Ana daukar ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce mai tsananin rashin hankali ga mutum, tana buƙatar saka idanu akan yanayin da manyan kudade don tabbatar da magani.
Abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da cutar sankara - illa ga aikin koda, hanta, matsalolin zuciya. Sabili da haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bincika daidai kuma cikin tsari.
Ana lura da juriya na insulin ba kawai a cikin tsofaffi ba. A yau, yara marasa lafiya da yara sukan kamu da cutar. Amma tambaya mafi dacewa ita ce har yanzu ga mutanen da shekarunsu suka fi shekaru 55. Mene ne dalilin wannan fasalin, yadda za a gano musabbabin musababin cutar sankara?
Dalilai na ci gaba
Kamar yadda bincike na asibiti ya nuna, ciwon sukari mellitus, musamman nau'in II, yana faruwa ne akan asalin tsararren kwayoyin halittar jini (80% na bayyanar cututtuka). Akwai wasu dalilai na biyu wadanda suma suke bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban cutar.
Musamman, yana da mahimmanci a san abubuwa da yawa da ke haifar da ciwon sukari:
- kiba kowane wahala. Yana cikin metabolism na lipid akwai hadarin da ke da matukar mahimmanci ga mutanen da ke jinkirta ayyukan metabolism a jiki;
- yanayin damuwa na kowane irin ƙarfi da tsawon lokaci. Ga tsofaffi, yanayin damuwa ɗaya ya isa, a bango wanda za a sami haɓakar haɓakar jini, arrhythmia da kuma ƙara yawan ɓoyewar cortisol (hormone damuwa). Sakamakon damuwa na damuwa na yau da kullun, jiki zai iya amsawa ba daidai ba, tsokani bayyanar da juriya na insulin;
- rayuwa mai zaman kanta a hade tare da abinci mai ingancin abinci (keɓaɓɓu, ƙoshin dabbobi) bisa ga masu bayar da kuɗi suna haifar da tsinkayar cutar sankara.
Siffofin a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya
Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka girmi shekaru 50 sau da yawa suna da matakan haɓaka kwayoyin homon-contraor. An fara daga wannan zamani, akwai tsinkayar dabi'a zuwa ga samarda kwayoyin halitta na STH, ACTH, cortisol.
A ƙarshen wannan aikin, haƙurin glucose ya ragu. A aikace, alamomin da aka canza suna tsinkayar abubuwanda zasu iya tsara ci gaban ciwon sukari, duka dangane da yanayin gado kuma ba tare da shi ba.
Endocrinologists sun lura cewa kowace shekara 10 (bayan 50):
- matakin sukari ya sauka sau 0055 mmol / l (a kan komai a ciki);
- yawaitar glucose a cikin kwayoyin halitta (plasma) a cikin 1.5-2 hours bayan shigo da kowane abinci yana ƙaruwa da 0,5 mmol / L.
Waɗannan alamu ne kawai na matsakaita, waɗanda a rayuwa zasu iya bambanta.
A cikin tsofaffi, ba tare da la'akari da tsinkaya ba, maida hankali na HCT (glucose a cikin jini) ya bambanta da abubuwa da yawa, waɗanda aka ayyana a sama azaman na biyu. Sakamakon mafi girma ko ƙananan haɗari ga nau'in ciwon sukari na II a cikin masu ritaya.
Don yin bayani dalla-dalla, ya zama dole a cikin kuzarin don sanya ido kan abubuwan da ake amfani da su na jini bayan kowace abinci (bayan awanni 2). Numbersaruwar lambobi yana nuna cewa akwai matsaloli masu girma a cikin jiki, wanda a cikin tsufa yana nufin kasancewar ciwon sukari.
Take hakkin haƙuri (ƙarar alamun alamun plasma) zuwa glucose a cikin tsufa galibi shine sakamakon yawancin dalilai:
- raguwa daga tushen canje-canje masu tsufa a cikin ji na jijiyoyin jiki zuwa insulin;
- raguwa a cikin aikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, musamman - insulin insulin;
- Sakamakon incretins (hormones) yana raguwa saboda tsufa.
Hanyar ciwon sukari mellitus II t. Daga cikin masu fensho ana auna nauyin abubuwa kamar abubuwan haɗarin ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa.
Dangane da kididdigar masana ilimin endocrinologists, 80% na marasa lafiya da wannan cuta a baya suna da cutar hauka ko dyslipidemia. Irin waɗannan yanayi suna buƙatar magani na musamman (prophylactic ko inpatient).
Bayan wasu magunguna don cututtukan da ke sama, sakamako masu illa suna faruwa: take hakkin carbohydrate da metabolism na lipid. Waɗannan halayen suna rikitar da cututtukan metabolism waɗanda ke buƙatar gyara a cikin masu ciwon sukari.
Hoto na asibiti
Determinationudurin ciwon sukari a cikin tsofaffi yawanci bazuwar.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, marasa lafiya ko danginsu ba su mai da hankali ga rashin bayyanar cututtuka ba, wanda, a halin yanzu, alamomi ne masu mahimmanci na haɓaka wata cuta mai wahala.
Gajiya, rashin barci, jujjuyawar yanayi da cututtukan hoto na yau da kullun - waɗannan alamun halaye ne ga tsofaffi.
Saboda haka, mutane da yawa basa neman shawara, suna danganta dukkan alamu shekaru. A halin yanzu, waɗannan alamun ne, har ma da ƙarin adadin ruwan da aka ɗauka wanda ke nuna kasancewar cutar.
Menene haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin tsofaffi?
Kamar kowane cuta a cikin tsofaffi ko tsufa, masu ciwon sukari suna da maki masu haɗari waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don la'akari da duka marasa lafiya da kansu da danginsu:
- rikitarwa na jijiyoyin jini (macroangiopathy na manyan jijiya da jijiya);
- microangiopathy ko canji a cikin arterioles, capillaries, venules (atherosclerosis);
- ci gaban cutar na jijiyoyin jini;
- riskarin hadarin lalacewa ta hanyar taɓar infasawa;
- karuwar hadarin bugun jini;
- atherosclerosis na tasoshin ƙafafun.
Ya kamata a fahimci cewa microangiopathies (atherosclerosis) yana haɓaka cikin tsofaffi da sauri fiye da a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da irin waɗannan cututtukan tun suna ƙarami. A kan asalin ciwon sukari mellitus, irin waɗannan rikice-rikice mara kyau kamar raguwar hangen nesa (don cikakkiyar makanta), aikin retinopathy na baya, da kuma girgizar ruwan tabarau an bayyana.
A gaban cututtukan koda, nephroangiopathy, cututtukan pyelonephritis na kullum. Sau da yawa ana fama da cutar ƙwallon ƙafa. Wannan tsari yana tattare da raguwar jijiyar fata akan kafafu, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci akwai abin da yake haifar da creeps, kuma duk fatar ta bushe, kamar takarda nama.
Binciko
Idan kuna zargin ciwon sukari, likita ya ba da izinin yin binciken (aƙalla sau biyu) na abubuwan glucose na jini:
- glycated haemoglobin;
- albumin glycated;
- sukari mai azumi (plasma)> 7.0 mmol / l - mai nuna ciwon sukari;
- sukari na jini daga yatsa> 6.1 mmol / L shima alama ce ta ciwon suga.
Yana da mahimmanci la'akari da shaidar fitsari don kasancewar glucose, acetone. Binciken da likitan likitan ido, likitocin kwakwalwa ke dauka na tilas ne.
Magungunan magani
Kula da ciwon sukari zai buƙaci ba kawai lokaci mai yawa ba (aƙalla shekaru biyu), har ma da babbar ɓarnar kuɗi.Yawancin marasa lafiya, suna fatan samun waraka tare da taimakon shawarwari masu sauƙi, fara wani yanayi mai rikitarwa, yana tsokani samuwar cutar sikari.
Sugar a cikin wannan jihar ya wuce alamar 30 mmol / l (a ƙimar kasa da 5), magana ta zama tarko, tunani ba su dace ba. Ba wai kawai ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa ba ne suke lalata, harma da dukkanin gabobin ciki.
Magana game da magani a wannan yanayin yana da matukar wahala. Aikin shine na likita don ceton rai da inganta halayyar rayuwa. Yin magani na ciwon sukari shine kawai zaɓi na dama wanda zai iya tsayar da lafiyar, sannan kawai ya kula da yanayin al'ada.
Lokacin da zai yuwu a daidaita matakan sukari, ana bada shawara don amfani da increatins (mimetics, GLP-1). Amma, a kowane hali, yana da daraja fahimtar cewa ingancin rayuwa ya dogara da yanayin farkon mai haƙuri, kuma matakan da yawa na warkewa suna nufin rage sukari. A nan gaba, mara lafiya ne kawai ke lura da abincin, yana ɗaukar shawarar likitansa.
Magunguna da aka saba rubutowa:
- Metformin;
- Thiazolidinedione;
- Diabresid;
- Glemaz;
- Betanase;
- Glucophage;
- Bagomet;
- Vipidia;
- Galvus;
- Trazenta.
Magungunan mutane
Kula da ciwon sukari a gida shine fasahar bayyanar mutane wanda ke taimakawa a farkon matakan cutar ba tare da dogaro da insulin ba. Sauya huhun ciki babu shi.
Kuna iya inganta yanayin, mika gafarar cutar tare da hanyoyin tabbatar da jama'a:
- buckwheat da kefir. Grit grits (zai fi dacewa ba a soyayyen) a cikin adadin 1 tbsp. l zuba a gilashin kefir da daddare, kuma sha da safe. Yi haka na akalla wata guda;
- kayan ado na bay. Zuba ganye 8-10 tare da ruwan zafi, sannan a zuba ruwan zãfi (600-700 grams). Izinin kwantar da hankali, ɗauka a kan komai a ciki rabin gilashin don kwanaki 14;
- Boiled wake. Hakanan yana rage sukari sosai. Kawai hada shi a cikin abincinka;
- decoction na matattu ƙudan zuma. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ƙwayoyin zuma kada su yi rashin lafiya. Dafa ƙudan zuma 20 a cikin lita biyu na ruwa na awa 2. 200auki gram 200 a rana.
Abincin
Babban abu tare da ciwon sukari, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, shine matsakaici na aiki da abinci mai dacewa.
Ka fitar da kifin mai mai (marine), nama, da dukkan abubuwan da ke ƙunshe da sinadarin cholesterol daga abincin.
Yana da mahimmanci a cire kayan sabo da kayan burodi.
A mafi yawan lokuta, teburin cin abinci likita ne wanda ke jagorantar ta hanyar alamomin bincike, yanayin mai haƙuri da kuma cututtukan cutar. Yarda da duk ka'idodi suna taimakawa wajen inganta tasirin magani.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Game da ciwon sukari a cikin tsofaffi a cikin bidiyo:
