Cholesterol yana aiki a matsayin mai gina tantanin halitta a jikin mutum, wanda ba tare da wanda ingantaccen rayuwa ba zai yiwu ba, muddin yaduwar wannan abun a cikin jini baya keta tsarin rayuwa.
Abin da zai iya haifar da hauhawar cholesterol a cikin mutane, kowa ya sani.
Amma menene sakamakon babban cholesterol a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, tasoshin wanda tuni suna fama da cutar sukari.
Cholesterol da sukari na jini - shin akwai wata dangantaka?
Likitocin sun lura da dangantakar dake tsakanin cholesterol da sukarin jini. Amma tsawon lokaci sun kasa bayanin tsarin wannan dogaro. Kamar yadda daga baya ya juya, ana haifar dashi ta hanyar hadadden tsari na rayuwa a jikin mutum.
Yawan yawan sukari a cikin jini yana haifar da haifar da kitse da mummunan cholesterol, wanda ke haifar da karuwar abubuwan haɗari ga masu ciwon sukari.
Tsarin cholesterol yana tasowa tare da sarkar mai zuwa:
- cutar hawan jini yana haifar da juriya na kwayar insulin, wanda ke inganta ji na yunwar. Akwai buƙatar saturate jikin. Saboda yawan abinci mai yawa a jiki, yana tara mai mai yawa;
- insulin da ba'a bayyana ba yana da tasiri a cikin enzymes na hanta, daga cikinsu akwai wadanda ba tare da haɗin cholesterol ba zai yiwu ba. A sakamakon haka, ana lura da hauhawar matakan cholesterol a cikin jini;
Norms ga maza da mata ta shekaru
Haɗin ɗan adam ba shi da alaƙa da yawan sinadarin cholesterol da sukari a cikin jini. Matso kusa da wannan mai nuna alama shine al'ada, mafi kyawun mutum zai ji.
Kwalagin kwalliya na ajiye jini a cikin jini
Binciken da aka gudanar wanda ya bayyana dogara da kwayar cholesterol a shekaru daban daban ga maza da mata. An bayyana bukatar wannan hanyar ta hanyar cewa tare da shekaru, alamu na yau da kullun suna daukar dabi'u daban-daban na mace da namiji.
Daga haihuwa har zuwa menopause, da yawan kwalastawar jini a cikin mata ana rike ta ta hanyar kwayar halittar hormone, sannan, lokacin da ta cika shekaru 50, ta fara girma.
Bayan wannan, wasu yanayi na iya yin nasu gyara, misali:
- canjin yanayi yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa a cikin lokacin kaka-kaka, lokacin da ake ɗaukar sinadarin cholesterol a cikin mata, matsakaici, da kashi 3%;
- tare da farawa daga lokacin haila a ƙarƙashin tasirin jijiyoyin jima'i, wannan karkatarwa ta kusanci 8-10%;
- daukar ciki yana ba da gudummawa, kuma adadin kuzarin 15% an riga an dauke shi al'ada;
- wasu cututtuka, akasin haka, suna haifar da ƙananan cholesterol, kuma waɗannan sune: hauhawar jini, angina pectoris, matsanancin bugun jini, cututtukan ɓarna.
A cikin maza bayan shekaru 50, an rage cholesterol jini.
Wasu dabi'un dabi'un gama kumburi a cikin mata (a mmol / l):
- har zuwa shekaru 10 - 2.26 - 5.30;
- daga shekara 10-30 - 3.21 - 5.75;
- daga shekara 40-45 - 3.81 - 6.53;
- daga shekara 50-65 - 4.20 - 7.69;
- girmi shekaru 70 - 4.48 - 7.25.
Wasu dabi'un dabi'un jimlar cholesterol ga maza (a mmol / l)
- har zuwa shekaru 10 - 2.95-5.25;
- daga shekara 10-15 - 3.08-5.23;
- daga shekara 15-20 - 2.91-5.10;
- daga shekara 25-45 - 3.44-6.94;
- daga shekara 50-65 - 4.09-7.17;
- bayan shekaru 70 - 3.73-6.86.
Cutarwa da amfani
Ba tare da cholesterol ba, ba za a iya samar da kwayoyin halittun ba, furotin Vitamin D ne, ya zama enzymes masu aiki da narkewar abinci.
Yawan tasirin cholesterol da jikinmu yake samarwa ya isa sosai don biyan bukatun jikin. Ari, cholesterol yana cikin abinci.
Musayar cholesterol a jiki
Motsi na cholesterol ta hanyar tasoshin tsarin kebul yana gudana ne ta amfani da lipoproteins - ƙananan hadaddun gida, a cikinsu wanda yake da kitse (lipids), da waje - sunadaran (sunadarai). Duk hanyoyin lipoproteins sun kasu kashi biyu: babba (HDL) da ƙarancin (LDL).
Poarancin lipoprotein mai ƙima yana ɗaukar cutarwa. Yana da kusan insoluble cikin ruwa. Excessariyar LDL mai yawa a cikin jini yana haifar da ƙirƙirar filayen cholesterol. Sabanin haka, ana ɗaukar yawan lipoprotein mai yawa da amfani.
Aikinta shine tattara da isar da cholesterol a hanta don aiki da cirewar gaba daga jiki. Ana narkewa cikin ruwa sosai kuma baya yin faɗi.
Anaruwar yawan cholesterol mara kyau a cikin plasma yana haifar da bayyanar cututtukan zuciya, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci cewa abun cikin jini koyaushe al'ada ne.
Adadin cholesterol a cikin jini yana da babban bambanci tsakanin maza da mata. Ga mata, yana cikin 1.9 mmol / l, kuma ga maza - 0.85 mmol / l.
Babban cholesterol a nau'in 1 da nau'in 2 na ciwon sukari mellitus
Tare da haɓakar ciwon sukari, jinin mutum ya sami wasu kaddarorin: yana farawa tare. Wannan tsari yana hana wucewar lipids na kyauta, wanda hakan ke haifar da karuwa yayin yaduwarsu cikin jini.
Sama da jijiyoyin jini (endothelium) ya lalace saboda yawan sukari. Saitin lipids wanda yake jingina ga wuraren da ya lalace kuma ya zama gungu waɗanda ke daɗe da lumen.
Yawan ƙwayoyi da sukari da yawa suna tsoratar da ci gaban ciwon sikila. Wannan cuta tana shafar sautin dukkan tasoshin jini, manya da ƙanana.
Saboda haka, yakamata a kula da cholesterol akai-akai tare da aunawa akai-akai. A cikin marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sukari na 1 na sukari wanda ke kula da matakan sukari na jini, kusan babu karuwa a cikin cholesterol. Amma hoto cikakke ne daban-daban yana tasowa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 2.
Idan ana yin gwajin jini na lokaci-lokaci a cikin irin waɗannan masu haƙuri, karuwa a cikin jimlar cholesterol, low lipoproteins (LDL), ƙananan lipoproteins da triglycerides za a lura dasu.
A lokaci guda, matakin babban (LDL) da kuma lipoproteins sosai zasu ragu.
Smallarancin adadin ƙwayoyin maganin antigenic ya zama ba zai iya jimre da hauhawar ƙwayar cuta mara kyau ba. A sakamakon haka, hanyoyin atherosclerotic a cikin tasoshin za su ci gaba, toshewarsu (ƙulli) zai haifar da hypoxia na ƙwararrun sassan jikin, mahimmancin dystrophy har ma da necrosis. Ga mai ciwon sukari mai dauke da kwalakwala, wannan ita ce hanya kai tsaye ta haɓakar bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.
Hypocholesterolemia a cikin masu ciwon sukari
Don ingantaccen aiki na dukkanin tsarin jikin, dole ne a sami adadin kuzarin cholesterol. Wasu lokuta suna haɗuwa da irin wannan yanayin lokacin da isasshen adadin ƙwayoyin cholesterol a cikin jikin mutum, kuma hypocholesterolemia yana faruwa.
Alamarsa sune: cikakken rashin ci, jin rauni a cikin tsokoki, sassauyawar sassauci, kumburi mai kumburi, da kuma yanayin ƙoshin hanji. Hypocholesterolemia yana da haɗari ga sakamakonsa, mafi munin wanda yake shi ne bugun jini na basur.
Idan dukkanin tsarin jiki bai karɓi muhimmin bangaren ba, to, an samar da isasshen adadin a jikin:
- hormones masu mahimmanci kamar su testosterone, estrogen, cortisol;
- Vitamin D, ya zama dole don samar da gishirin da suka zama tushen sinadarin bile, ba tare da hakan ba shi yiwuwa a narke kitsen;
- narkewar ƙwayoyin bitamin na ƙungiyoyi A, E, K, hamayya da ci gaban oncology, cututtukan zuciya, damuwa yana raguwa.
Tare da taimakonsa, ana kare sel daga radicals, ana kiyaye sautin tsoka, juyayi, hanji da ƙashin ƙashi.
Menene haɗarin babbar cholesterol?
Idan matakin cholesterol a cikin jini ya kasance a babban matakin har tsawon lokaci, toshewar hypercholesterolemia. Wannan ba bincike bane, amma sanarwa ce ta gaskiya wacce ke tsokani cigaban atherosclerosis.
Kuma sau da yawa sau da yawa, hypercholesterolemia an haɗa shi da rashin daidaituwa da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.Hypercholesterolemia ne kawai za'a iya ganowa ta hanyar ɗaukar gwajin jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na cholesterol.
Matsayi Atherosclerosis
Amma wasu bayyanannun abubuwa na waje game da wannan lamarin, wanda ya haɗa da xanthomas (nodules a cikin ɓangaren tendons akan fata), xanthelasma (raƙuman rawaya a ƙarƙashin fata na ƙusoshin fata), kuma a cikin yanki na cornea - lipoid arc (rim gefen gefen cornea) bai kamata kawai faɗakarwa ba, amma kuma kawo canji hali zuwa ga abincinsu.
A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, yawan marasa lafiyar da suka rubuta adadin ƙwayar plasma cholesterol ya haura zuwa kashi 77%. Babban dalilin karuwa a LDL, masana kimiyya suna kira asalin kwayoyin halittar gado.
Matsayi mai yawa da girman girman lipoproteins yana shafar matakin triglycerides a cikin jinin mai ciwon sukari.
Hypertriglyceridemia yana haifar da karuwa a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin ƙananan ƙarami da sikelin LDL, wanda za'a iya glycosylated. Kwanan nan, ana karɓar ƙarin hankali ga matakin triglycerides. A cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, suna ƙara haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis.
Haɗakarwa tare da aikin insulin da shirye-shiryen sulfonylurea a kan tushen asarar nauyi zai iya haifar da raguwa a cikin ƙwayar triglyceride, amma a lokuta masu wuya. M, har ma da daidaituwa na glycemia, matakin triglycerides ya kasance mai girma.
Increasedara yawan manunin cholesterol yana kaiwa ga bayyanar:
- hawan jini (hauhawar jini);
- cututtukan zuciya;
- nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2;
- atherosclerosis na hanyoyin jini;
- bugun jini;
- maganin ciwon huhu
- bugun zuciya.
Wannan jerin jerin cututtukan da suka fi yawa. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar cholesterol shine babban dalilin, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban cututtukan koda, cututtukan zuciya, ciwon daji na huhu.
Dakin gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin "gida"
Kimanta matakin cholesterol ta hanyar yin gwajin jini ga wannan mai nuna. Ya kamata a shirya hanyar don guje wa kurakuran ganewar asali. Sakamakon zai iya haifar da mummunar sakamako game da abubuwan kamar abinci a cikin awanni 12 na ƙarshe kafin a fara gwajin gwaje-gwaje, shan giya, wasu magunguna, da shan sigari.
Ya kamata a cire abinci mai mai daɗi da kwana 3 kafin binciken. Don ganewar asali, akwai hanyoyi da yawa na gwaje-gwajen jini na jini don cholesterol.
Mafi yawan lokuta suna yin amfani da hanyar enzymatic na ganewar asali. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i, mara lafiya ya karɓi sakamakon a hannunsa a kan wasiƙar dakin gwaje-gwaje, inda aka nuna alƙaluman jimlar yawan kwayar cholesterol, da gungun sassanta.
Manuniya ya kamata su bi ƙa'idar:
- jimla - har zuwa 5.2 mg / mmol;
- da amfani - kasa da 1.1 mg / mmol;
- mai cutarwa - ba fiye da 3.5 mg / mmol ba.
Darajar wannan bincike shine cewa yana nuna rakaitar dukkan gutsutsutsin abinci na lipoproteins, dabi'un wadanda suke da mahimmanci a kimanta matsayin lafiya.
Wannan shawarar ana bada shawara ga mutane duka, ko da mutum ya kasance bashi da lafiya ko a'a. Zai taimaka wa mutane masu lafiya su daidaita abincinsu.
Ana iya auna sinadarin cholesterol a gida. Don wannan, ana amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cholesterol. Waɗannan na'urori masu nazarin suna aiki akan ka'idodin glucometer. Kit ɗin ya ƙunshi tsarukan gwaji tare da takamaiman murfin mahaɗan kemikal waɗanda ke amsa ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.
Godiya ga ginanniyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ana iya samun sakamako na aunawa wanda za'a iya kwatanta shi da kuma bincika shi. Wannan yana ba da damar kowane lokaci don sanin menene matakin cholesterol a cikin jiki kuma, idan akwai wuce kima na halayen da aka yarda, to, ɗauki matakan da suka dace.
Yadda za a saukar da sauri?
Don sauri saukar da cholesterol na jini, kuna buƙatar yin canje-canje a rayuwarku.
Sharuɗɗan rage ƙwayar cholesterol sune:
- canji a cikin ingancin abinci;
- cikakken kawar da munanan halaye, wadanda suka hada da shan taba, shan giya;
- haɓaka sabon al'ada mai kyau wanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da wasanni;
- aiwatar da sauke nauyin tunani (tunani).
Dukkanin shawarwarin da aka ambata a sama sun shafi mutanen da basu da alamun cutar a cikin hanta, hanta, tsarin endocrine. A gaban cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayar sukari mai rauni, tare da tsayayye na bile ko kuma yanayin rashin aiki na jiki, yana da wahala sosai don magance matsalar kuma ƙarin magunguna ya kamata a haɗa.
Magunguna
Yawancin kwayoyi sun haɓaka waɗanda ke shafar ayyukan ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jikin mutum yayin samin ƙwayoyin cholesterol.
Sunaye na yau da kullun don waɗannan kwayoyi shine statins. Lokacin ɗaukar statins, yawan rikicewar zuciya yana raguwa, kuma mace-mace a tsakanin marasa lafiya da atherosclerosis yana raguwa.
An ɗauke su na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin kulawar likitocin da ke halartar. Tare da bayyanar sakamako masu illa ko ƙwayar tsoka, za a sanar da likita nan da nan. An kimanta mahimmancin aikace-aikacen ta hanyar nazarin lokaci-lokaci na cholesterol.
Idan akwai cin zarafin cholesterol (a gaban ciwon sukari mellitus), ana bada shawara don amfani da Lipantil 200 M ko Tricor. Lokacin shan waɗannan magungunan, ci gaban rikice-rikicen da ciwon sukari ke haifar dashi an hana shi. Wadannan kwayoyin suna cire uric acid mai yawa daga jiki.
Allunan lipantil 200 M
Ba'a bada shawara don ɗauka tare da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba, kazalika da bayyananniyar bayyanannun gyada. Drugsarfin magunguna masu ƙarfi da aka saba amfani dasu sun hada da statins Atomax, Liprimar, Torvakard, da sauransu.
Don hanzarta rage ƙwayar cholesterol na rigakafi, da yawa daga cikin sababbin magunguna waɗanda suka dogara da rosuvastatin, an ƙaddamar da mafi ƙarancin wanda zai ba da sakamako mai kyau. Wadannan sun hada da: Rosucard, Rosulip, Tevastor, Krestor, da dai sauransu.
Magungunan magungunan gargajiya
Don rage cholesterol, ana ɗaukar kayan ado na ganyayyaki na ganyayyaki. Wannan magani yana dauke gaba daya mai lafiya.
Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta suna ba da sakamako mai kyau a haɗe tare da tsarin abinci:
- busassun furanni linden suna ƙasa cikin gari kuma suna ɗaukar tsp 1 sau uku a rana. tsawon kwanaki 30 tare da ruwa. Sannan a huta tsawon sati 2, kuma ana maimaita karatun;
- a cikin kaka, sabo ne rowan berries a cikin adadin 5 ana cinye shi a cikin kashi 1 sau uku a rana don kwanaki 4. Bayan mako guda, ana sake maimaita komai.
- yarrow (20 g) an haɗe shi da St John's wort (20 g) da arnica (10 g), zuba rabin lita na ruwan zafi mai sanyaya dan kadan, lokacin da ya zama mai sanyi, ɗauki jiko yayin rana;
- zai taimaka matuka don magance tasirin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwarya mai ƙanshi na Indiya, wanda suke shirya "madarar gwal". Da farko, turmeric foda an juya zuwa manna, don wannan 2 tbsp. l An hade turmeric tare da kofin 1/2 na ruwa kuma, ta amfani da hanyar matsewa, riƙe shi a kan zafi kaɗan na kimanin minti 10, sannan ba da damar manna don sanyaya kuma aika shi zuwa firiji. Yi amfani da buƙata.
An shirya abin sha na turmeric kamar haka: 1 awa yana nutsarwa cikin madara mai dumi.l turmeric, girgiza kuma sha nan da nan. Ana gudanar da jiyya kullum don wata 1.
A hade tare da zuma, turmeric yana da amfani sosai ga ciwon sukari. Don wannan, 1 tsp. turmeric, zuma da karamin guntu na kayan zaki ana hada su da gilashin shayi na yau da kullun. Wannan abin sha ne mai warkarwa, yana tsabtace tasoshin jini kuma yana taimakawa wajen daidaita matakan sukari na jini.
Abubuwan abinci masu amfani da ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki
Tare da bayyanar cututtuka na tasirin cholesterol a cikin ciwon sukari, dole ne kuyi taka tsantsan game da abincin ku.
Wannan yana nufin cewa samfuran da ke ƙunshe da ƙoshin dabbobi da kitsen kayan lambu waɗanda aka hydrogenated (margarine) yakamata a cire su.
Consideredaunar kitse kowace rana ga dattijo ana ɗauke shi 70 g, inda 20 g (1 tbsp) kawai ake keɓewa zuwa gajerar mai kitse mai daɗi. 50 g na jimlar kwastomomi ana lissafta su da ƙoshin lafiyayyiyar ƙoshin lafiya, waɗanda suke cikin mai kayan lambu, kwayoyi, da kifin teku.
Babu wanda ya yi kira da a cire cikakken mai mai, kawai kuna iyakance yawan amfaninsu, wato, canzawa samfuran da ke da ƙanƙaccen mai mai: nama mai ɗamara, madarar nonfat. Zai fi kyau bar watsi da kayayyakin abincin da aka sarrafa gaba ɗaya (sausages), iyakance keɓaɓɓu, kayan lefe.
Abubuwan abinci da zasu iya taimakawa rage yawan cholesterol sun hada da:
- tumatir (tare da kofuna biyu na ruwan tumatir a kowace rana, zaku iya inganta alamar cholesterol ta kashi goma);
- karas (tare da taimakon guda 2 a kowace rana na tsawon watanni 2, ana rage cholesterol da 15%);
- sabo tafarnuwa (ba shi da daidai a cikin tasirin tasoshin tsabtatawa);
- Peas (cupsaya daga cikin kofuna ɗaya da rabi kowace rana na wannan abincin da aka dafa a cikin wata guda zai haifar da raguwa a cikin LDL da 20%);
- kwayoyi (60 g kwayoyi a kowace rana, kuma rage yawan LDL an rage shi da 7%, kuma jimlar ta 5%);
- m kifi (acid na abinci mai kitse mai narkewa wanda yake a ciki yana rage jijiyoyin jini daga yawan kiba).
Bidiyo mai amfani
Ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki na sukari da hawan jini.
Idan ya zo ga lafiya, a mafi yawan lokuta ya dogara ne kawai ga mutumin da kansa. Idan kana da cholesterol mai tarin yawa tare da ciwon suga, to wannan yanayin zai kara cutar da cutar ne kawai.
A wannan yanayin, lokaci ya yi da za ku kula da kanku kuma ku haɗu da hanyar da ta dace da tunani da rayuwa. A cikin godiya, zaku sami shekaru masu yawa na rayuwa.
