Ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko kuma, a wasu halaye, nau'in na biyu yana nuna buƙatar insulin far.Haka kuma, ana iya gabatar da insulin a cikin jiki kawai tare da taimakon allura ko famfo; babu wasu hanyoyin insulin shiga cikin jikin da suke da inganci. Kwayoyin da aka wajabta don masu ciwon sukari na 2 kawai suna taimaka wa jiki samar da insulin da kansa.
Labarinmu zai mayar da hankali ga allura, wato yadda ake lissafin adadin insulin.
Tare da insulin nau'in 1, ƙwayar mutum ba ta da ikon samar da wannan hormone kamar kansa, wanda ya zama dole don rushewar carbohydrates a jiki. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, jikin ba zai iya jimre da adadin carbohydrates da aka karɓa ba, sannan mutum ko dai ya ɗauki magunguna waɗanda ke motsa samar da wannan ƙwayar, ko kuma (a cikin matakai na gaba na cutar) yana ɗaukar insulin ta allura.
Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa game da ciwon sukari na nau'ikan daban-daban, zaɓi na adadin insulin ana aiwatar dashi bisa ga algorithms iri ɗaya, duk da haka, idan ana buƙatar insulin nau'in 1 a kowace rana (kuma yana buƙatar kiyaye shi kusa da kullun), to, tare da nau'in insulin na 2 na ƙasa yana da ƙasa sosai.
Abinda kuke buƙatar sani kuma kuyi don lissafa insulin
Da farko kuna buƙatar biɗan abincin carb, wato, ƙoƙari ku haɗa da ƙarin sunadarai da ƙima fiye da carbohydrates a cikin abincinku. Idan mara lafiyar mai ciwon sukari bai bi wannan abincin ba ko kuma bai bi shi akai-akai ba, to ba zai yiwu a kirga yawan insulin din ba na maganin ciwon sukari, wanda zai kasance cikin lokaci-lokaci yana shiga jikin mutum, saboda zai canza kowane lokaci gwargwadon abubuwan da ke cikin carbohydrates. Idan ba ku bi abincin low-carbohydrate, to, kuna buƙatar allurar kowane lokaci tare da adadin insulin, wanda ke haifar da tsalle-tsalle wanda ba a so a cikin sukarin jini.
Hakanan, kuna buƙatar koyon yadda ake cin abinci kusan adadin carbohydrates a kowane abinci.
Auna sukari da jininka sau da yawa tare da mitirin glucose na jini don ganin lokacin da kuma me yasa yake canzawa. Wannan zai taimaka wajen kiyaye shi a cikin yanayin al'ada (4.5-6.5 mmol / l).
Ka tuna kuma cewa sukari yana yin abubuwa daban-daban a jikin mutum dangane da aikin jiki (nau'in su, adadinsu da tsawon shi), adadin abincin da aka dauka, tsarin yau da kullun da nau'in insulin.
Aiki na Jiki
Bayan da ba'a shirya ba ko gabatarwa na farko na motsa jiki da motsa jiki, matakan sukari a cikin jiki na iya canzawa - duka tashi da faduwa. Wajibi ne a yi la’akari da waɗannan tsalle-tsalle, kowane ɓangaren ƙwayoyin da ke amsawa daban-daban, saboda haka kwanakin 3-7 na farko na wasannin motsa jiki ko wasu nau'ikan motsa jiki ya kamata a auna tare da glucometer, matakan sukari na jini kafin da bayan motsa jiki; kuma idan sun yi tsayi, to a lokacin azuzuwan tare da yawan awoyi na 1p / 1-1.5. Dangane da canje-canjen da aka yi rikodin, yana da daraja a canza adadin insulin ɗin da aka ɗauka.
Yawan insulin da nauyin jiki
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana yin lissafin kashi na insulin la'akari da babban ma'aunin - nauyin jiki. Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna adadin sassan insulin ta 1 kilogram na nauyin mutum. Ya danganta da yanayin jikin mutum, waɗannan alamu suna da bambanci. Ingara yawan wannan alamar ta nauyinku, zaku sami darajar adadin yau da kullun na insulin.
Yawan carbohydrates wanda ke shiga jiki
Yawan insulin don ciwon sukari kai tsaye ya dogara da yawan lokacin da kuke ci. Duk abinci, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana dauke da carbohydrates, sunadarai da mai. Muna sha'awar carbohydrates. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ba a kula da sunadarai da kitsen lokacin yin lissafin kashi na insulin ba. Akwai tsarin don yin lissafin carbohydrates da ke cikin abinci - tsarin guraben abinci (XE). An kusan sani:
- 1 rarar insulin gajere yana rufe kimanin 8 g na carbohydrates;
- Rukunin 1 na NovoRapid da Apidra insulin - kimanin 12 g na carbohydrates;
- 1 na insulin Humalog - kimanin 20 g na carbohydrates;
- 1 na gajeren insulin - game da 57 g na furotin da aka karɓa a cikin jiki ko game da 260 g na kifi, nama, kaji, qwai, cuku;
- Rukunin 1 na NovoRapid da Apidra insulin sun rufe kusan 87 g na furotin da aka karɓa a cikin jiki ko game da 390 g na kifi, nama, kaji, qwai, cuku;
- Rukunin 1 na Humalog insulin - kimanin gram 143 na furotin da aka saka ko game da gram 640 na kifi, nama, kaji, qwai, cuku.
Anan mun sami sunayen abubuwan insulins waɗanda wataƙila ba ku saba da su ba, zamu yi magana game da su a cikin surorin da ke gaba.
Kayayyakin Carbohydrate
- Duk kayayyakin burodi;
- Abincin hatsi (haka ma, hatsi duhu ba su da carbohydrate fiye da haske: buckwheat - hatsi tare da mafi ƙanƙantar da abubuwan carbohydrate, shinkafa - tare da mafi girma);
- Kayayyakin madara;
- 'Ya'yan itace
- Duk Sweets ba tare da maye gurbin sukari ba.
Iri insulin
- Babban-sauri (bayyanar ultrashort);
- Karancin bayyanar jiki;
- Matsakaicin tsawon lokacin bayyanuwa ga jiki;
- Tsawo lokaci-lokaci;
- Daidaitawa (hade-hade).
Tabbas, likitan halartar na da alhakin kayyade nau'in insulin wanda ya wajaba akanka. Koyaya, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda suka bambanta. A ka’ida, komai a bayyane yake daga sunayen - banbancin shine tsawon lokacin da ya fara aiki da kuma tsawon lokacin da yake aiki. Don samun amsar tambaya wacce insulin ya fi kyau, tebur zai taimaka muku.
Baseline bolus insulin far ga masu ciwon sukari
A cikin mutum mai lafiya, ana samar da insulin ba kawai a daidai lokacin da carbohydrates ke shiga jiki ba, har ma a cikin kullun. Wannan ya zama dole a sani domin ware fargaba kwatsam a cikin sukari na jini, wanda ke da mummunan sakamako game da tasoshin jini. Basis-bolus insulin therapy, wanda kuma ake kira "mahara allura therapy", kawai yana ba da shawarar irin wannan hanyar ɗaukar insulin, wanda ake gudanar da insulin da gajere / matsanancin-gajeren aiki, da tsayi. Ana yin insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci kowace rana a lokaci guda, tunda dai ya kai tsawon awanni 24, toshewar wannan insulin koyaushe iri daya ce, ana kirga shi ko dai likitan halartar, ko bayan lura ta hanyar auna sukarin jini kowane 1.5-2 awowi na tsawon kwanaki 3-7. Ana yin lissafin abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Ana lissafta adadin insulin hormone da ake buƙata na jiki (ƙimar nauyin x xin cikin teburin)
- An rage adadin insulin gajere da ke cinyewa daga ƙimar da aka samu.
Theimar da aka samu shine sakamakon da ake so, to adadin raka'a insulin aikin da kake buƙata.
Ana gudanar da insulin gajere a cikin minti 30 kafin cin abinci, ultrashort na mintina 15. Bambancin gudanarwarsa bayan abinci yana yiwuwa, amma a wannan yanayin tsalle wanda ba a so a cikin sukari a cikin jiki yana yiwuwa. Toari ga tushen insulin-tushen bolus, akwai maganin gargajiya. A cikin masu ciwon sukari na gargajiya, da wuya sai a auna matakin sukari a jiki kuma yana saka insulin a lokaci guda ajalin da yakamata, tare da mafi yawancin karkatarwa ga tsarin da aka kafa. Tsarin tushen-bolus ya ƙunshi ma'aunin sukari kafin kowane abinci, kuma ya dogara da sukarin jini, ana yin lissafin adadin insulin da ake buƙata. Tushen-bolus far yana da nasa ribobi da fursunoni. Misali, bukatar bin wani tsayayyen tsarin rage cin abinci da tsarin yau da kullun ya bace, amma yanzu, da yake a takaice ba a kula sosai kuma ba a allurar cikin lokaci akan lokaci, kuna iya barin damar tsallake matakan sukari, wanda hakan ke cutar da tasoshin a jikin mutum.
Buga insulin ciwon sukari na 1
A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, ba a samar da insulin ta jiki kwata-kwata, don haka insulin magani ne mai mahimmanci ga masu ciwon sukari na 1. Dole ne a yi amfani da shi aƙalla sau 4 a kowace rana - 1 insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci da 3 kafin kowane abinci (idan akwai ƙarin abinci, sannan injections insulin) Rage nau'in insulin na sukari na 1 yana da tsayayye kuma cinikinsa na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako.
Buga insulin 2 na ciwon suga
Insulin ga nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ba koyaushe bane dole. A farkon matakan ci gaba da cutar, marasa lafiya suna ɗaukar magunguna waɗanda ke motsa ayyukan samar da insulin da kansa daga jikin mutum. Sai kawai a cikin matakai na gaba, lokacin da cutar ta fara, ba zai iya yin ba tare da insulin ba. Harkokin insulin don kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 ba mai tsauri bane, injections suna da mahimmanci ne kawai lokacin da allunan basu kawo sakamakon da ake so ba ... Lokacin da aka wajabta insulin don ciwon sukari na 2, mara lafiyar mai ciwon sukari yakamata yayi zurfin tunani game da abinci (kiyayewarsa da rashin yarda dashi), salon rayuwa da tsari na ranar.
Me yasa mahimmancin insulin ya zama dole kuma yadda ake samar da shi daidai
Rage insulin ba shine tsari wanda kowane mai ciwon sukari ke fuskanta ba. Wajibi ne ga waɗanda ke fama da ciwon sukari a cikin su wanda adadin insulin ɗin ya kasance kaɗan. A matsayinka na mai mulki, sikelin rarrabuwa akan sirinji don allurar insulin shine kashi 1-2 na insulin. Yawan insulin a cikin abubuwan da aka bayyana a sama ba koyaushe ya kai ga waɗannan kundin ba, a wannan yanayin, tare da taimakon wani ruwa na musamman, an narke shi da insulin. Idan yawanci 1 ml ya ƙunshi raka'a 100 na insulin, yana narke shi, zaku iya samun ingantaccen sakamako na shigar da miyagun ƙwayoyi a jiki. Don haka, yanzu kun san yadda ake kiwon insulin ta amfani da wannan ilimin.
Yadda yakamata ayi insulin cikin jiki
Lissafi da aikin insulin sune abubuwa biyu masu mahimmanci wanda yakamata duk masu ciwon sukari su sani daidai.
Gabatar da insulin shine shigar kutse a jikin fata, don haka dole ne a aiwatar da wannan tsari gwargwadon tsarin musamman don hana wani abu ban da insulin shiga cikin jiki.
- Wajibi ne a kula da wurin allurar tare da swab auduga;
- Jira a ɗan lokaci don alkama ya ƙafe;
- Tsara tare da tsunkule babban yanki mai ƙyalli mai kitse;
- A wani kusurwa na 45-60 digiri, saka allura a gindin murfin;
- Gabatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba tare da sakin jakar ba
- Narke da crease kuma kawai sai a hankali cire cire allura daga fata.
Lissafin insulin shine ainihin fasaha wanda kowane mai ciwon sukari dole ya kware a kammala, saboda yana tabbatar da aminci ga lafiya da rayuwa. Tun da akwai nau'ikan ciwon sukari daban-daban da matakai daban daban na cutar, kuma masu ciwon sukari suna amfani da insulin daban-daban da sauran magunguna, yawan insulin a cikin masu ciwon suga ya sha bamban. Ga kowane al'amari, ƙididdigar mutum da taimako daga likitanka masu halarta sun zama dole.
