Assay ga haemoglobin (HbA1c)

Abin da ke cikin haemoglobin

Glycated haemoglobin wani lokaci ana samun shi a cikin ilimin kimiya da na likitanci kamar glycosylated ko kuma ga wani ɗan gajeren lokaci don HbA1c. Kodayake akwai nau'ikansa 3: HbA1a, HbA1b da HbA1c, yawancin shine ƙarshen abin da yake da sha'awa, tun da aka kafa shi da yawa fiye da sauran.

Da kansa, wannan alamar tana ba da labarin yawan glucose a cikin matsakaici a cikin jini na dogon lokaci (har zuwa watanni 3). Ya nuna kashi nawa ɗin haemoglobin ɗin yana da dangantaka da glucose.

Yanke shawara:

• Hb - haemoglobin kai tsaye;
• A1 yanki ne;
• c - kariyar ƙasa.

Me yasa za ayi HbA1c

Don bincika aikawa:

1. Mata masu juna biyu za su bayyana ciwon sukari na nesa.
2. Mata masu juna biyu da ke da irin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari domin a san haɓakar haemoglobin a cikin lokaci, wanda zai iya tsokani ɓarna a cikin tayin, babban nauyin yara, da lalatawar ciki da haihuwa.
3. Mutanen da aka gwada don haƙuri haƙuri. Ana buƙatar wannan don ƙarin ingantaccen kuma cikakken sakamako.
4. Wadanda suka rigaya sun kamu da cutar sukari don bincika glycemia na dogon lokaci.

Hakanan, haemoglobin mai narkewa yana ba da izinin farko don gano ciwon sukari ko kimanta diyyarsa.

Siffofin nazarin

Ingancin HbA1c shine baka buƙatar shirya shi. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su don nazarin shine jini, ana iya ɗauka duka daga jijiya kuma daga yatsa - ya dogara da nau'in mai nazarin. Ana iya gudanar da bincike a kowane lokaci na rana. Idan canjin ba akan komai a ciki bane, wannan yakamata ayi gargadi kafin hakan.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfanin binciken

Kowace hanya tana da fa'ida da yarda. Amfani mafi mahimmanci na wannan bincike shine lura da matakan sukari a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ba sa cin abinci ko ba sa shan magunguna a kai a kai. Wasu mutane suna ƙoƙarin nuna rashin jinya ga likitan su, fara rage yawan amfani da Sweets mako guda kafin gudummawar jini, amma har yanzu gaskiya tana haɓaka, saboda hawan jini yana nuna matsakaicin glucose a cikin 'yan watannin da suka gabata.

Abvantbuwan amfãni:

• An gano DM koda a farkon matakan;
• Kuna iya kula da bin kulawa da abinci da watanni 3 da suka gabata;
• jini yana gudana daga yatsa ko jijiya.
• Ana gudanar da bincike a kowane lokaci na rana;
• sakamakon yana tantance yuwuwar haɗarin cututtukan ciwon sukari;
• cututtuka masu yaduwa ba su shafar sakamakon.

Rashin daidaituwa ya haɗa da farashin bincike. Hakanan, ba bu mai kyau a gudanar da bincike a cikin dukkan alamu ba, tunda ana iya gurbata sakamakon. Binciken yana haifar da sakamako mara kyau a cikin waɗannan lamura masu zuwa:

• Zubar da jini. Wannan magudin na iya yin shisshigi tare da tantance gaskiyar matakin HbA1c, saboda ma'aunin mai bayarwa ya sha bamban da na mutumin da aka allura da jinin wani.
• Yawan zubar jini.
• Cututtukan jini, kamar karancin baƙin ƙarfe.
• A baya can an cire baƙin ciki.
• Cututtuka na hanta da kodan.
• Rage matakan hormone thyroid.

Bayyana sakamakon

Duka dakunan gwaje-gwaje na iya samun kimar daban daban na haemoglobin; dabi'u na yau da kullun ana nuna su a cikin sakamakon binciken.

Dalilin karuwar HbA1c na iya zama:

• Ciwon sukari mai ciwon sukari akwai.
• Carbohydrate metabolism gazawar.
• Rashin ƙwayar baƙin ƙarfe.
• Ana cire baƙin ciki a cikin kwanannan.
• Maganin guba na Ethanol.
• Cutar ciki tare da samfuran abubuwan rayuwa wanda ke kwance a cikin jiki na tsawon lokaci fiye da lokacin da ya dace saboda cututtukan tsarin urinary.

Sanadin rage glycated haemoglobin:

• Hypoglycemia.
• Rage rayuwar tantanin halittar jan jini wanda ke hade da cututtukan jini masu saurin zuwa.
• Yanayi bayan fama da yawan zubar jini.
• Yanayin bayan zub da jini.
• Damuwa ta Pancreatic.

Idan mace mai ciki ta gabatar da bincike, za a iya canza alkalumman a duk tsawon lokacin haihuwar jariri. Dalilin tsalle-tsalle na iya zama saboda:

• karancin iskar baƙin ƙarfe a cikin mahaifiyar mai juna biyu;
• manyan 'ya'yan itace;
• lalataccen aikin na koda.

Dogaro da HbA1c akan matakin glucose a cikin jini

Matakan ƙwararraki (al'ada) don ciwon sukari

"Matakin getaƙwalwa" yana nufin lambobin da kuke buƙatar ƙoƙari don kar ku sami rikice-rikice a nan gaba. Idan mai ciwon sukari yana da kimar haemoglobin mai ƙasa da 7%, wannan shine al'ada. Amma zai fi kyau idan wannan adadi yayi ƙoƙari don 6%, babban abin magana shine ƙoƙari don ragewa ba ya cutar da lafiyar. Tare da kyakkyawan kula da ciwon sukari, darajar HbA1c shine <6.5%.

Yadda za a rage glycated haemoglobin

Domin baya barin rai da lafiya, ya zama dole a dauki matakan da suka dace domin rage HbA1c. Bayan haka, idan ba a yi wannan ba, haɗarin rikitar da ciwon sukari yana ƙaruwa.

Hanyoyi 5 masu tasiri don rage HbA1c ba tare da lahani ba:

1. Kada a manta da magani. Likitocin bawai kawai rubutasu bane, yakamata a basu amana. Ingantaccen ilimin magani shine mabuɗin kyawawan alamu. Ba'a ba da shawarar maye gurbin kwayoyi don kansu tare da ƙarancin analogues, koda kuwa abu mai aiki yana nan.
2. Ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Wajibi ne a rage adadin carbohydrates da aka cinye kuma ya sanya rabo ya zama ƙarami, amma ƙara yawan abinci. Kada jikin ya fuskanci yunwar kuma ya kasance cikin matsananciyar damuwa. Tare da matsananciyar yunwar, saurin jujjuya abinci sau da yawa yakan faru, wanda ya zama wani lokaci don tsalle-tsalle a cikin sukari.
3. Aiki na Jiki. Cardiotraining yana da tasiri musamman, lokacin da aka ƙarfafa tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, ana inganta lafiya kuma an rage matakan sukari. Bai kamata kuyi tsammanin sakamakon nan da nan ba, saboda haka tilas ne a haɗa wasan cikin jituwa cikin rahusa na rayuwa. Idan an haramta shi, doguwar tafiya a cikin sabon iska shima zai amfana.
4. Tsayawa tare da diary. Wajibi ne a yi rikodin ayyukan jiki, abinci, alamun glycemia (auna tare da glucometer), sashi na kwayoyi da sunayensu. Don haka ya fi sauƙi a gano ƙirar haɓaka ko raguwa a cikin glucose jini.
5. Kullum sarrafawar sukari. Wasu mutane, don adana kuɗi, suna amfani da mitan sau da yawa ba da buƙata ba. Wannan bai kamata ba. Measurea'idodin kullun suna taimakawa wajen daidaita abinci mai gina jiki ko kuma yawan ƙwayoyi a lokaci.

Tambayoyi akai-akai

Lokacin da aka ba wa mutum jagora don ɗaukar wannan nazarin, yana da tambayoyi, amsoshin waɗanda suka fi kyau gano daga likita. Amma ana iya samun su ta yanar gizo. Ga abubuwan da aka fi so:

Shin sakamakon zai iya zama kuskure kuma saboda menene?

Abubuwan ɗan adam dole ne a ko da yaushe cikin la'akari: shambura na iya haɗuwa, ɓacewa, aika zuwa binciken da ba daidai ba, da dai sauransu. Hakanan ana iya yin rikice-rikice a cikin sakamakon sakamakon waɗannan dalilai masu zuwa:

• tarin kayan da ba su dace ba;
• akwai a lokacin isarwa da zubar jini (rashin sanin sakamako);
• gaban carbamylated haemoglobin a cikin mutanen da suke da matsalar koda. Wannan nau'in yana kama da HbA1c, saboda yana da cajin makamancin wannan, wani lokacin ana ɗauka kamar glycated, sakamakon abin da sakamakonsa ya zama sama da ƙari.

Shin ya wajaba a yi amfani da glucometer idan ana bayar da bincike don HbA1c akai-akai?

Kasancewar glucose na mutum na wajibi ne, dole ne a yi amfani dashi sau da yawa kamar yadda likitancin endocrinologist ya umarta. Binciken don haemoglobin ya nuna sakamako kawai ne na tsawon watanni 3. Amma nawa matakan sukari ke hawa a cikin rana - a'a.

Binciken Cost akan HbA1c?

Kowane yanki yana da nasa farashin. Kimanin farashinsa shine 800-900 rubles.

Shin sakamakon da aka samu daga ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban zai zama na sanarwa?

Binciken ba shi da takamaiman hanyar ganewar asali da duk dakunan gwaje-gwaje suke amfani da ita, don haka sakamakon na iya bambanta dan kadan. Bugu da kari, a wurare daban-daban ana iya samun kimar tunani daban. Zai fi kyau zaɓi wani dakin gwaje-gwaje na zamani da tabbatar da ci gaba kuma kuyi bincike a can akai akai.

Sau da yawa don ɗaukar glycated haemoglobin

An shawarci masu ciwon sukari suyi nazari a kowane watanni 3, wato, sau 4 a shekara don saka idanu kan tasirin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, matakin biyan diyya ga ƙwayoyin carbohydrate kuma don tabbatar da cewa ƙididdigar tana cikin ƙimar.

Me yasa aka zaɓi wannan lokacin? Glycated haemoglobin yana da dangantaka kai tsaye da sel jini, wanda tsawon rayuwar sa kusan kwanaki 120 ne, amma tare da wasu cututtukan jini ana iya rage shi.

Idan matakin sukari ya tabbata, an zaɓi maganin ƙwayar cuta sosai kuma mutumin ya bi abincin, zaku iya ɗaukar gwajin sau da yawa - sau 2 a shekara. Ga mutane masu lafiya, ana gudanar da binciken duk shekara 1-3 da nufin su.

Shin HbA1C ya bambanta tsakanin maza da mata?

Bambanci tsakanin sakamako a cikin mata da maza kadan ne. Ya bambanta a zahiri ta hanyar 0,5%, wanda ke hade da adadin jimlar haemoglobin.

Matsakaicin ƙimar HbA1C a cikin mutane masu jinsi daban-daban dangane da shekaru:

Hanyoyin tantancewa

Hanyar gaskiya kawai da kowa ke amfani da ita ba. Za'a iya amfani da ƙayyadadden ƙwayar haemo na jini ta amfani da:

• ruwa na chromatography;
• immunoturbodimetry;
• ion musayar chromatography;
• nazarin nephelometric.

A ƙarshe, zamu iya cewa bincike shine mahimmancin bincike a rayuwar masu ciwon sukari, tare da shi zaku iya ganin yadda aka biya bashin ciwon sukari da kuma yadda aka zaɓa yadda ya kamata.