Cutar sankara ta Phosphate ita ce ɗayan cututtukan da ba kasafai ake samu a cikin ilimin yara ba.
Wannan cuta ce da ke haifar da asali, ta hanyar kwatankwacin rickets, wanda ke faruwa a kan asalin cutar rashin ƙarfi da keɓaɓɓe a cikin tubules na koda.
Irin waɗannan canje-canjen suna haifar da haɓakar hypophosphatemia, ƙwayar ƙwayar calcium da phosphorus mai rauni a cikin jijiyoyin hanji kuma, a sakamakon haka, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙashi na ƙasa mara kyau.
Kamar yadda kuka sani, mafi mahimmancin kayan kasusuwa shine kashin kalori, wanda mutum yake karɓa daga mahallin tare da abinci mai ɗorewa. Samuwar wannan sinadaran an inganta shi ta hanyar mahallin phosphorus.
Cutar pathogenesis ta cutar sankara ta phosphate tana da alaƙa da maye gurbi wanda yake haifar da cikas a cikin aikin fitsari daga ƙwaƙwalwar koda, wanda hakan ke haifar da jerin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan da suka danganci lalacewar kasusuwa, lalata, da karuwa.
Me yasa cutar ta tashi?
Cutar sankara ta Phosphate a cikin yara shine sakamakon maye gurbi a ɗayan kwayoyin halittar da suke kan X chromosome.
An gaji cutar ta hanyar nau'in cutar, wato, daga mahaifin mara lafiya zuwa ga dukkan mata, kuma daga mahaifiya mara lafiya zuwa yaran maza 50% da kuma 25% na girlsan mata (in dai matar ce kawai ke fama da cutar).
A cikin ilimin yara, ana gano cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, wanda ke faruwa tare da cutar kansa na ƙodan, kuma ana gano su.
A cikin magani, ana kuma rarrabe ciwon sukari na paraneoplastic, wanda ke faruwa saboda haɓaka abubuwan da ke haifar da abubuwan hormone na ƙwayoyin cuta. Kari ga wannan, wannan cutar na iya kasancewa wani ɓangare na rikice-rikice na tsarin, musamman cutar Fanconi.
Ta yaya ake bayyana cutar?
A cikin likitancin zamani, al'ada ce ta bambanta manyan nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan jini, waɗanda ke bayyana a asibiti daga farkon shekarun rayuwar ƙaramin haƙuri kuma suna da siffofin halayen nasu.
Nau'in nau'in I phosphate na ciwon sukari ko hypophosphatemia da ke da alaƙa da X chromosome cuta ce ta gado, babban abin da yake lalacewar reabsorption na phosphorus a cikin renal tubules, wanda ke haifar da raguwa da haɓakar phosphates a cikin jini, haɓakar phosphaturia da bayyanar rickets-like canje-canje a kasusuwa masu ƙarfi isasshen allurai na bitamin D.
Cutar ta bayyana a cikin shekaru biyu na farko na rayuwar jariri kuma an bayyana ta ta bayyanar alamun bayyanannan:
- jinkirta ci gaba a kan asalin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙwayar tsoka;
- rashin ci gaba ko cikakkiyar rashin en en kan hakora;
- asarar gashi
- bayyanar valgus nakasar ƙananan ƙarshen, yana bayyana tare da matakan farko na yaro;
- alamun rediyo na alamun rickets, wanda ke ci gaba tare da abubuwan da aka saba samu na bitamin D;
- raguwa a matakin phosphates a cikin jini da karuwa a cikin fitsari;
- jinkiri samuwar tsarin musculoskeletal gwargwadon shekaru.
Cutar Sikila ta II a cikin jini wani nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ce wanda aka keɓance na hypophosphatemia, wanda shine babba na autosomal kuma ba a haɗa shi da chromosome jima'i ba.
Nau'in nau'in II phosphate na ciwon suga da alamu kamar su:
- farkon barkewar cutar daga shekaru 12;
- mahimmancin ɓoye na ƙananan ƙarshen zuwa da nakasar kwarangwal;
- karancin ci gaba da tsufa da jijiyoyin jiki;
- alamu na rediyo na alamun rickets mai laushi da osteomalacia na ƙashin ƙashi;
- A cikin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje, akwai raguwar yawan phosphates a cikin jini da karuwar yawa a cikin fitsari a kan matakan alli na al'ada.
Kwayar cutar sankara ta Phosphate nau'in III ko munafurci ta cuta cuta ce ta ƙabilar ƙwayar cuta wacce aka gada ta wata hanya ta rashin abinci kuma takamaiman dogaro ne akan bitamin D. Alamomin farko na cutar suna bayyana har a jariri.
Lokacin bincika ƙaramin haƙuri, yana yiwuwa a tantance kasancewar alamu masu yawa, daga cikinsu:
- haushi, hawaye, juyayi;
- rage sautin tsoka;
- cututtukan mahaifa;
- ƙananan girma, saurin haɓakar lalata;
- ƙarancin haƙoran haƙoran haƙora;
- ƙarshen fara tafiya;
- hypophosphatemia an ƙaddara cikin jini, kuma hyperphosphaturia a cikin fitsari;
- canje-canje masu rikitarwa kamar rickets a bangarorin haɓaka, da alamomi na jimlar ƙwayoyin tsokar ƙwayar jijiyoyin ana yin su azaman rediyo.
Phosphate ciwon sukari nau'in IV ko rashi na bitamin D3 cuta ce mai gado da ake ɗauka ga yara daga iyaye a cikin yanayin farfadowa na autosomal kuma ya bayyana tun yana ƙarami.Alamomin masu zuwa suna halayyar Cutar Cutar Raba ta 4:
- valgus raunin lalacewa na ƙananan ƙarshen, curvature na sassa daban-daban na kashin;
- katsewa
- gashin kansa da hadaddun cututtukan hakori na enamel;
- X-rayyoyin suna gano alamun alamu.
Yaya za a tantance cutar?
Shawarwarin asibiti game da ciwon sukari na phosphate dangane da bincike na tsarin cututtukan cututtukan sun hada da halayen m na adadi da yawa na binciken da ke ƙayyade rikice-rikice na phosphate reabsorption a cikin tubules na koda.
Daga cikin matakan bincike sune:
- tarin bayanan tantancewa daga kalmomin iyayen yaran wadanda suka lura da bayyanar nakasar nakasu, yanayin kafafu, tsayayyen girma da makamantansu;
- jarrabawar haƙiƙa na karamin haƙuri tare da zaɓi na manyan abubuwan syndromes;
- bincike game da kwayoyin halittar jini don asarar jini ta 'X chromosome' da kuma tsatsar gado ga ci gaban hypophosphatemia;
- urinalysis, wanda babban adadin ƙwayoyin phosphate suke ɓoye;
- Nazarin X-ray na kasusuwa na kasusuwa tare da ma'anar wuraren osteomalacia, osteoporosis, takamaiman rikice-rikice a cikin sassan ci gaban;
- gwajin jini dakin gwaje-gwaje na jini don rage haɓakar phosphate a yawan abubuwan da ke cikin kazami.
Siffofin jiyya
Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, ciwon sukari na phosphate yana da wuyar magani, saboda haka ya kusan yiwuwa a hana rikicewar kasusuwa ƙasusuwa. A yau, godiya ga bincike na zamani, yana yiwuwa a inganta ƙididdigar, bisa ga abin da hypophosphatemia ya sami nasarar inganta gyaran likita, idan dai an gano cutar da wuri kuma an sami dabarun da suka dace don maganin.
Jiyya don ciwon sukari na phosphate ya ƙunshi:
- nadin manyan allurai na bitamin D (daga dubu 25 zuwa 250,000 raka'a / rana);
- amfani da alli, phosphorus;
- ci bitamin A da E, cakuda citrate.
Jiki a jiki na nakasar kasusuwa yakamata ya hada da darussan kwalliyar masarar, kazalika da tsawan dogon wando, wanda zai ba kasusuwa damar bunkasa a daidai wurin.
Shin zai yuwu a hana cutar?
Tun da cutar tana gado, ana iya hana ta kawai ta hanyar lura da dangi matasa a cikin shawarar kwayoyin yayin shirin daukar ciki.
Tattaunawar kwayoyin
Ya kamata a kula da matsalar musamman ga ma'aurata inda ɗaya daga cikin abokan yake fama da wannan cutar. Specialistwararren masanin da ya cancanci zai yi bayani game da yiwuwar samun lafiyayyen jariri tare da faɗakarwa game da haɗarin haifar da ɗa wanda zai gaji cutar ɗaya daga iyayensa.
Na biyu rigakafin cutar ta ƙunshi daidai lokacin gano masu yiwuwar haƙuri da kuma isasshen magani ga ƙananan yara waɗanda tuni suna da alamun farko na hypophosphatemia.Tare da ba da amsa ga matsalar, yaron yana da rikitarwa da sakamako masu yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da:
- lalacewa a bayan takwarorinsu na ci gaba ta jiki da ta hankali;
- bayyanar mummunar nakasar kashin baya da ƙananan ƙarshen;
- babban labarin cutar katako na hakori;
- murdiya kasusuwa na ƙashin ƙugu, na narkar da dantakinta;
- take hakkin haɓakar auditory a cikin kunnuwan tsakiyar kunne da asarar ji;
- urolithiasis da kuma gazawar haɓaka sakamakon shi.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Dr. Komarovsky akan karancin abinci da karancin Vitamin D a yara:
Gabaɗaya, tsinkayar cutar sankara ta phosphate abu ne mai kyau, amma irin waɗannan yara na iya buƙatar farfadowa na dogon lokaci da kuma daidaita rayuwa ta rayuwa tare da nakasa ƙashi. Irin waɗannan ƙananan marasa lafiya ya kamata a rijista suyi rijista a kai a kai kuma lokaci-lokaci suna tattaunawa game da yanayin su tare da kwararrun masana (endocrinologist, nephrologist).
