Cutar sankarau na ɗaya daga cikin rikice-rikice na wata cuta kamar su ciwon sukari. Wannan yanayin na iya kasancewa tare da mummunan aiki na gabobin ciki, ayyukan kwakwalwa da asarar hankali. Idan babu ingantaccen ilimin zamani da na zamani, coma a cikin manya da yara na iya haifar da mutuwa.
Iri Cutar Malaria
Coma a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na iya zama da nau'ikan da yawa, dangane da sanadin canji a cikin tarowar jini.
Coma a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na iya zama da nau'ikan da yawa, dangane da sanadin canji a cikin tarowar jini.
Ketoacidotic
Pathology yana haɓaka saboda DKA (ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari). Wannan yanayin yana haɗuwa tare da bayyanar da saurin karuwa a cikin taro na jikin ketone da glucose a cikin fitsari. DKA yana ci gaba saboda karancin insulin a cikin jiki saboda dalilai daban-daban.
Hypersmolar
Wannan nau'in coma (DHA) yana haɓakawa saboda asarar ruwa mai mahimmanci. A wannan yanayin, jikin ketone na iya tsayawa a waje. Mafi yawanci, DHA yana haɓaka cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 2.
Abun Lafiya
Wannan shine mafi girman rikice rikice a cikin masu ciwon sukari. Yanayin yana tasowa ne saboda cututtukan da suka shafi hanta, huhu da tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar cutar hyperlactac cutar (DLK) sau da yawa yakan faru ne akan asalin maganin barasa.
Hypoglycemic
Wannan nau'in kwayar halitta yana faruwa ne saboda raguwa sosai a cikin gubar glucose. Isaranci yana ɗaukar taro glucose a cikin jini daga 2.3 mmol / L bayan awa 2.5-4 bayan cin abinci ko 2.8 mmol / L akan komai a ciki. Haka kuma, a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda alamomin glycemia suna nuna kullun a babban matakin, ana kuma lura da syncope a cikin manyan dabi'u.
Cowanƙwalwar jini na faruwa ne ta dalilin raguwar glucose.
Sanadin Cutar Cutar Rama
A cikin masu ciwon sukari, coma yana haɓaka saboda raguwa ko ƙara yawan taro na glucose a cikin ƙwayoyin jini. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa wannan yanayin na iya haɓaka sau da yawa a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ba sa amfani da insulin.
Babban dalilan ci gaban ketoacidotic coma (DKA):
- kasawar / ba daidai ba ne na insulin-dauke da mafita ga marasa lafiya (kuskuren sirinji mara kuskure, sashi mara daidai, da sauransu);
- babban aikin tiyata;
- haihuwar ɗa;
- amfani da magunguna wadanda ke kara maida hankali a cikin glucose.
Rashin insulin yana haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yunwar. Wannan yana ƙara nauyin a hanta, wanda ke samar da glucose wanda yakamata ga jikin, ta amfani da shagunan glycogen. A sakamakon wannan tsari, yawan haɗuwar glucose yana ƙaruwa sosai. Kodan a cikin wannan yanayin suna cire glucose mai yawa tare da fitsari, yayin kawar da potassium. A wannan yanayin, mai haƙuri ya fara rashin ruwa, akwai karancin iskar oxygen a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka, lokacin farin jini da alamun DKA sun bayyana.
Sanadin Cutar Hyperosmolar Coma (DHA):
- rana da / ko bugun zafin rana;
- zagi da kwayoyi dangane da adrenal hormones da diuretic magunguna;
- mummunan cututtuka (thyrotoxicosis, thromboembolism, infarction myocardial);
- m siffofin da cututtuka.
- bushewa.
Idan matakan tsaro na glucose ya ƙetare, ya fara zama cikin fitsari. Uresara yawan diuresis yana haifar da bushewar sel da suturar jini.
Cutar Kwalara (Cutar Kwayar cuta ta Cutar) ta ɓoye saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
- cututtukan da ke hade da yunwar oxygen na sel (raunin zuciya, cututtukan huhu, infarction na zuciya, rashin nasara na koda);
- na kullum mai shan giya;
- ƙarshen matakai na cutar sankarar bargo;
- amfani da metformin a cikin manyan sashi;
- guban tare da guba da guba.
Sakamakon karancin oxygen a cikin kyallen, matakin lactic acid ya tashi. Lactate wanda aka kirkira yana haifar da maye, yana hana aikin jijiyoyin jini, zuciya da tsokoki. Bugu da kari, wannan mummunan yana shafar watsawar jijiyoyi.
Sanadin cutar rashin wadatar jini:
- shan giya;
- yawan shan kwayoyi don rage matakan sukari;
- wuce haddi na insulin (mafi yawan dalilai);
- nono da ciki;
- cututtuka na kullum da m;
- yawan motsa jiki da kuma matsananciyar yunwa ba tare da gyara hanyoyin samarda insulin ba
Kwayar cutar
Tare da haɓakar ketoacidosis, matakan glucose ya karu zuwa 20 mmol / l ko fiye. A lokaci guda, ƙishirwa da haɓakar urination, rauni da bushewa a cikin ramin baka. Wani lokacin akwai tashin zuciya, jin zafi a ciki.
Tare da DHA, rauni, raunin jini, saurin numfashi da bugun jini, ƙishirwa, da raunin jijiyoyin jiki suna faruwa.
DLK yana farawa ne tare da raɗaɗi a cikin zuciya da tsokoki, zawo, amai da tashin zuciya. Zai yiwu a take hakkin sani.
Cutar cututtukan fata tana farawa da tashin zuciya da amai.
Cutar kwalliyar jini tana tare da yawan zafin rai, ɗumi, rauni, rawar jiki da ciwon kai.
Yaya tsawon lokacin da ke fama da ciwon sukari?
Yanayin tsinkaye a cikin ciwon sukari ya haɓaka sannu a hankali na tsawon kwanaki 1-2. Mafi sau da yawa, bayan isa ga mafi girman ci gaba, idan ba a ba da haƙuri tare da kulawa ba a cikin sa'o'i 12-24, ingantacciyar coma na faruwa. A irin waɗannan halayen, ba shi yiwuwa a tantance tsawon lokacin da zai ci gaba da tsawon lokacin da wannan yanayin yake gudana.
Ciwon sukari
A cikin aikin likita, irin waɗannan yanayi masu adawa kamar DKA da hypoglycemia suna buƙatar tsarin kulawa daban.
Taimako na Farko ga Coma mai Ciwon Mara
Idan kuna da alamun cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar amfani da abinci wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan carbohydrates (200 ml na ruwan 'ya'yan itace, cakulan 2-4, cakuda sukari na 3-6).
Idan ba'a lura da cigaba ba, a kira likita nan da nan.
Lokacin da alamun cututtukan sukari ke faruwa, mai haƙuri na iya zama ƙwal 3-6 na sukari.
M kulawa
Likita, idan ya iso kan kira, zai samar da kulawa ta gaggawa, gwargwadon nau'in cutar sankarau:
- maganin haila na hypoglycemic: 40-100 ml na maganin glucose na 40% ko 1 ml na glucagon cikin ciki;
- DKA: Salim na miliya 1000 a cikin ciki ko 20 IU na insulin intramuscularly;
- DHA: sarrafawa na ciki na ruwan kwalliya na 1000 ml na minti 60;
- DLK: maganin shayin ciki.
Bayan wannan, ana kai mai haƙuri zuwa asibiti, inda ake ci gaba da jiyya a cikin ɓangaren kulawa mai zurfi.
Tare da hypoglycemia, likita ya ci gaba da gudanar da glucose a cikin jijiya. Tare da coma na hyperglycemic type, ana buƙatar hadadden hanyoyin:
- insulin (aiki na gajere) - ana gudanar dashi ta hanyar ciki;
- bushewar ruwa yana bushewa;
- kawar da sanadin ƙwayar sukari;
- taro na chlorine, sodium da potassium a cikin jiki an inganta shi;
- ana hana yunwar oxygen;
- aikin kwakwalwa da gabobin ciki na goyan baya.
Sakamakon ciwon sukari com
Hypoglycemic
Tsinkaya na rashin lafiyar haila shine mafi yawan lokuta dacewa. Mai haƙuri na iya jin ƙoshin damuwa, ciwon kai, raunin ƙwaƙwalwa. A cikin mafi munin yanayi, yanayin yana haifar da infarction na zuciya ko bugun zuciya.
Hyperglycemic
Ana nuna waɗannan nau'ikann sukari a cikin faɗar faɗakarwar mummunan mummunan yanayi da hauhawar mace-mace, wanda ya kai waɗannan dabi'u:
- tare da DLK - daga 50% zuwa 90%;
- tare da DKA - daga 5% zuwa 15%;
- tare da DHA - har zuwa 50%.
A wasu halayen, sakamakon cutar tasirin ƙwaƙwalwa yana kama da sakamakon yanayin rashin haihuwar hypoglycemic.
