Hawan jini alama ce da ke nuna adadin jinin da aka saki daga ventricle na zuciya yayin kwancensa ko shakatawa. A cikin yanayin farko, ana kiran wannan matsa lamba systolic, kuma a karo na biyu - diastolic. Alkaluman matsin lamba na yau da kullun bisa ga ka'idojin Healthungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya sun yi daidai da milimita 120/80 na Mercury. Tare da cututtuka daban-daban, yana iya canzawa a cikin ɗaya ko ɗayan shugabanci.
Cutar cututtukan zuciya sune cututtukan da suka fi yawa a duniya. Tare da atherosclerosis da varicose veins, hauhawar jini shine ɗayan shugabannin uku a cikin waɗannan cututtukan. Kusan mutane miliyan ashirin ke mutuwa daga gare su kowace shekara. Ana iya hana waɗannan mutuwar ta hanyar bin ka'idodi masu sauƙi:
- iyakance amfani da soyayyen abinci mai mai mai yawa, saboda yana iya ratsa jiki ya shafi bangarorin carotid, haɓaka hauhawar jini;
- daina shan sigari - tunda nicotine resins na iya shafar cikin ciki na jijiyoyin jini;
- exerciseara motsa jiki - motsa jiki na yau da kullun aƙalla minti ashirin a rana yana rage haɗarin haɓaka infarction myocardial da bugun jini na ischemic da 15%;
- ziyartar likita na yau da kullun da kuma lura da matsin lamba da cholesterol, wannan zai iya gano cutar mai yiwuwa a farkon matakan;
- raguwa a yawan amfani da giya, saboda yana iya canza yanayin rage yawan matsa lamba.
Increaseara yawan hauhawar jini ana kiran shi hauhawar jini. Ya danganta da matakin karuwa a juriya na jijiyoyin bugun jini, an bambanta digiri uku na hauhawar jini:
- Mai sauƙi - tare da ƙaruwa na lokaci-lokaci a cikin adadin adadin matsin lamba daga 139-159 zuwa millimita 89/99 na Mercury. A wannan halin, gabobin masu rauni basa fuskantar illa. Wadannan gabobin sun hada da: zuciya, kwakwalwa, kodan, retina. Tare da wannan digiri, matsin lamba na iya daidaita al'ada ta kansa, ba tare da kulawa da likita ba.
- Haɗakar jini yana ɗauka tare da haɓaka wasu raka'a 20. A wannan yanayin, yanayin ba ya daidaita ba tare da tallafin likita ba. A lokuta da dama, ana buƙatar asibiti.
- Mai tsananin - tsayayyen haɓakawa mai ƙarfi tare da darajar 180/110 ko fiye da raka'a. Mai tsananin rauni na gabobin da ake sa ido ana lura dasu, mummunan rauni na koda saboda lalacewar tubules ɗinsa zai iya haɓaka, naƙasa mai narkewa sakamakon rashin gudan jini a cikin ƙwayar zuciya, bugun jini a sanadiyyar lalacewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin kwakwalwa da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki, da kuma ɓacin zuciya saboda wannan dalili.
Alamun kara matsa lamba a cikin hauhawar jini da mutane masu lafiya sune ciwon kai na matsi ko fashewar yanayi, ana iya haɗe shi da kumburin fuska da kafafu, hangen nesa a cikin yanayin duhu a idanunsa ko kuma fashewar “ƙudaje” a gabansu, tashin zuciya da amai ba tare da sauƙi ba, tinnitus, rauni da kuma rage karfin iska.
Wasu hujjoji game da rage matsin lamba
Hypotension shine raguwar hauhawar jini, a dalilin hakan akwai raguwar shigar iskar oxygen zuwa kasusuwa.
An bayyana wannan ta hanyar farin ciki, rauni, raunin hankali, ko kasala.
Wani nau'i na musamman na hypotension shine orthostatic hypotension, wanda ke faruwa ko da a cikin mutane masu lafiya.
Rashin lafiyar Orthostatic yawanci yana tasowa ne sakamakon hauhawar tsinkaye daga kwance a kai tsaye.
Sanadin tashin hankali na iya zama mummunan cututtuka.
Babban dalilai:
- Rashin jini mai yawa, alal misali, tare da gastrointestinal, uterine, ko wani zubar jini a ciki. Hanyar aiwatarwa ana nuna shi ta hanyar raguwa a cikin yawan bugun jini, raguwa a cikin jijiyoyin bugun jini da kuma raguwa a cikin matsin lamba. Wannan yanayin yana da haɗari sosai, saboda yana iya wucewa ba kawai asymptomatally ba, amma kuma ya bayyana kansa a matsayin barazanar rayuwa tare da asarar jini mai yawa. Jiyya na yiwuwa ne kawai a asibitin tiyata.
- Cutar ta Addison wata hanya ce ta cutar ciki wanda glandar adrenal ta kasa samar da isasshen cortisol. Wannan hormone ne mai aiki da jiki, ya wajaba ga masu karɓa waɗanda suke cikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini don kula da juriya na dole. Hakanan ana kiranta hormone damuwa, saboda tare da farin ciki, maida hankali akan wannan abun yana ƙaruwa, koyar da bugun zuciya da haɓaka matsa lamba. A cikin cutar ta Addison, manyan alamu, ban da hypotension, sune gajiya mai rauni, rauni na tsoka da zafi, tashin zuciya da amai, tashin zuciya, canji a cikin yanayin tunanin wani yanayi na bacin rai ko tashin hankali, ƙishirwa, rashin damuwa da damuwa.
- A cikin mutane masu lafiya, rashin aiki a cikin tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa na iya faruwa, wanda ke bayyane ta hanyar rage bugun jini da raguwar matsin lamba. Wannan na iya faruwa tare da matsananciyar tsoro, raɗaɗi mai raɗaɗi, matsananciyar damuwa, a cikin ɗakuna da zafi.
A cikin yara da matasa, za a iya la'akari da ƙarancin jini a matsayin ƙirar dabi'a. Wannan shi ne saboda saurin haɓakar tsarin musculoskeletal da jinkirin haɓaka zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
Saboda wannan, kyallen jiki, musamman kwakwalwa, basa samun isashshen sunadarin oxygen, ana lura da matsin lamba da kuma tsananin farin ciki.
Tasirin giya ethyl a jikin gabobin
Mutane da yawa suna yin mamakin daidai yadda barasa yake tashi ko ya rage karfin jini, tunda shan giya ya yaɗu ko'ina cikin duniya.
Barasa yana shafar jiki a hankali. Dukkanta sun dogara da nau'in sha, yawansa da kuma matsayin lafiyar masu sha. Ethanol guba ne ga jiki. Yana rinjayar dukkanin gabobin da tsarin.
Jinin - kamar toxin haemolytic, giya ethyl yana lalata sel sel, yana haifar da anemia, kuma yana rage yawan ƙwayoyin farin jini, yana rage matakin rigakafi
An shafi kwakwalwa saboda tasirin psychotropic akan masu karɓa na dopamine. Wannan yana haifar da sakamako na nishaɗi, motsa jiki, da barci, wato, abin da ake kira ji na maye. Sau da yawa bayan 'yan' yan sa'o'i, abin da ake kira hangover syndrome yana tasowa - wannan ya faru ne saboda tarawar samfurin lalacewar ethanol - acetaldehyde. Yana da guba sosai ga jikin ɗan adam, yana ɗaukar ruwa daga sel kuma yana kama glucose, gabobin aldehyde. Tsawa da shan barasa mai yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga halakar ɓarna da haɗi tsakanin su, da haɓaka haɓakar intracranial da hauhawar jini.
Abun ciki na ciki yana faruwa saboda maye giya, wannan yana bayyana ta azaba ta ciki da kuma ci gaban gudawa. Mafi haɗarin rauni na ƙwayar mucous na ƙwayar narkewa shine alama ta Mellory-Weiss, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar katsewa mai tsayi na membranes na ciki, zubar jini mai zurfi kuma, a sakamakon hakan, yawan mace-mace. Lokacin amfani da manyan allurai na ethanol, haɗarin haɓakar ƙwayar cuta na hyperacid, matsanancin ƙwayar cuta da cututtukan fata suna ƙaruwa.
Hankalin hanta cuta ce mai haɗari ga giya. Lokacin da ya shiga cikin jini, hanta tayi aiki azaman tacewa, tarko da gubobi. Suna lalata hepatocytes ta hanyar kula da su. Sakamakon wannan, ƙonewar mai da hanta, cirrhosis ko ciwon daji na iya haɓaka.
Koyaya, ethanol yana da tasiri mafi girma akan hawan jini. Na dogon lokaci, masana kimiyya ba su iya gano ko vodka ya tayar da ko ya rage karfin jini ba, kuma a ƙarshen ƙarni na ƙarshe ne aka buga sakamakon binciken. Lokacin da aka sanya ƙananan allurai na giya, fadada taƙasa ta hanzarin tasoshin jini yana faruwa, matsin lamba yana raguwa. A wannan yanayin, mutum yana jin euphoria da dumi. Bayan aiwatar da gubobi a cikin hanta, juriya na jijiyoyin jiki ya sake tashi, don haka tasirin hypotonic na ethanol yayi gajere. A wannan yanayin, matsin lambar na iya ƙaruwa har sama da matakin farko.
Lokacin shan manyan allurai na giya a lokaci daya, akwai tasirin kai tsaye akan myocardium, karuwar ragi a cikin zuciya da kuma karuwar yawan matsa lamba.
Clinical gwaji na giya
Gwaje-gwaje da aka yi kwanan nan sun bayyana wanɗanda ke rage bugun giya da kuma wacce ke rage ƙarfin jini.
Vodka, giya, da shampen an san su da haɓaka jini. An tabbatar da wannan a cikin binciken makonni biyu tare da ɗaruruwan masu ba da agaji. An rarrabasu cikin daidaitattun mata da maza da suka haɗa da manya waɗanda ke buƙatar sha 200 milliliters na giya mai ƙarfi, 50 milliliters na vodka ko gram 100 na giya kowace rana don kwana goma sha huɗu. Kashi na uku na batutuwa an tilasta su dakatar da gwajin, yayin da jin daɗin rayuwarsu ya fara wahala: cutar raɗaɗɗa da jin zafi a cikin hanta ya sa suka dakatar da shi. Sauran mutane 65 sun nuna canji na matsin lamba sama, daga 5 zuwa 20 mm Hg. a kwatankwacin bayanan asalin. Binciken ya kuma lura da jin zafi da safe a cikin occipital da gaban goshin, rage aiki, rage taro, kazalika da tashin zuciya da amai.
A cikin marasa lafiya tare da hauhawar jini, yin amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan barasa na iya tayar da rikici na hauhawar jini, don haka yi hankali.
Sakamakon binciken da aka yi a layi daya ya nuna cewa ƙananan allurai na barasa da giya na iya rage matsa lamba na ɗan lokaci. Koyaya, bayan sa'a daya, lambobin sun karu da 10% daga asali, wanda a cikin marasa lafiya da hypotension zai iya haifar da haɗarin bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.
Masana kimiyya daga Americanungiyar American Cardiology a cikin 2011 sun yi sanarwa cewa jan giya ba shi da wani tasiri a cikin zuciya, sabanin sanannen imani. Yana ƙarfafa ci gaban haɓin hanta da ciwon sukari mellitus saboda yawan sukari mai yawa, kuma ba shi da kaddarorin kariya.
Hakanan yana da daraja a tuna cewa ba a haɗuwa da giya tare da wasu magunguna - shin yana da maganin rashin lafiyar jiki, ko don haɓaka hawan jini. Yana inganta tasirinsu mai guba a zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kuma yana iya haifar da rashin lafiyar koda da sakamako mai kisa. Sabili da haka, a cikin lura da hauhawar jini ko hauhawar jini, ya kamata ku bar jarabawar shan giya don kula da lafiya.
An bayyana tasirin barasa a jikin hauhawar jini a cikin bidiyon a wannan labarin.
