A wasu halaye, ciwon sukari yana wucewa tare da kusan babu alamun bayyanar cututtuka, saboda haka, WHO ta ba da shawarar cewa yara suyi gwajin jini a kalla sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida, kowane ɗayan yana da ƙa'ida a cikin tebur, kuma ana iya samun saurin sauƙi a Intanet.
Yin gwajin jini don glucose hanya ce ta wajibi a yanayin haila ko hypoglycemia. Lokacin da mara lafiya yana da raunin sukari a cikin jini, jikinsa yana fara jan ƙarfin da ake buƙata daga ƙwayoyin mai, yana sakin samfuran lalata mai guba - jikin ketone.
Wucin ƙwayar sukari cuta ce mai kamuwa da cutar sankara, wacce aka amince da ita a matsayin “annoba” ta ƙarni na 21.
Mene ne alamun hyperglycemia?
Da farko, iyaye suna buƙatar fahimtar lokacin da yakamata su tuntuɓi ƙwararre. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar sanin menene alamun sutturar jiki wanda ke nuna karuwa ko raguwa cikin glucose jini.
Manyan alamomin guda biyu na cututtukan hawan jini, duka a cikin yaro da kuma manya, ƙishirwa ne da saurin kamuwa.
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka ana haifar da su ta hanyar ƙara damuwa akan kodan. Tunda sashin haɗin da aka haɗa yana tace jini, yana cire wuce haddi a jiki. A sakamakon haka, kodan suna buƙatar ƙarin ruwa, sun fara diba shi daga ƙwayar tsoka kuma suna cire sukari mai yawa. Irin wannan mummunan da'irar yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa yaro yana so ya sha koyaushe, sannan kuma - zuwa bayan gida "a cikin ƙaramin hanya."
Bayyanar cututtuka na matakan glucose mai tsayi yawanci suna ɓoye. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa rarraba sakamakon ga marasa lafiya da yawa ya zama babban abin mamaki.
Mama tana buƙatar kulawa da irin waɗannan alamun a cikin yara:
- bushe bakin
- rauni, gajiya;
- tsananin farin ciki, ciwon kai (wani lokacin);
- rashes akan fatar;
- itching, musamman a cikin m yankin.
Gudun aiki akan lokaci yana haifar da rikitarwa masu yawa. Tsawan jini a jiki na haifar da nakasa gani a sakamakon kumburin retina, wanda hakan zai iya haifar da asara gaba daya.
Hakanan, haɓaka yawan glucose yana haifar da gazawar koda, cututtukan zuciya, ƙafafun sukari da sauran matsaloli.
Mene ne alamun cututtukan hypoglycemia?
Rage yawan sukari na jini yana haifar da karuwar narkewar jijiya adrenal da karuwa a cikin ayyukan jijiyoyin jijiya. Adrenaline da aka cire, shine, zai fara sakin kwatankwacin glucose a jiki.
Wasu alamun hypoglycemia ba su da bambanci da alamun hyperglycemia.
Yaro na iya yin gunaguni da ciwon kai, tsananin farin ciki, gajiya, da malalata baki ɗaya.
Akwai takamaiman alamun bayyanar cututtukan glucose na jini:
- Damuwa da tashin hankali;
- Chills da rawar jiki a jiki.
- Doduwa da kayan aiki na gani.
- Tachycardia (palpitations).
- Jin rashin jin tsoron yunwar.
Dogaro da hauhawar jini zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako - rikicewa, rashi da rashin daidaituwa. Bugu da kari, raunin sukari yana haifar da rikicewar rikicewar cerebral cortex. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar gudanar da karatu sau biyu a shekara don tantance hanyoyin aiwatar da cututtukan cikin mutum.
Tarihi ko labarin karya ne cewa hyper- da hypoglycemia sune gaba daya yankuna daban daban da suke zama daban.
Za'a iya lura da ƙara yawan glucose a cikin masu ciwon sukari sakamakon shan magungunan hypoglycemic.
Babban nau'ikan gwajin jini
Lokacin da mahaifiyar ta lura da alamun shakku a cikin yaro wanda zai iya nuna haɓaka ko raguwa a cikin yawan sukari, ya kamata ta hanzarta kai hannunsa zuwa ga endocrinologist. Bi da bi, likitan, bayan yayi nazarin ƙaramin mai haƙuri, ya aika don bincike.
A halin yanzu, mafi mashahuri shine hanya mai sauri, biochemical, tare da kaya akan haemoglobin glycated. Bari mu bincika kowane daki-daki daki-daki.
Hanyar Bayyanawa. Kawai akan sunan, ana iya fahimtar cewa wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauri don auna tarowar glucose. Ana yin gwaji ta amfani da glucometer, duka da kansa kuma a cikin wurin likita.
Don tantance sakamakon daidai, ya kamata:
- Wanke hannu biyu kafin yin gwajin jini.
- shimfiɗa yatsa inda za a yi hujin;
- bi da shi tare da barasa kuma ku yi huɗa ta amfani da scarifier;
- goge farkon fari tare da adiko na goge baki;
- na biyu - matsi a kan tsirin gwajin kuma saka shi cikin na'urar;
- jira sakamako kan allon nuni.
Koyaya, saboda keta ka'idoji don amfani da na'urar, kuskuren samun sakamako na ƙarya wani lokacin ya kai 20%.
Nazarin kwayoyin. Wannan bincike yana buƙatar jinin mara lafiya ko ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana aiwatar da shi a kan komai a ciki da safe, don haka mara lafiya kada ya ci akalla sa'o'i 10 kafin ɗaukar nazarin halittun. Don samun sakamako abin dogara, kuna buƙatar shiri don bayar da gudummawar jini don sukari ga yaro. Ranar da za a fara gwajin, ba kwa bukatar cika nauyin da yaron, ya bar shi ya huta. Hakanan ba a ba shi damar cin abinci mai yawa mai ɗauke da sukari ba. Sakamakon binciken yana rinjayi dalilai kamar damuwa, cututtukan fata ko cututtuka, da gajiya.
Gwajin saukowa (gwajin haƙuri da haƙuri). Idan daidaitaccen gwajin jini bai gano karkacewa ba, don tabbatar da cewa babu tsinkayar cutar siga, ana yin irin wannan binciken. Ya ƙunshi matakai biyu. Da farko, mara lafiya yana karbar jini daga jijiya zuwa ciki mara komai. A mataki na biyu, yana shan ruwan zaki (na 300 ml na ruwa, 100 g na glucose). Sannan, ana ɗaukar jini mai ƙyalli a kowane rabin sa'a na awanni biyu. Lokacin wucewa gwajin, an haramta shan giya da cin abinci.
Bincike akan hawan jini. Amfani da wannan bincike, an ƙaddara adadin maganin insulin. Ana la'akari da shi azaman hanya mai tsawo don ƙayyade matakan sukari, saboda yana ɗaukar watanni uku.
Sakamakon binciken shine mai nuna alamun wadatarwa wanda ya nuna daidai glucose.
Bayyana sakamakon binciken
Bayan ɗaukar adadin abubuwan da ake buƙata na halittu, ana yin gwajin jini don sukari. Ya kamata a lura cewa sigogi ba su shafi ta kowane hanya ta hanyar jinsi na haƙuri.
Amma zamani yana da babban matsayi, kuma an tsara tebur na musamman ga yara, waɗanda ke rarraba matakan sukari don nau'ikan shekaru daban-daban.
Sau da yawa, ana ɗaukar rukuni na ma'aunin sukari mol / lita. Commonarancin na kowa sune mg / 100ml, mg / dl, da kuma mg%. Lokacin da aka samar da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin, ana nuna ƙididdigar azaman "Glu" (glucose).
Tebur mai zuwa yana ba da sakamako na sakamakon gwaje-gwajen jini na sukari a cikin yara.
| Shekaru | Norm, mmol / l | Hyperglycemia, mmol / L | Hypoglycemia, mmol / l | Ciwon sukari mellitus, mmol / l |
| shekara 1 shekara | daga 2.8 zuwa 4.4 | sama da 4,5 | kasa da 2.7 | sama da 6.1 |
| daga shekara 1 zuwa 5 | daga 3.3 zuwa 5.0 | sama da 5.1 | kasa da 3.3 | sama da 6.1 |
| sama da shekaru 5 da haihuwa | 3.5 zuwa 5.5 | sama da 5.6 | kasa da 3,5 | sama da 6.1 |
Lokacin gudanar da gwajin haƙuri na glucose, sakamakon da ke nuna matakin al'ada na sukari shine kewayon darajar daga 3.5 zuwa 5.5 mmol (a kan komai a ciki) da ƙasa da 7.8 mmol / l (bayan ruwan dadi).
Valuesimar al'ada lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da gwajin don haemoglobin ya zama ƙasa da kashi 5.7. Game da ciwon sukari ya ce irin wannan darajar kamar 6.5% ko fiye.
Wanne bincike ne mafi kyau?
Ba za a iya bayar da amsar daidai ga tambayar wanne bincike ya fi kyau ba. Dukkanta ya dogara da matakin hypo- ko hyperglycemia, alamun mai haƙuri, abubuwan da likitan likitanci da kayan aiki a cikin asibitin likita.
Yawancin marasa lafiya suna mamakin wanne ne gwajin ciwon sukari ya fi daidai - bayyana ko dakin gwaje-gwaje? Kodayake yawancin glucose ana tantance su ta hanyar hanyar bayyana, ana ganin sakamakon sa na farko. Idan sun tabbatar da karuwa ko raguwar sukari, ana tsara wasu adadin gwaje-gwaje.
Gwajin da ke sama ba su tantance nau'in ciwon sukari ba. Don gano nau'in insulin-insulin-in-ins ko kuma wanda ba shi da insulin-cutar ba, ana yin gwajin C-peptide. Yawanci, nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari sau da yawa yana tasowa a cikin ƙuruciya. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da zasu iya shafar ƙaruwa a cikin glycemia shine rashin daidaituwar hormonal a cikin samartaka da tashin hankali.
Akwai ra'ayi wanda wani lokacin gwajin guda ɗaya ba zai iya nuna kasancewar karkacewa ba. A zahiri, tare da alamun bayyanar cutar sankara, nazarin daya ya isa don samun sakamakon da ke nuna raguwa ko haɓaka sukari.
Ko yaya, ciwon sukari ba shine kawai cutar da ke haifar da ciwon sukari ko hyperglycemia ba. Abubuwan da ke biyo baya na iya shafar matakan glucose:
- Rashin wahala.
- Dysfunction hanta.
- Cutar Ciwon Jiki.
- Rikicin Endocrine
Idan sakamakon ya nuna cewa yaron yana da abin da ke cikin damuwa mai zurfi ko ƙima a ciki, dole ne a bi duk shawarar likitan. Ciwon sukari ba jumla ba ce, don haka kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari don matakan glucose na yau da kullun a cikin jini. Don haka, iyaye za su iya ba da cikakkiyar rayuwa ga yaransu.
A cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, Dr. Komarovsky yayi magana game da ciwon sukari a cikin yara.
