A cikin mutum mai lafiya, yanayin sukari a cikin fitsari ya kamata ya kai mm 2.8. Idan adadi ya yawaita kuma alamu zai fi 3%, wannan yana nuna cin zarafi a cikin ayyukan tubules na kodan. Wannan yana nufin cewa glucose ya tsaya a cikin fitsari, don haka yana da mahimmanci a san yadda ake rage sukari a cikin ruwan jiki.
Sunan irin wannan yanayin lokacin da aka gano glucose a cikin fitsari shine glucosuria. Kuna iya ƙayyade kasancewarsa a gida, ta amfani da tsararrun gwaji ko cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Amma don yin cikakken bincike da kuma gano abubuwan da ke haifar da karuwar glucose a cikin fitsari, ya zama dole a ƙaddamar da bincike game da fitsari don sukari.
Amma me yasa matakan jini da fitsari zasu iya ƙaruwa? Menene alamun wannan yanayin kuma ta yaya za a iya nuna alamun al'ada?
Sanadin da bayyanar cututtuka
Don gano dalilin da yasa sukari a cikin fitsari ya ƙaru, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci menene ƙudirin ƙoda. Ana gano Glucosuria lokacin da ta tashi. A yadda aka saba, a cikin tsofaffi masu lafiyayye, ƙarar ƙarar ba ta wuce 10 mmol / L, a cikin yaro - 12.65 mmol / L, kuma a cikin tsofaffi ana iya saukar da alamunsa.
A cikin cututtukan da kodan, halin lalacewar tubules ɗinsu, wanda ke dawo da sukari da jini daga fitsari na farko, ƙwanƙwarar mafitsara yana raguwa. Wannan shine sanadin sukari a cikin fitsari.
A cikin ciwon sukari (na koda), yawan sukari a cikin jini na iya zama al'ada ko rage shi, amma akwai da yawa a cikin fitsari. A cikin magani, ana kiran wannan yanayin a matsayin glucosuria. Zai iya faruwa lokacin da abubuwan sukari da ke cikin fitsari suka yi yawa kuma idan bakin jini bai wuce sosai ba ko da a bangon ci gaban haila.
Nau'in m ciwon sukari mellitus shine ke haifar da karuwar glucose a cikin fitsari. Alamomin ci gaban cutar babban taro ne na glucose a cikin fitsari da kuma rage yawan sukari a cikin jini.
Glucose yana shiga cikin jinin jini ta hanyar tubules na kodan ta hanyar phosphating enzyme hexokinase akan sa. A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na mellitus, ana kunna enzyme ta insulin hormone kuma mai haƙuri yana da ƙarancin ƙananan ƙima. A cikin marasa lafiya, cututtukan sclerotic a cikin kodan suna ƙaruwa kuma sukari cikin fitsari ba a gano shi ba, kuma gwajin jini yana nuna kasancewar cututtukan zuciya.
Amma sau da yawa dalilin da yasa ake samun sukari mai yawa a cikin fitsari shine glucosuria na ɗan lokaci. Akwai nau'ikan yanayin 3:
- Alimentary. An nuna shi ta hanyar haɓaka guda ɗaya na matakin sukari a cikin fitsari, alal misali, bayan cin zarafin abinci na carbohydrate.
- Pathological. A cikin fitsari, sukari yana ƙaruwa yayin da matakan sa suka yi yawa a cikin jini.
- Haushi Glucosuria yana faruwa ne saboda jijiyoyi masu ƙarfi da damuwa.
Idan sukari yana cikin fitsari, abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan yanayin na iya kasancewa a gaban manyan abubuwan keta haddi a cikin aikin kodan, cututtukan da ke fama da cutar kansa, cututtukan mahaifa, cututtukan zuciya, kumburi, kumburin hanta, cututtukan fata da cutar kwakwalwa. Sauran abubuwan da suka shafi matakan fitsari fitsari sune raunin kwakwalwa, rauni mai tsoka, cutar Girke, da zazzabi.
Wani lokaci glucosuria yana haɓaka lokacin da guba ta hanyar guba (chloroform, morphine, phosphorus). Sauran dalilai masu tayar da hankali sune saurin ƙwayar tsoka, yin amfani da maganin maye da amfani da magunguna, cin zarafin carbohydrate, magani na hormonal.
Me yasa sukarin yaro ya tashi? Idan akwai sukari a cikin fitsari, al'ada a cikin yara kada ta wuce 2.8 mmol / l. Lokacin da yaro ya yi girma glucose a cikin fitsari bayan abincin da ya ƙunshi carbohydrates mai sauri, wannan mai nuna cewa yakamata iyaye su canza dokokin abincin jariri kuma su cire abinci mara amfani daga abincin. Amma a cikin yara, bayyanar sukari a cikin fitsari, kamar yadda a cikin manya, ana iya haifar da shi ta hanyar cututtuka daban-daban (ciwon sukari mellitus, ilimin kwakwalwa, encephalitis).
Yaya ake bayyana glucosuria? Kwayar cutar ta bayyana mafi yawan lokuta suna bayyana a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 Suna haɗuwa da haɓaka glucose a cikin jini, wanda ake kira glycemia.
Halin hoto na asibiti na glucosuria da hyperglycemia:
- gajiya;
- rashin karuwa ko raguwa cikin nauyi;
- bushe bakin
- m cututtuka da na urinary fili;
- ƙishirwa
- ƙarancin motsa jiki.
Idan ba a dauki matakan rage sukari a cikin masu ciwon suga ba a hanyar da ta dace, to hanyar cutar za ta zama mai rikitarwa. Tare da babban nau'in cutar, gwajin fitsari don sukari yana nuna kasancewar jikin ketone (acetone).
Bayyanar cututtuka na mummunan nau'in ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa shine polyuria da ƙarancin sani.
Yaya za a gano glucosuria a gida?
Shin akwai wasu hanyoyi don gano glucosuria cikin sauri yayin rashin yanayin asibiti? Kasancewar sukari a cikin fitsari ana iya tantance shi da kansa ta amfani da abubuwan gwaji.
Ana amfani da ma'aunin gwargwadon hanyar glucose oxidase. Abun da yake juyawa na mai nuna alama ya ƙunshi enzymes peroxidase da glucose oxidase.
Yankunan gwaji an yi su ne a cikin nau'ikan alamun alamomi guda uku (25, 50, 100). Mafi dacewa an saita Lambar 50, kuma adadin tsarukan da ke ciki ya kai kwanaki 30.
Tsarin gwajin shine shirye-shiryen amfani da shi don sakawa da filastik. Lokacin da amsawar ta faru, mai nuna rawaya, mai 1 mm daga gefen, ana fentin wani launi. An fassara sakamakon kamar haka: idan babu glucose a cikin fitsari, wannan yana nuna cewa amsar ba ce, kuma launi tsiri na gwajin ya kasance ba canzawa.
Kuma menene alamar nuna yayin da launi na tsiri ya canza daga kore zuwa shuɗi mai duhu? Wannan yana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. Mafi girman haɗarin glucose a cikin fitsari, ƙaddara ta hanyar matakan gwaji, shine 112 mol / l.
Don nazarin fitsari don sukari ya zama abin dogaro, yana da muhimmanci a san yadda ake amfani da tsaran gwajin daidai:
- Don bincike, ana ba da shawarar a ɗauki 30 ml na fitsari safe, an tattara mafi yawan 2 hours kafin bincike. Idan an adana ruwa na tsawon lokaci, ba ma'ana ya kai shi dakin gwaje-gwaje ba, saboda sakamakon zai zama abin dogaro ne.
- Kafin shinge, dole ne a aiwatar da duk hanyoyin tsabta.
- Yankin gwajin da aka cire daga bututun dole ne a yi amfani dashi na minti 60.
- Dole sai an taɓa ɓangaren mai nuna alama ba.
- An tsinka tsiri a cikin bututu na gwaji tare da fitsari na tsawan 2, sannan an sanya shi a kan tsaftataccen yanki mai laushi
Sakamakon zai zama sananne na mintina 1-2 bayan binciken, don fassarar su, an kwatanta launi mai laushi tare da tebur da aka sanya a kan shari'ar fensir.
Nazarin asibiti wanda ke tantance sukari a cikin fitsari, fassarar su
Akwai manyan nau'ikan tarin fitsari guda 2 don gano sukari mai zuwa - safe da kullun. Mafi bayani shine karatun yau da kullun.
Algorithm don tara fitsari ba shi da rikitarwa. Yayin rana, ana tattara ruwa a cikin babban akwati. Ana fitar da fitsari na farko da safe. An adana bioametharil da aka tattara a cikin firiji a zazzabi har zuwa digiri 8.
Bayan kwana ɗaya, ruwan da ke cikin kwalba ya gauraya an zuba a cikin karamin jirgin ruwa mai nauyin 100-200 ml. Domin gwajin fitsari don sukari ya ba da tabbataccen sakamako, yana da mahimmanci sanin yadda za a ba da gudummawa da kuma tattara ƙwayoyin halittun daidai.
Kwantena mai tattara ruwa mai tsafta dole ya bushe da tsabta. Fitsarin da aka yi niyya don babban binciken an yarda a adana shi har zuwa awanni 1.5. A kan tanki, ana nuna sigogi kamar nauyi, tsayi da adadin fitsari da aka ware kowace rana a milliliters.
Idan likita mai halartar ya ba da umarnin tattara fitsari don sukari da aka tara da safe, to, algorithm ɗin tarin shine kamar haka: 30-40 ml na ruwa da aka tattara da safe ana tattara su a cikin ƙaramin akwati. Ana ɗaukar kwayoyin halitta zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje ba a ƙarshen sa'o'i 6 bayan tarin ba.
A cikin lafiyayyen mutum, diuresis kowace rana shine 1200-1500 ml. Idan adadin ya wuce, ana gano polyuria.
Menene ma'anar wannan? Lokacin da bincike ya nuna yawan adadin halatta fitsari, ana yin ƙarin karatun. Bayyanar da nauyin ruwa dabi'a ce ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na farkon ko na biyu.
Idan lafiyar mara lafiyar al'ada ce, fitsarinsa yana da launin toka-mai-launi. Tare da inuwa mai cikakken haske, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don gano dalilin riƙe ruwa a cikin kyallen. Fitsari tare da ma'anar sukari na al'ada (har zuwa 0.02%) kada su ƙunshi acetone, phosphates da sauran abubuwa.
Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus ko nau'in insulin-dogara da shi, kodan galibi yakan shafi. Saboda haka, ana amfani da injinin ƙari a cikin marasa lafiya. Abubuwan shine samfurin ƙarshe na mahimmancin aikin jiki wanda aka samo yayin halayen ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da alaƙa da matakan makamashi.
Createinine alama ce mai mahimmanci wanda ke nuna matakin aikin kodan, hanta, da sauran tsarin da gabobin jiki. Mayar da hankalin abu shine ƙayyadaddun gwaje-gwajen jini da gwajin fitsari don sukari.
Dokokin tattara fitsari sun yi kama da waɗanda aka ambata a sama. Sakamakon gwajin yana nuna matakin abu da adadin creatinine da aka keɓe daga jiki a cikin sa'o'i 24.
Creatinine an ƙaddara ta jinsi da shekaru. Tsarin yau da kullun wani abu a cikin maza a cikin fitsari ya kai 2000 mg ko har zuwa 17.7 mmol kowace lita, a cikin mata - 600-1800 mg ko 5.3-15.9 mmol / l.
Kayan yau da kullun urinary creatinine a 1 kg na nauyi, gwargwadon shekaru:
- Ana lissafta kwanakin 1-4 a daidaiku gwargwadon tsari na musamman;
- har zuwa shekara guda - 71-177 micromol;
- Shekaru 1-14 - 71-194 mmol;
- Har zuwa shekaru 18 - 71-265 micromoles.
Rage sukari a cikin ciwon sukari, kamar creatinine, koyaushe ba sa ƙaruwa. Amma idan sakamakon binciken gaskiya ne, yana nuna lalacewar koda. Wannan rikitarwa ana iya kiransa cutar sankara mai rashin lafiya. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don sanin yadda ake rage sukari a cikin fitsari, wanda zai taimaka rage ƙimar creatinine kuma, sabili da haka, dakatar da ci gaba na nephropathy.
Yaya za a cire sukari daga fitsari?
Babban matakan glucose a cikin jini da fitsari suna da haɗari ga ci gaban matsaloli da yawa. Sabili da haka, waɗanda suka gano glucosuria, kuna buƙatar sanin game da hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su don cire sukari daga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Yadda za a rabu da sukari a cikin fitsari? Abincin da ya dace yana taimakawa rage yawan fitsari. Daga cikin abincin ya zama dole don cire abinci cike da carbohydrates mai sauri, soyayyen, yaji da mai. An bada shawara a haɗa a cikin kayan abinci na yau da kullun waɗanda ke cire sukari daga jiki - kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, hatsi, ganye, nau'ikan nama da kifi.
Waɗanda ke da sukari mai yawa a cikin fitsarinsu yakamata su bar giya, abubuwan sha, ruwan giya da jaraba. Yaya za a rage sukari fitsari tare da motsa jiki? Wasanni yana da amfani sosai ga masu ciwon sukari, saboda yana daidaita matakan rayuwa, sannan kuma yana iya rage nauyi.
Ko da sukari a cikin fitsari an keɓe shi ta amfani da magungunan hypoglycemic da insulin. Zaɓin magungunan rigakafin ƙwayar cuta yana da faɗi sosai, saboda haka, idan an gano sukari a cikin fitsari, likitan da ke halartar ya kamata ne ya ba da magani.
Yadda za a rage sukarin jini da sauri magunguna na mutane? Don yin mutumin da ke dauke da glucosuria da hyperglycemia ya ji daɗin rayuwa, suna amfani da madadin girke-girke na magani wanda ke rage matakin glucose a jiki.
Idan an gano alamun sukari a cikin fitsari, yi amfani da:
- kirfa
- Abubuwan kayan ado na ganye (nettle, Dandelion, stevia);
- ruwan lemo;
- oat iri.
Masanin, a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, zai yi magana game da abubuwan da ke haifar da, alamu da magani na glucosuria.
