Metformin: abin da aka wajabta, umarnin, sakamako masu illa

Magungunan cutar sankara mafi yawanci da ake amfani dasu a duniya shine Metformin, kuma mutane miliyan 120 ke amfani da shi kowace rana. Tarihin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da fiye da shekaru goma na shekaru shida, wanda a cikin wannan lokacin ana yin bincike mai yawa, wanda ke tabbatar da inganci da amincin marasa lafiya. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da Metformin don kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 don rage juriya na insulin, amma a wasu lokuta ana iya amfani dashi don hana haɓakar cututtukan carbohydrate kuma a matsayin ƙari ga ilimin insulin don cutar ta 1.

Magungunan yana da mafi ƙarancin contraindications kuma ba shi da cikakkiyar sakamako na kowane ɓangare na sauran wakilai na hypoglycemic: ba ya kara haɗarin haɗarin hypoglycemia.

Abin takaici, Metformin har yanzu yana da aibobi. Dangane da sake dubawa, a cikin biyar na marasa lafiya tare da ci, an lura da rikicewar gastrointestinal. Yana yiwuwa a rage yiwuwar amsawa ga miyagun ƙwayoyi daga tsarin narkewar abinci ta hanyar ƙara yawan sashi kuma ta amfani da sababbin ci gaba, tsawaita-saki.

Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce

• Normalization na sukari -95%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya -90%
• Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare -97%

Manuniya na Metformin

Metformin ya samo asali don maganin ɗan akuya, wata shuka gama gari da ke da alaƙa da keɓantar da sukari. Don rage yawan guba da haɓaka tasirin bunsuru, an fara aikin akan rarraba abubuwa masu aiki daga gare shi. Sun juya su zama biguanides. A halin yanzu, Metformin shine kawai magani a cikin wannan rukuni wanda ya sami nasarar wucewa da kariya ta aminci, ragowar ya zama cutarwa ga hanta kuma ya ƙara haɗarin haɗarin lactic acidosis.

Sakamakon tasiri da ƙananan sakamako masu illa, magani ne na farko-farko a cikin lura da ciwon sukari na 2, wato, an tsara shi da farko. Metformin baya haɓaka aikin insulin. Akasin haka, saboda raguwar sukari na jini, ana daina samar da hormone a cikin ƙara, wanda yawanci yakan faru ne lokacin da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ya fara.

A liyafar ta ba ka damar:

1. Thearfafa amsawar sel zuwa insulin, wato, rage juriya na insulin - babban dalilin rikicewar carbohydrate a cikin mutane masu kiba. Metformin a hade tare da abinci da danniya na iya rama ga masu ciwon sukari na 2, yana da matuƙar iya warkar da ciwon suga da taimakawa kawar da cutar sikari.
2. Rage yawan shan carbohydrates daga hanji, wanda ya kara rage sukarin jini.
3. Don rage gudu samar da glucose a cikin hanta, wanda matakinsa a cikin jini yana raguwa akan komai a ciki.
4. Tasirin tsarin lipid na jini: haɓaka abubuwan da ke cikin yawan ƙwayoyin lipoproteins a ciki, rage cholesterol da triglycerides masu cutarwa ga tasoshin jini. Wannan sakamako yana rage haɗarin cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun jini.
5. Inganta resorption na sabo clots a cikin tasoshin, raunana adhesion na leukocytes, wato, rage haɗarin atherosclerosis.
6. Rage nauyin jiki, akasari saboda mafi haɗari ga metabolism na fat visceral. Bayan shekaru 2 na amfani, nauyin marasa lafiya ya faɗi da 5%. Tare da rage yawan cin caloric, sakamakon asarar nauyi yana inganta sosai.
7. Sauke jini mai gudana a cikin kasusuwa na gefe, wato, inganta abincinsu.
8. Don haifar da ovulation tare da kwayar polycystic, saboda haka, ana iya ɗauka lokacin da ake shirin daukar ciki.
9. Kare kansa daga cutar kansa. Wannan matakin a bude yake kwanan nan. Nazarin sun bayyana bayyananniyar maganin antitumor a cikin magani; hadarin bunkasa oncology a cikin marasa lafiya ya ragu da 31%. Underarin aikin yana gudana don yin nazari da tabbatar da wannan sakamako.
10. Rage tsufa. Wannan shine mafi girman tasirin Metformin, anyi gwaje-gwaje ne kawai akan dabbobi, sun nuna karuwa a cikin rayuwar rayuwa na mashin gwaji. Babu wani sakamakon cikakken gwaji na asibiti tare da halartar mutane, don haka yana da wuri a faɗi cewa Metformin yana tsawaita rayuwa. Zuwa yanzu, wannan magana gaskiya ce kawai ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari.

Sakamakon tasiri na jiki da yawa, alamomi don amfani da Metformin ba'a iyakance kawai ga maganin cututtukan type 2 ba. Ana iya cin nasara cikin nasara don magance rikicewar carbohydrate, don sauƙaƙe asarar nauyi. Nazarin ya nuna cewa a cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari (raunin glucose mai rauni, kiba, hauhawar jini, insulin wuce haddi) tare da Metformin kadai, ciwon sukari ya kasance kashi 31% ba zai iya faruwa ba. Dietara abinci da ilimin ilimin motsa jiki a cikin makirci ya inganta sakamako mai mahimmanci: 58% na marasa lafiya sun sami damar guje wa ciwon sukari.

Metformin yana rage haɗarin dukkanin rikicewar cutar ta 32%. Magungunan yana nuna sakamako musamman masu ban sha'awa a cikin rigakafin macroangiopathies: da alama yiwuwar bugun zuciya da bugun jini an rage su da 40%. Wannan matakin yana kama da tasirin ƙwararrun likitanci - magunguna don matsin lamba da siffofin mutum.

Nau'i na sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi da sashi

Magungunan asali da ke dauke da Metformin ana kiranta Glucofage, alama ce ta kamfanin Faransa na Merck. Saboda gaskiyar cewa sama da shekaru goma sun shude tun haɓaka magunguna da samun lamban mallaka don shi, samar da magunguna tare da wannan abun da ya ƙunshi - kwayoyin, a halatta.

Dangane da nazarin likitocin, shahararrun masu inganci daga cikinsu:

• Siofor na Jamusanci da Metfogamma,
• Israel Metformin-Teva,
• Glyfomin na Rasha, Novoformin, Formmetin, Metformin-Richter.

Kwayoyin halitta suna da fa'ida wanda ba za a iya shakatawa ba: sun fi ƙoshin lafiya fiye da na asali magani. Ba su da matsala ba: saboda halayen samarwa, sakamakon su na iya zama ɗan rauni kaɗan, kuma tsaftacewa mafi muni. Don ƙirar allunan, masana'antun zasu iya amfani da wasu masu farashi, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin sakamako masu illa.

An fito da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin nau'i na Allunan don maganin baka, sashi na 500, 850, 1000 MG. Ana ganin tasirin rage yawan sukari a cikin rikicewar ƙwayoyin metabolism daga farawa daga 500 MG. Ga masu ciwon sukari, kashi mafi kyau shine 2000 MG.. Tare da karuwa a ciki zuwa 3000 MG, tasirin hypoglycemic yana ƙaruwa sosai da haɗarin sakamako masu illa. Furtherarin kara yawan sashi ba kawai bane mai tasiri ba, har ma yana da haɗari. Idan allunan 2 na 1000 MG ba su isa su daidaita glycemia ba, ana buƙatar majiyyacin ƙarin magunguna masu rage sukari daga wasu rukuni.

Baya ga Metformin tsarkakakke, ana samar da magunguna masu haɗari don ciwon sukari, alal misali, Glibomet (tare da glibenclamide), Amaryl (tare da glimepiride), Yanumet (tare da sitagliptin). Dalilinsu ya barata a cikin ciwon sukari na dogon lokaci, lokacin da aikin huhu ya fara lalacewa.

Hakanan akwai magunguna tare da tsawaitawa - ainihin Glucofage Long (sashi 500, 750, 1000 mg), analogues Metformin Long, Gliformin Prolong, Tsarin Longine. Saboda tsarin musamman na kwamfutar hannu, shayar da wannan magani yana raguwa, wanda ke haifar da raguwa sau biyu cikin yawan tasirin sakamako daga hanji. An kiyaye sakamako na hypoglycemic. Bayan Metformin ya tuna, yanki mara aiki na kwamfutar hannu an keɓance shi a cikin feces. Iyakar abin da wannan ja da baya shine ƙaramin ƙaruwa a matakin triglycerides. In ba haka ba, ingantaccen sakamako akan bayanan lipid na jini ya ragu.

Yadda ake ɗaukar metformin

Fara shan Metformin tare da kwamfutar hannu 1 na 500 MG. Idan an yarda da maganin sosai, ana ƙaruwa sashi zuwa 1000 MG. Tasirin rage yawan sukari a hankali, ana samun raguwar raguwa cikin glycemia bayan makonni 2 na gudanarwa. Sabili da haka, ana ƙaruwa da kashi 500 a cikin mako guda ko biyu, har sai an biya dila. Don rage mummunan tasiri akan narkewa, ana rarraba kashi yau da kullum zuwa kashi 3.

Sanadiyar sakin saki mai santsi ya fara sha tare da kwamfutar hannu 1, karo na farko da aka daidaita satin bayan kwana 10-15. Matsakaicin da aka ba da izini shine Allunan 3 na 750 MG, Allunan 4 na 500 MG. Dukkanin maganin yana shan maye a lokaci guda, yayin abincin dare. Allunan ba za a iya murƙushe su ba sannan kuma a rarrabe zuwa sassa, tunda keta tsarin su zai haifar da asarar tsawan aiki.

Kuna iya ɗaukar Metformin na dogon lokaci, hutu a cikin magani ba a buƙatar. Lokacin cin abincin, ba a soke rage abincin da keɓaɓɓu da motsa jiki ba. A gaban mai kiba, suna rage yawan adadin kuzari.

Yin amfani da dogon lokaci na iya haifar da rashin bitamin B12, don haka masu ciwon sukari da ke shan Metformin yakamata su ci kayan dabbobi a kowace rana, musamman hanta, kodan da naman sa, kuma a ɗauki gwajin shekara-shekara don ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi na B12.

Haɗin metformin tare da wasu magunguna:

Side effects da contraindications

Sakamakon sakamako daga shan Metformin da yawan aukuwar su:

Lactic acidosis yanayi ne mai matukar wahala amma yanayin mutuwa. A cikin umarnin don amfani, an rarraba sashi gaba ɗaya a gare shi. Yiwuwar acidosis yana da girma tare da:

• yawan adadin sukari na metformin;
• barasa;
• gazawar koda
• rashin isashshen oxygen saboda angiopathy, anemia, cutar huhu;
• tsananin rashi na bitamin B1;
• cikin tsufa.

Musamman kulawa lokacin ɗaukar Metformin ya kamata a biya shi don dacewa da giya. A tsananin contraindication ga yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne giya, musamman tare da matsalolin hanta. Ko da kuna shirin shan gilashin giya gaba ɗaya, Metformin na yau da kullun ya kamata a soke cikin sa'o'i 18, tsawaita - a rana. Irin wannan dogon hutu zaiyi matukar tsananta sakamakon cutar sikari, saboda haka ya fi hankali barin giya gaba daya.

A cewar marasa lafiya, narkewar abinci da raunin dandano yawanci ɗan lokaci ne kuma suna ɓacewa da zaran jiki ya dace da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Mafi yawan lokuta sukan wuce ba tare da magani ba bayan sati 2. Don rage rashin jin daɗi, sashi yana ƙaruwa daidai. A wasu halaye, zai fi kyau sauyawa zuwa mafi kyawun haƙuri Glucophage Long.

Jerin contraindications:

1. Yanayin da ke buƙatar maganin insulin na wucin gadi sune rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari (ketoacidosis, precoma da coma), tiyata, bugun zuciya, bugun zuciya.
2. Cutar amai da gudawa, farawa daga mataki na 3.
3. Cutar koda, ta rikitarwa na ɗan lokaci ta rashin ruwa, girgiza, kamuwa da cuta.
4. A baya can canja wurin lactic acidosis.
5. Rashin adadin kuzari mara yawa (1000 kcal ko lessasa da).
6. Ciki Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ya kamata a daina barin Metformin kuma an ba da shawarar insulin far a matakin shiryawa.

Ba contraindication bane don ɗaukar Metformin, amma yana buƙatar ƙarin duba lafiyar likita a cikin shekaru 60, idan mai haƙuri yana da cutar koda ko yana cikin matsananciyar damuwa. Magungunan zai iya shiga cikin madarar nono, amma ba a sami sakamako mai kyau ba a kan jaririn. Lokacin ciyarwa an ba shi izini tare da alama a umarnin don amfani "tare da taka tsantsan". Wannan yana nufin cewa shawarar ta ƙarshe ta likita ce, yin la'akari da yuwuwar fa'idodi da illolin Metformin.

Analogs na metformin - yadda za a maye gurbin?

Idan ba a yarda da Metformin da kyau ba, ana iya maye gurbin shi da wani magani mai cikakken amfani ko cikakken misalin wata masana'anta.

A gaban contraindications, an zaɓi magani tare da irin kayan aikin aiki, amma tare da abun da keɓaɓɓen abun da ke ciki:

Canjin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata a yi kawai kamar yadda likita ya umarce shi kuma a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa.

Slimming Tsarin aiki

Metformin na iya taimakawa kowa ya rasa nauyi. An tabbatar da ingancinsa kawai tare da kiba a ciki. Ya fi zama ruwan dare a cikin maza, babban nauyi mai nauyi yana tarawa cikin ciki a cikin hanyar kitse na visceral. An tabbatar da cewa Metformin yana taimakawa ragewa ko kiyaye nauyin jikin mutum, rage yawan kitsen visceral, kuma a cikin dogon lokaci - ingantacciyar hanyar sake samar da kitsen mai akan jikin mutum. Ana ba da shawarar cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi na iya shafar tsarin mai juyayi, yana rage yawan ci. Abin baƙin ciki, ba duk lura da wannan sakamako ba.

An ba da shawarar yin amfani da Metformin don asarar nauyi kawai don marasa lafiya tare da kiba (BMI≥30) ko lokacin da aka haɗa nauyin nauyi (BMI≥25) tare da ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, atherosclerosis. A wannan yanayin, maganin ya fi tasiri, tunda yawancin irin waɗannan masu haƙuri suna da juriya na insulin.

Wasu majiyoyi sun ambaci magani a matsayin mai hana karuwar karas a cikin hanji. A gaskiya shi baya hana shan glucose, amma yana rage shi kawai, adadin kuzari na abinci zai kasance iri ɗaya ne. Sabili da haka, bai kamata ku yi ƙoƙarin rasa poundsan fam akan Metformin don cimma daidaitaccen adadi ba. A cikin wannan shi ba mataimaki bane.

Slimming Tasiri

Ba za a iya kiran Metfomin ingantacciyar hanya ba don asarar nauyi. Dangane da bincike, yin amfani da magani na dogon lokaci yayin riƙe halayen cin abinci na baya yana ba da nauyin kilogiram 0.5-4.5. An lura da mafi kyawun sakamako a cikin rukuni na marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan metabolism: lokacin shan 1750 MG na Glucofage Tsawon kowace rana, matsakaicin nauyin asara a watan farko shine 2.9 kg. A lokaci guda, glycemia da matakan lipid na jini ya koma al'ada, kuma karfin jininsu ya ragu kadan.

Jurewar insulin yana haifar da karuwar kwayar insulin, wanda ke hana rushewar kitse, kuma tsarin rasa nauyi yana raguwa. Tare da juriya insulin ta hanyar nazarin, shan Metformin yana baka damar "tura" metabolism kuma fara aiwatar da nauyi. A zahiri, mutum ba zai iya yin ba tare da ƙarancin kalori, kuma mafi kyau, ƙarancin carb. Zasu taimaka wajen haɓaka metabolism da kowane wasanni.

Malysheva game da Metformin

Mashahurin mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin-Elena Malysheva yayi magana akan Metformin na musamman a matsayin hanya don tsawan rayuwa, ba tare da ambata cewa ainihin shaidun kimiyya ba su gabatar da wannan ba. Don rage nauyi, tana bayar da daidaitaccen, mai ƙarancin kalori. Tare da koshin lafiya, wannan dama ce ta gaske don kawar da kiba mai yawa. Mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari ba za su iya bin irin wannan abincin ba, tunda ana cike shi da carbohydrates.

Zaɓin magani

Thearfafawar Glucofage da ƙirar ta analogues yana kusa, farashin kuma ya bambanta dan kadan, don haka babu damuwa wanne zaɓi. Magunguna masu dadewa suna da haƙuri da kyau, kuma akwai ƙarancin haɗarin tsallakewa, saboda yana shan maye sau ɗaya a rana.

Metformin don cututtukan thyroid

Idan matakan da ke sama ba su ba da sakamako ba, kuma nauyin yana tsayawa har yanzu, kuna buƙatar kula da yanayin ƙwayar cuta. Yana da kyau a dauki gwaje-gwaje don maganin cututtukan jini (thyrotropin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine) da kuma ziyartar mahaukacin ilimin endocrinologist. An yarda da maganin Hormone don haɗaka tare da amfani da Metformin.

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