Matakan taimakon farko na maganin cutar rashin daidaituwa

Normalizing matakin glycemia shine babban aikin da ke gaban mai haƙuri tare da kamuwa da cutar sankarar bargo. Shararfin shudewa cikin ƙimar glucose ba kawai ya cutar da yanayin mai haƙuri ba, amma kuma yana iya haifar da haɓakar rikitarwa masu haɗari.

Ofaya daga cikin sakamakon tasirin cutar ciwon siga shine cututtukan jini, wanda ke faruwa tare da raguwar matakan sukari. Ana nuna wannan yanayin ta hanyar haɓakawa da sauri-sauri kuma idan an ba da taimako ba da gangan ba, zai iya haifar da mutuwa.

Pathogenesis da kuma Sanadin yanayin pathological

Rage yawan glucose tare da matakan insulin (rawar jiki na insulin) na iya haifar da cutar ciki. Wannan halin ana nuna shi ta hanyar amsawa ta musamman ta jiki, wanda aikin aikin jijiyoyin jiki mafi girma ya rikice kuma an shafi jijiyoyin kwakwalwa. Rashin glucose na lokaci mai tsawo yana haifar da isashshen sunadarin oxygen da kuma matsananciyar motsa jiki. Sakamakon wannan tsari shine mutuwar sassan ko sassan kwakwalwa.

An kwatanta yanayin rashin lafiyar insulin a cikin digon glucose a ƙasa da 3.0 mmol / L. A irin wannan lokacin, mutum yana fuskantar abubuwan jin dadi iri daban-daban. Halin yana tasowa da sauri, yana ƙaruwa tare da kowane minti. A mafi yawancin lokuta, coma yakan faru ne a cikin marasa lafiyar da ke dogara da insulin. Bayyananninta ya samo asali ne saboda kuskuren dabarar magance cutar, da kuma rashin fahimtar ka'idodin allura.

Babban dalilai:

• yawan insulin da ya wuce lokacin da mara lafiyar ya shigar da adadin magungunan da ba daidai ba ko amfani da nau'in samfurin da ba daidai ba (alal misali, sirinji U40 maimakon U100);
• ana gudanar da maganin ne ta hanyar intramuscularly, kuma ba subcutaneously;
• ba a lura da abincin ba, kuma an rasa lokacin ciye-ciye;
• dogon lokaci tsakanin abinci;
• canjin abinci da abinci;
• gajeren allurar hormone ba tare da abun ciye-ciye mai zuwa ba;
• yin ƙarin aikin jiki ba tare da amfani da carbohydrates na farko ba;
• rashin sarrafa glycemic kafin yin lissafin kashi na hormone, sakamakon abin da ya fi yawaitar ƙwayoyi fiye da yadda ake buƙata;
• hawan jini zuwa wurin allura saboda cikakkiyar motsi;
• shan giya;
• ciki, musamman ma farkon watanni lokacin da bukatar insulin ya ragu;
• kiba da hanta;
• mara lafiya yana cikin yanayin ketoacidosis;
• amfani da wasu kwayoyi, alal misali, amfani da tsofaffi na magungunan sulfanilamide a gaban lalata lalacewar hanta, zuciya ko kodan;
• narkewar tsarin cuta.

Hypoglycemia kuma na iya faruwa a cikin jariri wanda aka haifeshi tun da farko kamar yadda aka zata, ko kuma yana da nakuda na zuciya.

Kwayar cutar

Asibitin asibiti na hypoglycemia ya dogara da saurin bayyanarsa.

Alamar farko:

• jin yunwar;
• rauni
• gumi
• Dizziness
• nutsuwa
• tunanin tsoro ba dalili;
• ciwon kai
• pallor na fata.

Idan babu matakan dakatar da bayyanar cututtuka na farkon haihuwar hypoglycemia, wani mummunan yanayin yana faruwa, wanda ke hade da alamomin masu zuwa:

• tachycardia;
• paresthesia;
• wahalar numfashi
• rawar jiki
• katsewa
• mai jan hankali (psychomotor);
• hankali.

Tare da yin watsi da waɗannan alamu na tsawan lokaci, babu makawa yana faruwa.

Abubuwan da ke bayyane a bayyane yake akwai halayen shi:

• rashin mutuntaka na kodadde tsakani;
• pupilsan makaranta
• karuwar zuciya;
• kadan karuwa a cikin karfin jini;
• ragewan zafin jiki;
• Ci gaban cutar Kernig;
• tendarin jijiyoyin jiki da na lokacin shakatawa;
• asarar sani.

Fitowar irin waɗannan alamun ya zama dalilin haɗarin carbohydrates nan da nan da kuma neman taimakon likita.

Gaggawa - algorithm mataki

Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su tabbata sun gaya wa dangin su game da fasalolin warkarwa, da kuma yiwuwar haɗarin haɗari Wannan ya zama dole ga mutanen da ke kusa su ɗauki matakan da suka dace don kawar da alamun bayyanar cutar rashin haila.

Taimako na farko ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:

1. Sanya mara lafiya a gefe ɗaya don hana ciwan ciki sakamakon amai da shigar shigar cikin hanyoyin jiragen sama. Godiya ga wannan halin, yana yiwuwa a nisantar da ƙananan harshe.
2. Saki jijiyoyin baka daga abinci (in ya zama dole).
3. Rufe mai haƙuri tare da barguna masu dumin yawa.
4. Kullum saka idanu da bugun jini da kuma motsi na mara haƙuri. Idan ba su nan, yana da gaggawa a fara yin tausayar zuciya kuma a yi numfashi na mutum (idan ya cancanta).
5. Idan mai haƙuri yana da ayyukan haɗiye, kuna buƙatar sanya shi shan abin sha. A matsayin wani madadin, Sweets ko kowane Sweets ba zai yi aiki ba, saboda za a sha dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, kan aiwatar da cin muffin ko cakulan, yanayin majinyacin na iya karuwa, yana iya rasa hankali ko cakulan.
6. Idan babu carbohydrates a hannu da kuma kiyaye azabar jin zafi a cikin mutum, to sakin catecholamines (adrenaline, serotonin da dopamine) yakamata a kunna ta amfani da kisa ko pinching.
7. Taimako na farko ga mutum a cikin halin rashin sani ya kamata ya ƙunshi ɗaukar matakan haɓaka matakan sukari. Idan akwai sirinji tare da glucagon, ya kamata a gudanar da shi ga mai haƙuri subcutaneously (a cikin girma na 1 ml) ko cikin cikin ciki. Sannan kuna buƙatar kiran motar asibiti.

Yana da mahimmanci a sami damar rarrabe alamu na halin rashin haihuwar jini daga cutar rashin haila. A cikin farkon zane, ya kamata a gudanar da mai haƙuri, kuma a cikin na biyu - insulin. Kuskuren amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana ƙara haɗarin mutuwa.

Don kaucewa farawa daga yanayin barazanar rayuwa, mai haƙuri yakamata ya ɗauki ƙaramin carbohydrates don hana ƙarin faɗuwar cutar glycemia, sannan sai a auna matakin glucose tare da glucometer. Bayan samun sakamakon gwajin, ya zama dole a dauki matakan da suka dace da matakin nunawa (allura cikin insulin ko allurar glucose), sannan a jira likitocin su isa.

Bambancin ganewar asali

Ana gano ƙwayar insulin a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, kazalika da samun rikice-rikice a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Babban gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje shine samfurin jini don auna glucose.

Don coma, raguwa a cikin nuna alama ba ta da 2 mmol / l. Ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suka yi fama da cututtukan hyperglycemia a koyaushe, faɗuwar darajar sukari har zuwa 6 mmol / L ana kuma ɗauka yanayin yanayin cututtukan cuta. A irin waɗannan halayen, yanke hukunci na sanadin coma na iya zama da wahala. Ka'idar glycemia ga mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari shine 7 mmol / L.

Kasancewa cikin rashin sani shima yana wahalar da cutar. Babu wani lokacin da za a gudanar da gwajin jini, don haka likita na iya bambanta hyperglycemia daga hypoglycemia kawai ta hanyar mai da hankali kan bayyanar waje (bushewa, launi na fata, tafin hannu, huɗa). Duk wani jinkiri na iya tsadar rayuwar mai haƙuri.

Abubuwan bidiyo akan abubuwan da ke haifar da kwayar cutar sankara yayin ciwon sukari:

Inpatient magani

Taimakawa a cikin tsarin asibiti ya haɗa da waɗannan ayyukan:

1. 40 allura a ciki ko 60 ml na glucose wanda ke da haɗarin 40%.
2. Idan babu sakamako na allura, ana baiwa mara lafiya daddawa don samar da maganin glucose na 5% har sai hankali ya dawo gare shi.
3. Tare da coma mai zurfi, mai haƙuri kuma ƙari ne a allura tare da 200 MG na hydrocortisone.
4. A wasu halaye, kuna iya buƙatar yin allurar subcutaneous na adrenaline a cikin adadin 1 ml na mafita (tare da maida hankali 0.1%) ko chloride ephedrine.
5. Idan mai haƙuri yana da mummunan jijiya, to, a madadin madadin allura ta ciki, ana amfani da daskararren ƙwayar glucose ko kuma amfani da enema a cikin adadin 500 ml.
6. Inganta aikin zuciya na iya buƙatar amfani da maganin kafeyin, kohorhor, ko makamantansu.

Alamun tasiri na ayyukan da kwararrun suka ɗauka:

• dawo da hankali a cikin mara lafiya;
• bacewar dukkan alamu.
• al'ada na glucose.

Idan yanayin mai haƙuri bai inganta ba bayan sa'o'i 4 daga lokacin shigar allura ta glucose, to haɗarin haɓaka rikitarwa kamar haɓakar cerebral ya zama mafi girma. Sakamakon wannan yanayin na iya zama ba kawai rauni ba, har ma da mutuwa.

Sakamakon kuma hasashen

Sakamakon mutumin da ya kamu da matsalar rashin haihuwa na iya bambanta. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsawon lokacin mummunan tasirin rashin ƙwayar carbohydrates akan yanayin ƙwayoyin jikin da aikin gabobin ciki.

Matsaloli:

• edema;
• rikicewar rikicewa a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (tsarin juyayi na tsakiya);
• ci gaban encephalopathy saboda lalacewar sel kwakwalwa;
• matsalar tashin jini;
• farkon farawar iskar oxygen din neurons;
• mutuwar ƙwayar jijiya wanda ke haifar da lalata mutum;
• Yaran da suka sha wahala a rayuwa sukan zama masu sakaci cikin tunani.

Wani nau'i mai laushi na girgiza insulin zai iya haifar da rikicewar aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci na tsarin juyayi. Matakan magance warkewa na gaggawa na iya mayar da matakan glucose cikin sauri tare da kawar da alamun bayyanar cututtukan jini.

A wannan yanayin, alamun wannan yanayin bai bar wata alama ba game da ci gaba mai haƙuri. Mummunan siffofin coma, rashin isassun matakan haifar da mummunan sakamako, gami da haɓakar bugun jini da haɓakar hanji.

Abubuwan bidiyo akan hypoglycemia:

Matakan hanawa

Bayyanuwar insulin ya ta'allaka ne saboda farawar haila. Don hana raguwa cikin glucose, ya kamata a lura da tsarin kulawa da hankali, kuma ya kamata a dauki matakan kariya.

Mummunan shawarwari:

• saka idanu mai nuna alamar glycemia - don wannan ya isa a sanya ido ga ƙimar glucose kafin da bayan abinci, da kuma abubuwan ciye-ciye marasa tsari;
• saka idanu kan yadda ake yin fitsari;
• lura da yanayin kafin da bayan allurar insulin;
• zabi madaidaicin kashi na insulin da likitanku ya tsara;
• Kada ku bar gida ba tare da shaye-shaye ba;
• Karka kara yawan sutturar kwayoyi don kanka;
• bi abinci da abincin da likita ya kafa;
• bincika glycemia kowane lokaci kafin motsa jiki;
• don gaya wa mutane game da duk rikice-rikicen da ke tattare da cutar, da koya musu ka'idodi na halin ɗabi'a lokacin da yanayin rashin lafiyar ya faru.

Yana da mahimmanci ga duk mutane, musamman ga manya, su riƙa yin gwaje-gwaje na lokaci-lokaci daga likita don gano ciwon sukari a farkon matakan haɓaka shi. Wannan zai taimaka wajen hana ci gaba da rikitarwa da yawa, gami da rashin jini, har a cikin wadanda basu san cigaban cutar ba.