Hadarin ciwon sukari ya ta'allaka ne a cikin rikice-rikicen da ke faruwa lokacin da mara lafiya ya keta ka'idodi na asali na halayyar da aka ba da shawarar cutar. Suchaya daga cikin irin wannan bayyanuwar ita ce rashin lafiyar haihuwar. Ana nuna wannan yanayin ta hanyar raguwa a cikin matakan glucose na jini a ƙasa da ƙimar yarda.
Menene hypoglycemia?
Ana daukar glucose daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samar da kuzari a jiki. Tare da ƙarancin abun ciki a cikin jini, yanayin rayuwa mai haɗari yana tasowa - hypoglycemia. Mafi yawancin lokuta, mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1 suna bayyana shi, amma kuma yana iya faruwa tare da nau'in cuta ta 2. A wasu halaye, wannan yanayin na iya nuna alamun wasu cututtuka da matsalolin kiwon lafiya.
Cakuda glucose a cikin jini tare da hypoglycemia ya kai 3.3 mmol / L. A irin wannan lokacin, ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa suna farawa da rashin sukari kuma, in babu matakan da suka wajaba don sake cike abubuwan da ke ciki, zai iya mutuwa.
Rashin glucose ya cutar da aikin neurons, wanda ke haifar da rikicewar motsi, asarar ikon yin tunani a sarari kuma cikin ikon sarrafa ayyukan su.
Tare da waɗannan alamun, yana da mahimmanci don fara magani nan da nan. In ba haka ba, cutar rashin haihuwa a cikin jiki na iya haɓaka, wanda hakan kan iya kaiwa ga mutuwa.
Sanadin rashin lafiyar hypoglycemic
Mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari suna buƙatar bin duk ƙa'idodin gudanarwa a cikin cutar, sune:
- bi abinci, abinci;
- dauki kwayoyi na roba waɗanda suka dace da nau'in ciwon sukari ko allurar cikin insulin ƙarƙashin ƙasa;
- sarrafa sukari.
Yin watsi da waɗannan shawarwarin na iya haifar da haɓaka sakamako mai haɗari ga mai haƙuri, gami da cututtukan jini.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da tashin hankali a yanayin mulkin:
- Wucewar jiki a jikin insulin. Yawancin lokaci wannan yana faruwa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari-insulin lokacin da ake gudanar da kashi mara kyau na miyagun ƙwayoyi.
- Babban tazara tsakanin ciye-ciye, ko rashin wadataccen abinci na jiki saboda takamaiman aiki, tsayawa a wuraren jama'a. A wannan yanayin, mutum zai iya ko dai da gangan watsi da alamun farko na hypoglycemia, ko kuma jin kunyar samun abun ciye-ciye a cikin yanayin, bayan yayi babban kuskure.
- Yin amfani da giya. Bayan shan karfi mai sha, matakin glucose din zai iya raguwa bayan wani lokaci idan shaye-shayen ba shi da abun ciye-ciye, gami da isasshen adadin carbohydrates.
- Ba a la'akari da aikin motsa jiki ba. Duk wani motsa jiki yana haɗuwa da yawan ƙwayar tsoka a cikin ƙwayar tsoka, don haka rashin abun ciye-ciye kafin ko bayan azuzuwan yana haifar da faɗuwar sukari.
- Shan wasu magunguna waɗanda zasu iya rage tasirin hankali ga bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
- Kasancewar babban digiri na polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari, sakamakon abin da ya shafi ƙwayoyin jijiya, ƙwaƙwalwar hypoglycemia ta ɓace. Dole ne mutum ya binciki sukari akai-akai tare da sinadarin glucometer domin gujewa raguwa sosai a ciki.
- Rashin tsarin tsarin sha. A wannan yanayin, jiki ya fara kashe glucose na hanzari, yana haifar da raguwa a cikin jigon jini.
Rarrabuwa da alamun cutar
Matsayin hypoglycemic jihar an rarrabe cikin nau'ikan dangane da bayyanar cututtuka, tsananin, tsarin ci gaban da asalinsa.
Babban siffofin hypoglycemia:
- M (neonatal). Wannan yanayin yakan kasance tare da jarirai sabbin yara kuma an yi bayanin shi ta hanyar rashin glucogenesis a lokacin zama a cikin mahaifa. Babiesa babiesan jarirai masu tasowa waɗanda ke da lahani na haɓaka ko waɗanda aka haife su ga uwaye masu ciwon sukari sun fi fitowa ga bayyanar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.
- Mai kunnawa. Ana samo shi a cikin mutane masu kiba lokacin da aka samar da babban insulin a cikin martani don yawan ƙwayar carbohydrate.
- Barasa. Yana faruwa a cikin mutanen da suke shan giya da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
- Dare. Hypoglycemia yana faruwa yayin bacci daga 2 zuwa 4 hours, lokacin da jiki ya buƙaci insulin. Dalilin ci gaban shi shine yawan abin sama da yakamata wanda ake sarrafa shi a cikin dare da daddare.
- Alimentary. Yana bayyana bayan tiyata a kan narkewa na hanji (gastrointestinal fili) saboda ƙarancin ƙwayar glucose a cikin jini.
Daga lokacin bayyanuwar farko zuwa asarar hankali, mutum yana fuskantar digiri 3 na hypoglycemia, kowane ɗayan yana haɗuwa da alamun halayen.
Tebur na alamu da digiri na hypoglycemia:
| Digiri na | Abubuwa na yau da kullun | Kwayar cutar |
|---|---|---|
| Sauki | Abubuwan da ke faruwa na wannan yanayin yawan zubar jini shine mafi yawan lokuta ana haifar da su ta hanyar damuwa, tsoro, ko kwarewa mai matukar tasiri. | Mai haƙuri a wannan matakin na iya jin rauni, damuwa da damuwa ga dalilai waɗanda ba a san shi ba, wata ƙaramar jin yunwar, tachycardia, harin tashin zuciya ko tsananin farin ciki. |
| Matsakaici | Ackarancin abun ciye-ciye ko kwanciya, gwargwadon lokacin, babban abincin | Mutumin yana da gumi mai sanyi, rauni, rawar jiki a gwiwowi da hannaye, ciwon kai, ringing a cikin kunnuwa. Tunanin mai haƙuri ya fara yin girgije. Damuwar magana, rashi sarrafawa game da ayyukansu, pallor na fata ya zama sananne ga mutanen da ke kewaye. |
| Mai nauyi | Yin watsi da alamomin bayyanar cututtuka na matsakaici na ciwo, kazalika da ƙi karɓar carbohydrates | Mutun yakan rasa ikon kula da lamarin kuma ya gaji. Zai iya fuskantar tashin hankali, yana nuna rashin daidaituwa. Jikin zafin jiki na mara lafiya ya ragu, kuma matakin glucose ya sauka kasa da 2.2 mmol / L |
A cikin ƙwayar cutar sankarar ƙwayar cuta marasa ƙwaƙwalwa, marasa lafiya suna yawanci cikin halin hyperglycemia, lokacin da matakin sukari na jini ya wuce ƙimar halatta (fiye da 10 mmol / l). Mayar da mai nuna alama a cikin al'ada na iya haifar da alamun hypoglycemia na karya a cikin waɗannan mutane.
A wannan yanayin, jiki yana ɗaukar matakin glucose wanda ke tsakanin kewayon 5 mmol / L, wanda ya saba da lafiyar mutane, don ƙima mai ƙima. Mai haƙuri ya fara cinye carbohydrates kuma don haka ya sake tsokanar da haɓakar ƙwayar cuta.
Yana da mahimmanci ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari don iya bambance alamun hypoglycemia na ainihi daga bayyanannun karya da sarrafa matakan sukari don guje wa tasirin kiwon lafiya masu haɗari sakamakon faɗuwar kwatsam da hauhawar cikin glucose.
Taimako na farko
Taimako na farko don kawar da alamun cututtukan hypoglycemia ya haɗa da matakai 2:
- Carbohydrate ci
- Glycemia iko har sai da ka'idodinta al'ada.
Kowane yanki na gurasa ya ƙunshi 12 g na carbohydrates. Tare da glycemia kasa da 3.5 mmol / l, ya fi kyau a sha ruwan zaki ko shayi. Cakulan ko cakulan a cikin wannan yanayin ba zai yi aiki ba, saboda suna ɗauke da mai, wanda aka sha a hankali.
Bayan kwata na awa daya, yakamata a auna sukari ta amfani da glucometer. Idan matakin glucose yana ƙasa da 3.9 mmol / l, to kuna buƙatar amfani da wani 1.5 XE, auna sukari bayan mintina 15.
Idan babu karuwa a cikin mai nuna alama, ya kamata a maimaita abin ciye-ciye tare da tabbataccen bincike na mai nuna alamar glucose na jini. Madadin abubuwan ciye-ciye tare da ma'aunin sarrafa sukari ya zama har sai darajar da aka samu akan mit ɗin bai wuce 3.9 mmol / L ba.
Idan mutum ba zai iya cinye carbohydrates da kansa kuma yana da masaniya, to kana buƙatar sanya shi a gefe kuma kira motar asibiti. Bayar da abin sha ko abinci ga mutane a wannan yanayin yana da haɗari, saboda suna iya shaƙa. Kafin isowa daga kungiyar likitocin, dangin mara lafiya na iya yin allurar dashi ta hanyar ragewar glucagon, wacce ake siyarwa a cikin wata takaddama ta musamman a cikin magunguna. Wannan zai taimaka wajan tsira da rayuwa.
Inpatient magani
Kulawa ta gaggawa ga mara lafiya wanda bai santa ba ko cikin kwayar halitta ya ƙunshi gudanar da aikin magani a asibiti bisa ga tsarin da ke gaba:
- Ana gudanar da maganin glucose (40%) a cikin ciki cikin girman 40-60 ml tare da maganin Glucagon. Idan matakin glucose har yanzu yana ƙasa da al'ada, to, an haɗa dropper tare da maganin 5% na magungunan guda ɗaya har sai mai haƙuri ya sake farfaɗo.
- Ana amfani da allurar adrenaline don mayar da numfashi da palpitations.
- Don hana cutar ta hanji, ana yin allurar Magnesia.
- Tare da farawa na coma mai zurfi, 150 MG na hydrocortisone ana gudanar da shi ta intramuscularly ga mai haƙuri.
Idan hankali bai koma ga mutum sa'o'i 4 bayan matakan da aka ɗauka ba, wannan yana nuna babban damar cutar hanji, wanda zai haifar da rashin ƙarfi kawai, har ma da mutuwa.
Sakamakon jiki
Yawancin hare-hare na hypoglycemia yana cutar da aikin duk gabobin ciki.
Babban sakamakon:
- ci gaban angiopathy na hanyoyin jini;
- haɗarin cututtukan zuciya yana ƙaruwa;
- kwakwalwa ta rikice;
- bugun jini da na huhun hanji na iya haɓaka;
- rikicewar ciwon sukari a cikin ci gaba mai haƙuri;
- coma ta zo.
Kasancewa cikin coma na dogon lokaci yana haifar da mutuwar ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa kuma yana iya haifar da mutuwa.
Yaya za a hana yanayi mai haɗari?
Kuna iya rage haɗarin yanayin cutar ta amfani da matakan kariya, waɗanda suka haɗa da shawarwari masu zuwa:
- san hanyoyin dakatar da wannan yanayin da kuma kawar da alamun ta;
- sami damar zaɓar sashi na insulin daidai da adadin da aka tsara na XE;
- kar ku wuce kashi na hodar da ake sarrafawa;
- saka idanu akan abinci kuma bi tsarin allura;
- Kada ku tsallake manyan abincin, har ma da abubuwan ciye-ciye da aka tsara;
- sarrafa glycemia safe, daidai da canji a cikin glucose bayan kowace abinci tare da glucometer;
- kar a sha barasa;
- koyaushe ɗaukar cubes sukari, glucose a cikin allunan ko carbohydrates mai sauƙi don dakatar da hypoglycemia a farkon bayyanar;
- Tabbatar karanta umarnin don magungunan da aka ɗauka don sanin yadda abubuwan haɗin su ke shafar alamar glucose;
- Yi ƙarin abun ciye-ciye kafin fara aiki na zahiri ko wasa wasanni.
Dalilin da yasa sukari jini ya sauka sosai:
Abincin da aka dace da shi a farkon alamun hypoglycemia zai taimaka wajen hana farawa mai tsanani na bayyanuwar ta, lokacin da yawan ƙwayar carbohydrates ba zai yiwu ba.
Zai yi wuya a taimaka wa mutumin da ke cikin rantsuwa, musamman idan mutanen da ke kusa da shi ba su san ciwon nasa ba. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa guje wa farawar hypoglycemia yafi sauƙi fiye da kawar da alamun ta.
