Wannan cuta ba ta hanyar samarwa ce ta wayewa ta zamani ba, an sani ne a zamanin da. Amma ba za mu zama marasa tushe ba kuma mu juya ga tarihin ciwon sukari. A karni na 19 A lokacin rami na kabarin Theban necropolis (hurumi), an gano wani papyrus, ranar shine 1500 BC. George Ebers (1837-1898), wani mashahurin mai gidan tarihi na kasar Jamus, ya fassara da fassara takaddar; don girmama shi, kamar yadda aka saba, aka kuma sa suna papyrus. Ebers ya kasance mutum ne mai ban mamaki: yana da shekaru 33 ya riga ya shugabanci Sashen Kula da Tsohuwar Masalacin a Jami'ar Leipzig, daga baya kuma ya bude gidan kayan gargajiya na Masar a can. Ba ya rubuta ayyukan kimiyya da yawa ba kawai, har ma da tarihin litattafan tarihi - Ward da sauransu. Amma wataƙila aikinsa mafi mahimmanci shine ƙaddamar da papyrus Theban.
A cikin wannan takaddar, a karo na farko, sunan cutar da wannan labarin ya sadaukar don bayyana, daga abin da za mu iya yankewa cewa likitocin Masar za su iya rarrabe alamunta sama da shekara dubu uku da suka gabata. A waɗancan lokutan ma, Thutmose III ya mamaye ƙasar, wanda ya ci nasara kan Syria, Palestine da Kush (yanzu Sudan). A bayyane yake cewa ba shi yiwuwa a ci nasara da yawa ba tare da dakaru masu ƙarfi ba, waɗanda a koyaushe suna ƙaruwa da samun ƙarfi. Yawancin bayi, zinari da kayan ado sun zama ganima Masarawa, amma dangane da batun tattaunawarmu, wani abu ma yana da mahimmanci: idan akwai gwagwarmaya da yawa, to raunin da ya faru da mutuwa babu makawa.
Dukansu Thutmose III, da waɗanda suka gaje shi daga daulolin da suka biyo baya, magabatan, suna da matukar sha'awar ci gaban magani, kuma musamman tiyata: a duk ƙasar suna neman mutanen da suka dace, sun horar da su, amma akwai aiki mai yawa ga likitoci: An gudanar da yaƙe-yaƙe na jini kusan kullum.
Addinin matattu, musamman ci gaba a cikin tsohuwar Masar, kuma sun taka muhimmiyar rawa - an shafe gawawwakin, don haka suna da damar yin nazarin tsarin gabobin ciki. Wasu likitocin sun tsinci kansu ba kawai a aikace ba, har ma a ka'idar, sun bayyana abubuwan lura, sun yi zato, sun yanke shawara. Wani sashi na aikinsu ya kai mu (godiya ga masu ilimin kimiya na tarihi da masu fassara!), Ciki har da papyrus, inda aka ambaci masu ciwon sukari.
Bayan wani lokaci kadan, tuni game da abubuwan da suka gabata da sabon zamani, Aulus Cornelius Celsus, wanda ya rayu a zamanin sarki Tiberius, ya bayyana wannan cuta dalla-dalla. A cewar masanin, dalilin cutar sankarau shine rashin iyawar gabobin ciki don kasa abinci sosai, kuma yana ganin yawan urination shine babban alamar wannan cutar.
Kalmar, wanda ake kira wannan cuta har zuwa yau, Arethus na warkarwa ya gabatar da shi. Ya zo daga kalmar Girkanci "diabaino", wanda ke nufin "wucewa." Menene ma'anar Arethus ta hanyar ba da irin wannan baƙon a farkon sunan sa? Kuma gaskiyar cewa ruwan sha yana kutsawa cikin jikin mai haƙuri a cikin rafi mai sauri, baya rasa ƙishirwa, yana fitowa.
Ga abin da ya kawo daga takardar likita wanda ya iske mu, marubucin wanda shine: “Ciwon sukari na wahala, ya fi yawaita a cikin mata. Tana narkar da nama da ƙyallen a cikin fitsari .... Amma idan kun ƙi shan ruwan, bakin mai haƙuri ya bushe, bushe bushe, mucous membranes, tashin zuciya, amai, tashin zuciya da kuma saurin mutuwa akai-akai. "
Wannan hoton, hakika, baiyi mana kwarin gwiwa a gare mu ba, mutane na zamani, amma a wannan lokacin ya nuna yanayin halin da ake ciki yanzu: an dauki cutar ciwon suga cuta ce mara magani.
Wani likita da ya tsufa ya karɓi kulawa sosai - Galen (130-200gg). Ba wai kawai fitaccen mai koyar da aikin ba ne, har ma ya yi karatun tauhidi, wanda ya zama likitan likitanci daga wurin likitan fata. Galen ya rubuta kusan ɗari rubutattun maganganu game da maganin likita ba kawai, har ma a kan bayanin takamaiman cutar. A ra'ayinsa, ciwon sukari ba komai bane illa gudawa da gudawa, kuma ya ga dalilin wannan yanayin a cikin mummunan aikin koda.
A nan gaba, da kuma a wasu ƙasashe akwai mutanen da suka yi nazarin wannan cuta kuma suka yi ƙoƙarin yin bayani - ra'ayoyi da yawa na wannan lokacin suna da kusanci da waɗanda suke zamani. Shahararren mai warkar da larabawa wanda Avicenna ya kirkira a shekarar 1024. fitaccen "Canon na kimiyyar likitanci", wanda ba a rasa mahimmancinsa ba har yanzu. Ga abin da ya kebanta daga wurin: "Cutar sankarau cuta ce mara kyau, tana haifar da gajiya da bushewa. Tana fitar da ɗimbin ruwa mai yawa daga jiki, yana hana yawan danshi daga shigarsa daga ruwan sha. Sanadin cutar sankarau shine rashin lafiyar koda ..."
Ba wanda zai iya sai lura da irin fa'idar Paracelsus (1493-1541). Daga ra'ayinsa, wannan cuta ce ta gaba daya, kuma ba wani sashin kwayoyin bane. A zuciyar wannan cuta cin zarafin tsarin gishirin, wanda hakan ya fusata kodan ya fara aiki cikin yanayin haɓaka.
Kamar yadda kake gani, tarihin ciwon sukari yana da ban sha'awa, a cikin wancan zamanin kuma a duk ƙasashe mutane sun kamu da ciwon sukari, kuma likitoci ba za su iya gane shi kawai ba kuma su bambanta shi daga wata cutar, amma kuma sun tsawanta rayuwar irin wannan mai haƙuri. Babban Manuniya - bushewar baki, ƙishirwa mara nauyi da ciwon sukari, asarar nauyi - duk wannan, daidai da ra'ayoyi na zamani, yana nuna nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari.
Likitocin sun yi wa masu cutar siga daban, dangane da nau'in. Don haka, tare da halayyar 2 na mutanen da ke da shekaru, infusions na tsire-tsire masu rage sukari, rage cin abinci, sauƙaƙe yanayin, kuma an yi azumin warkewa. Maganar ƙarshe ba ta maraba da likitocin zamani, kuma ana amfani da biyun farko don samun nasara yanzu. Irin wannan taimakon na iya tsawaita rayuwa na tsawon shekaru, ba shakka, idan aka gano cutar ba ta yi latti ba ko kuma hanyarsa ba ta da ƙarfi.
