, yana fitar da su. Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne sakamakon karancin insulin.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan kwayar suna daidai da abubuwan da ke haifar da ketoacidosis, haka kuma duk wani cututtukan da ke haifar da asarar ruwa za a iya danganta shi da wannan.
Alamu na yau da kullun da ke gaban kwayan cuta:
- karuwa a cikin yawan fitsari (har zuwa lita 8),
- matsananciyar ƙishirwa
- gajiya, rauni, migraines,
- tare da canji a cikin sukari na jini, mai nuna alama ya fi 16.5 mmol / l,
- bushe mucous membranes da fata,
- fewan kwanaki bayan haka, bayyanar ruhi mai rauni, sannan rikicewar hoto.
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka halaye ne na jihar hyperosmolar da ketoacidosis. Koyaya, ketoacidosis yana da bambance-bambance masu zuwa:
- Numfashin Kussmaul na faruwa (sanyin murya, mara wuya da zurfi),
- warin "apples mai zaki" ya bayyana
- akai-akai mai yawan zafin ciki na ciki.
Tare da hyperosmolarity, paresis, inna, tashin hankali magana da hallucinations sau da yawa faruwa. Hyperosmolar coma yana halin karuwa a yawan zafin jiki.
Isticsididdiga sun nuna cewa lactic acidosis coma yana haɓaka da kansa sosai da wuya. Yana bayyana saboda raguwar adadin oxygen wanda ke shiga cikin kyallen takarda yayin cututtukan zuciya, gazawar tsarin numfashi, ƙonewa, raunin jini, cututtukan jini da cututtuka.
Lactic acid coma na iya faruwa saboda aiki na jiki, yawan shan giya ko bayan shekaru 65.
Kwayar cutar tayi kama da sauran wayoyi, amma babu ketones a cikin fitsari da kuma cutar hawan jini.
Late rikitarwa
Rikice-rikice na kullum na ciwon sukari mellitus ko marigayi cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan jini sune raunuka na jini, i.e. mai ciwon sukari angiopathies.
Cutar malaria mai ciwo cuta ce ta ƙananan kanana, matsakaita da manyan jiragen ruwa. Idan ƙananan jijiyoyi (arterioles, capillaries da venules) sun lalace, an kirkiro microangiopathy.
Cin nasarar tasoshin manya da kanana ana kiranta macroangiopathy. Wadannan cututtukan suna haifar da lalacewar ido da koda. An kuma shafa tasoshin:
- zukata
- kwakwalwa
- ƙananan gabobi.
Ciwon mara na Nephropathy
Cutar sankarar mahaifa cuta ce mai koda a cikin cututtukan siga, wanda hakan ke haifar da gazawar koda na koda.
Bayyanar farko na cutar nephropathy sun bayyana shekaru 5-10 bayan farawa na ciwon sukari. Nephropathy shine irin wannan rikitarwa wanda yakan haifar da mutuwar mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari na 1.
Wannan ilimin cututtukan yara na yara yana da matakai da yawa:
- microalbuminuria,
- proteinuria
- na kullum na koda.
Ciwon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa yana haifar da raguwa a cikin ƙwayar furotin a cikin girman ɗaukar jini. Tun daga lokacin da aka samar da proteinuria mai din din din, dukkan alamu wadanda suke halayyar rashin lalacewar koda suna hade. Matatar tana da matakai na cigaba a matakai daban.
Consideredaƙarar da ke haifar da ci gaban lalacewa ta ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta yana dauke da hauhawar jijiya, wato haɓaka hawan jini. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a wannan matakin, matakai daban-daban masu kumburi suna bayyana wanda ke hawa cikin tsarin urinary.
Wajibi ne a cimma wani matakin hawan jini, bai kamata ya wuce 130/85 mm RT ba. Art. Idan aka gano magungunan Enalapril da makamantan kwayoyi ba su da tasiri, ƙarin magani tare da Verapamil ko Diltiazem ya kamata a tsara.
Bugu da kari, zaku iya amfani da diuretics, misali, Furosemide, da Atenolol. Therapy a cikin samuwar renal gazawar ne ƙaddara ta mataki na pathology.
Rashin nasara na iya zama mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da m.
Rashin maganin ciwon sukari
Wannan rikitarwa ya danganta lalacewar jijiyoyin jikin kwayar ta tantina, da jijiyoyin wuya da kuma kafewar jijiyoyi. A cikin ciwon sukari, an lura da tsarin da ke taɓarɓare tasoshin. A wannan yanayin, tasoshin sun fara fama da rashin jini. Kwayoyin cuta na faruwa, tsarin halittar ya bayyana a tasoshin, ganuwar ta zama bakin ciki.
Lokacin da rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen ya daɗe, lipids da kalshin kalis na fara zama a cikin retina. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin suna haifar da bayyanar wasu wurare masu yawa. Sakamakon yawan canje-canje na cututtukan cututtukan fata, alakar da ke tattare da tsari a jikin taskokin retina.
Idan ba a karɓi magani ba kuma ba'a jinkirta aiwatarwa ba, ƙarancin fata na iya faruwa kuma, a sakamakon haka, makanta. Bugun zuciya da rugujewar jiragen ruwa da suka lalace suna haifar da mummunan basur a cikin fatar jiki na ido. Hakanan, ba a cire haɗarin haɓakar glaucoma ba.
Don gano cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sukari, ya kamata a yi jerin gwaje-gwaje. Hanyoyin bincike da aka yi amfani da su:
- gwajin ido
- tabbatar da matakin da filayen ra'ayi,
- bincike game da iris, cornea, har ma da kusurwar farfajiya na ido ta amfani da fitila mai tsagewa.
Idan jiki yana cike da gizagizai da ruwan tabarau, to yakamata a yi gwajin sikirin na ido.
Ciwon mara mai cutar kansa
Ciwon sukari mai cutar kansa shine rauni na farji da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya a cikin ciwon suga. Babban abin da ke haifar da wannan rikicewar shine karuwa a cikin glucose jini.
Akwai dabaru da yawa game da ciwon suga. Dangane da shahararrun ka'idar, saboda yawan abun da ke cikin glucose a cikin jini, karuwa mai yawa a cikin yawan glucose yana faruwa a cikin jijiya. Tunda glucose a cikin adadi mai yawa ba batun batun metabolism ne, wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga samuwar sorbitol.
Sakamakon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar jijiya, saurin jijiyoyin jiki yana farawa ne da farko. Ana gano asalin wannan cin zarafi ta amfani da cocin yatsa mai saukarwa, an ɗora shi a saman kashi na farko na yatsun.
Mafi kyawun alamar wannan rikitarwa na ciwon sukari shine bayyanar numbness da "Goose bumps" a cikin kafafu. A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, sakamakon lalacewar tsarin mai juyayi ana ɗaukarsa azabtarwar kullun a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, wanda yake nuna bambanci.
Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, rashin jin daɗi yana bayyana a ciki, kirji da hannu. Tare da dogon lokaci na ciwon sukari, ƙananan jijiyoyin jijiya mai raɗaɗi suna fara mutuwa, wanda ke bayyana kanta azaman dakatarwa ta hanyar rashin jin daɗi a cikin ƙafafu.
Sensomotor neuropathy yawanci yana tare dashi tare da raguwa a cikin hankalin. Musamman, hankalin sa yana raguwa akan kafafu da hannaye a rabi.
Kari akan haka, wahalar tafiya da illa ga motsi na iya bayyana. Tunda akwai cin zarafin hankali, mutum ba ya lura da lahani ga ƙafafu, wanda a nan gaba ake kamuwa da cuta.
Cardiovascular wani nau'in zuciya ne wanda ke da jijiyoyin zuciya, wanda ake nuna shi da karuwa a cikin zuciya yayin hutawa, wato, ba tare da motsa jiki ba.
An samar da nau'in gastrointestinal ko na gastrointestinal na mai ciwon sukari saboda tsarin juyayi na jijiyoyi. Hanyar abinci ta hanyar esophagus ta lalace, kumburi bango na esophagus yana haɓaka.
Saboda ƙarancin motsi na ciki, maƙarƙashiya da gudawa na faruwa. Kari akan haka, ana yin take hakkin aikin samar da ruwan narkewa ta hanji. Farfesa salivation da dyskinesia biliary sau da yawa suna haɓaka, wanda ke haifar da samuwar duwatsu a cikin dual bile.
Sau da yawa a cikin maza akwai raguwa a cikin aikin jima'i, a cikin mata akwai take hakkin hydration na gabobin.
Ciwon mara wanda ke fama da ciwon suga yana haɗuwa da raguwar aikin ɗalibai, daidaitawar hangen nesa a cikin duhu yana da illa.
Kafar ciwon sukari
Ciwon ƙafar ƙafafun ciwon sukari shine asalin cutar da ƙafa a cikin ciwon sukari, wanda aka kirkira shi sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin, laushin taushi, fata, gidajen abinci da ƙashi. An bayyana ilimin halittu na jijiyoyin cuta da rauni a cikin jiki, raunuka masu kasusuwa da jijiyoyin jiki da kuma cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
Samuwar nau'in neuropathic iri na mai ciwon sukari yana haɗuwa tare da canji a cikin tasoshin gabobin. Sakamakon yaduwar tasoshin ƙafa, edema da kuma yawan zafin jiki na faruwa. Sakamakon raunin jini, raunin jini yana farawa daga rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen shiga cikin kyallen ƙafar ƙafa.
Kafar ta fara bugu kuma tayi blush. Tsarin gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin kashi-ligamentous na iya daukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin ya samar.
Don lura da ƙafar mai ciwon sukari, ya kamata a ɗauki matakan don daidaita hanyoyin rayuwa, kazalika da:
- maganin rigakafi
- rauni jiyya
- Ana saukar da sauran ƙafa,
- kawar da yankin na thickening na fata,
- saka takalma na musamman.
Fata a kan kafa ya zama zagi ko cyanotic. Wasu lokuta sakamakon haɓakar capillaries, fatar kan zama mai ruwan hoda-ja.
Don dalilai na bincike sun shafi:
- Doppler Hanyar
- angiography of tasoshin kafafu,
- mai lissafi da hoton maganaɗisu na Magnetic,
- nazarin duban dan tayi na jijiyoyin jini.
Yin rigakafin
Kulawa don rikitarwa na nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, da farko, ya haɗa da rigakafin. Yana da mahimmanci a bi duk shawarwarin likita don hana samuwar rikice-rikice na cututtukan cututtukan sukari da kuma sarrafa duk sauyawa a cikin glucose jini.
A cikin samuwar kowane rikice-rikice, ya zama dole a hanzarta ɗaukar matakan don daidaita matakan sukari na plasma, tun lokacin da ciwon sukari kanta, da kuma sakamakon da ke haifar da shi, ya dogara da wannan.
Matakan kariya sun hada da:
- na tsarin kulawa da lafiya na zamani da kuma bayanan rashi,
- sarrafa jini,
- bin ka'idodi na abinci,
- share ayyukan yau da kullun
- wasu ayyuka na jiki da hutawa,
- tsabtace gida da tsabta daga gidan,
- tallafi na rigakafi da tsarin kula da lokaci na cututtukan sanyi da sanyi.
Yarda da waɗannan shawarwarin yana ba da damar tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ta yadda ya kamata da rage haɗarin rikice-rikice.
Abin da rikice-rikice na iya haɓaka tare da ciwon sukari za a bayyana shi ta hanyar kwararru daga bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
