Maganin ciwon sukari microgeiopathy wani rauni ne na kananan jiragen ruwa - garkuwar jiki, arterioles da venules. Wannan sabon abu ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, yana haifar da mummunan sakamako. Don hana farkon wannan yanayin, yana da daraja bin duk alƙawarin likita. Idan irin waɗannan alamun suna faruwa, ana buƙatar aiwatar da gaggawa.
Mahimmancin Pathology
Ana fahimtar microangiopathy na ciwon sukari a matsayin lalacewar jijiyoyin bugun gini, wanda shine sakamakon tsawan tsoka. Ainihin, akwai canji a cikin ƙananan tasoshin - capillaries, venules da arterioles. Ilimin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ba zai iya bayyana kansa ba har tsawon shekaru 10-15 - an ƙaddara wannan ta ikon ramuwa na mara lafiya.
Increaseara yawan glucose na jini yana tsoratar da tarin abubuwa na rigakafi akan bangon jijiyoyin jini. Wannan yana haifar da kumburi da kunkuntar lumen tasoshin, wanda ke haifar da rikicewar jijiyoyin jini.
Wannan tsari yana tattare da keta haddin jini, samuwar kananan kwayoyi na jini, canji a cikin hanyoyin rayuwa. Tsawon lokaci, sel basu da isashshen sunadarin oxygen. Wannan yana haifar da raguwa a cikin rarrabuwa da karuwar lalata.
Dalilai
Abubuwa da yawa suna haifar da faruwar microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus:
- Hanyoyin da ba za'a iya juya su ba saboda karuwar kwatsam na jijiyoyin bugun gini;
- Lationetare abubuwa na kayan haɗin tsokoki;
- Thrombosis - bayyanar a cikin tasoshin jini na kwayar jini wanda ke rushe wurare dabam dabam na jini;
- Hyaline dystrophy - yana nunawa ta hanyar sanya abubuwan gina jiki wanda suke da tsari mai yawa;
- Necrosis - mutuwa da mutuwar kyallen takarda.
Yayin da matakan sukari ke tashi, ana samar da tsattsauran ra'ayi da peroxides a cikin jiki. Suna tsokana lalata da guba na endothelium, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci ga cikakken sakewar kyallen takarda da sauran ayyuka.
A kullun, endothelium yana samar da nitric oxide. Tare da haɓakar ƙwayar cuta, samar da wannan abu yana raguwa. A wannan yanayin, tasoshin sun rasa ikon fadada su daban-daban. Wannan ya zama sanadin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
Rarrabawa
Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar abin da ke nufin microangiopathies a cikin ciwon sukari. Ya danganta da matsayin yanayin maganin ɗan adam, ana lura da ire-iren waɗannan cututtukan na cutar:
- Nehropathy;
- Retinopathy;
- Microangiopathy na kafafu.
Ta hanyar kwayar cutar retinopathy an fahimci shan kashi ido retina. Vesselsanan tasoshin jirgin ruwa a wannan yanki suna da alhakin samar da jini ga abubuwa masu mahimmanci na gabobin gani. Saboda canje-canje na ilimin halittar cuta yana haifar da raunin gani. Ya danganta da mataki na kwayar cutar retinopathy, bayyanarwar na iya zama mara muhimmanci ko kuma haifar da matsala ga mai haƙuri har zuwa kammala asarar hangen nesa.
Tare da nephropathy, canje-canje maras kyau ya shafi kusan duk ƙananan tasoshin ƙodan. Bugu da kari, manyan jijiyoyin wuya na iya sha wahala, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli a ayyukan wannan jikin. Metabolism na cikin gida bashi da isasshen aiki. Wannan yana haifar da isasshen wadataccen oxygen da abubuwa masu amfani.
Hakanan, tare da nephropathy, filtration ya rikice kuma tsarin da ke da alhakin wannan aikin ya shafi.
Giwayen da ke cikin ƙafafun ƙafafun ya zama ɗayan sanadin bayyanar ƙafafun ciwon sukari. Canje-canje a cikin jijiya da jini wurare dabam dabam yana haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙwayar tsoka na kafafu. Saboda haka, ciwon sukari microangiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen yana tsokani asarar sautin fata na al'ada. Yakan zama bushewa, duk wani lalacewa yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta.
Duk wani irin rauni da raunukan da ke cikinmis dinmis din suna warkar da shi tsawon lokaci. Marasa lafiya na iya bayyana cututtukan trophic. Mafi rikitarwa rikitarwa wanda zai haifar da microangiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen ƙarshen a cikin ciwon sukari shine gangrene. Ya kai ga yankan wani reshe ko mutuwa.
Hoto na asibiti
A matakin farko na bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan, alamuncinta ba a ganuwa sosai don haka mai haƙuri kawai ya ƙi kula da su. Tare da lalacewar tasoshin ƙafafun kafa, tingling da numbness sune manyan alamun bayyanar.
Yayinda matsalar take faruwa, alamomi masu zuwa suna faruwa:
- Jin zafi a kafafuwan halayen ja;
- Kwari;
- Babban gajiya;
- Yawan bushewar ƙafafu da kafafu;
- Ciwon mara;
- Rashin gashi a kafafu;
- Asarar hankali;
- Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan trophic, wadanda suke da wahalar warkewa.
Matsalar kewaya yasa ƙafafun mai haƙuri su kasance cikin sanyi har a cikin zafi. Baya ga cin nasarar ƙananan tasoshin, ƙwayoyin jijiya, jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini suna yawan shiga cikin mahaukaci. Wannan na iya haifar da canji ga launin fata - ya zama sifa, shuɗi ko launin shuɗi.
Take hakkin ka'idodin tsabta yana haifar da mummunan yanayin da ke haifar da abubuwan da ake buƙata don kamuwa da raunuka. Sabili da haka, likitoci sun bada shawarar sosai da barin ƙafafunku bushe da tsabta.
A farkon matakan retinopathy, ana lura da asymptomatic hanya. Koyaya, masanin ophthalmologist a yayin binciken zai iya yin rikodin irin waɗannan canje-canje. Da farko kwari ko kyandir na iya bayyana a gaban idanun, amma iyawar gani ba ta raguwa.
Sannan zai zama da wahala ga mara lafiya ya iya rubutu, aiki a kwamfuta ko karatu. Hoto na asibiti yana daɗauri yayin da retina ya shafi. Idan baku tuntuɓi likitan mahaifa ba, to akwai haɗarin cikakkiyar hasarar hangen nesa.
Gano nephropathy a farkon matakin haɓaka yana da matsala matsala. An bayyana ilimin Pathology musamman ta hanyar samar da kazamin sinadarai a cikin fitsari. Binciken asibiti zai taimaka gano wannan abun.
Idan lalacewar koda ta kara bayyana, to akwai kumburi, matsin lamba, matsaloli tare da urination. Mutane da yawa suna fuskantar rauni na yau da kullun, suna warin ammoniya daga bakin.
Binciken bincike
Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar sanin nau'in ciwon sukari. Cutar na farko nau'in insulin-dogara ne, cutar ta nau'in na biyu bata buƙatar gabatarwar insulin wucin gadi.
Har ila yau, likitocin suna bincika bayanan bayanan martaba na glycemic, C-peptide, haemoglobin.
Kwararrun yakamata yayi nazarin tarihin ilimin halayyar dan adam, gudanar da bincike ya kuma gano rikice-rikice. Idan akwai shakku na microangiopathy, yi irin waɗannan karatun:
- Tsarin ilimin jari-hujja - wani microscope yana nazarin tsarin kudirin ƙwallon ido. Hanyar tana ba ka damar gano ladabtarwar tasoshin jini, gano ƙwanƙwasa ƙwararrun jini da kuma girgije ruwan tabarau.
- Nazarin duban dan tayi na gabobin ciki - yana baka damar sanin keta haddin jini, karuwa a cikin girman kodan, tarin fitsari a cikin ƙashin ƙugu. Hakanan hanyar ta taimaka sosai wajen gano bakin ciki na katakon jiragen ruwa daban-daban.
- Imididdigewa da kuma tasirin tsaftar magnetic - taimaka sauƙaƙe tsarin abubuwan gabobin da kuma tantance canje-canje na yau da kullun.
- Angiography of the kafafu - ya kunshi aiwatar da hotunan x-ray ta amfani da bambanci. Godiya ga aikin, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade girman tasoshin da kuma adadin zubin su da bambanci.
- Rheovasography - an yi amfani da shi don tantance kwararar jini a cikin kafafu. Nazarin kuma yana taimakawa wajen tantance iyawar capillaries da ingancin kwararar mai amfani.
Hanyoyin jiyya
Don magance cutar, ya zama dole don a fili bi duk shawarwarin likita. Tabbatar daina shan sigari, samar da motsa jiki matsakaici da daidaita nauyi.
Daga abincin shine a cire carbohydrates da ke cikin sauki. A wasu halaye, ana buƙatar rage cin abinci mai ƙuntatawa tare da gishirin gishiri.
Baya ga insulin, wani ɓangare na hadaddun farjin ilimin cuta shine amfani da phytoformulas na colloidal wanda ke shafar dukkanin abubuwan ci gaban sukari. Suna da tasirin hypoglycemic, suna daidaita microcirculation, suna sadar da abubuwan da ake buƙata diyya don rikitarwa na cutar ga jiki.
A cikin asibiti, ana iya amfani da angioprotectors, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga farfadowa da kariya daga tasoshin jini. Wannan rukuni ya haɗa da kwayoyi kamar su parmidin, angin, dicinone.
Don haɓaka tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, ana amfani da trimetazidine da mildronate. Yin amfani da statins, kamar atorvastatin, simvastatin, ya kamata a kula da su sosai. Baya ga rage ƙwayar ƙwayar cholesterol, suna iya tayar da mummunan sakamako.
Dangane da alamu, ana iya amfani da magungunan anticoagulants. Suna taimakawa rage yawan coagulation na jini. Wadannan kudade sun hada da fraxiparin, heparin, da sauransu.
A matsayin ƙari ga babban maganin, kwararrun likitoci suna ba da irin wannan hanyar azaman watsawar laser, magnetotherapy, acupuncture. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wasu dabaru na ilimin likitanci wanda zai iya tsaida yanayin ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki tare da jimre wa ciwon ƙafa.
Microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari wani mummunan yanayi ne na adalci, wanda ke haifar da sakamako masu haɗari. A bayyane aiwatar da alƙawarin likita da gyaran salon rayuwa yana taimakawa magance hakan. Idan alamun cututtukan cututtukan cuta sun bayyana, yakamata a tuntuɓi endocrinologist nan da nan. Bayan sanin yanayin, ana buƙatar sai an yi gwajin rigakafin shekara-shekara.
