Apidra SoloStar shine mafita don yin allurar subcutaneous. Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da wannan magani shine Glulisin, wanda yake aiki kamar analog na insulin mutum.
An samo wannan hormone ta amfani da hanyoyin injin. Sakamakon amfani da shi daidai yake da ƙarfin aikin insulin ɗan adam, saboda haka an yi nasarar amfani da Apidra don daidaita glycemia a cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari.
Babban bayani
Apidra, kodayake ana ɗaukarsa azaman analog ne na hormone na mutum, ana ɗaukar shi da sauri kuma ba mai daɗewa ba idan aka kwatanta shi. An gabatar da magani na pharmacological a cikin tsarin radar (rajista na miyagun ƙwayoyi) a matsayin gajeren insulin.
Apidra shine mafita wanda aka yi amfani dashi don injections na subcutaneous.
Baya ga abu mai aiki (glulisin), ƙwayar ta ƙunshi ƙarin ƙarin kayan aikin kamar:
- polysorbate 20 (monolaurate);
- sodium hydroxide;
- trometamol (mai karɓar proton);
- sodium chloride;
- cresol;
- acid (mai karfi) hydrochloric.
An sanya maganin maganin a cikin kwantena dauke da 3 ml, wanda aka sanya a cikin alkairin sirinji kuma ba za'a iya musanya shi ba. Ana bada shawara don adana miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin firiji ba tare da ɓoye shi zuwa daskarewa da shigar azzakari cikin rana ba. Alkalami mai sirinji 2 hours kafin allura ta farko ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ɗaki mai ɗakin zazzabi.
Farashin 5 alkalami na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kusan 2000 rubles. Farashin da mai samarwa ya ƙila na iya bambanta da ainihin farashin.
Halayen magunguna
An wajabta Apidra don masu ciwon sukari don daidaita yanayin glycemia. Saboda kasancewar sinadaran hormonal a cikin abin da ya kunsa, darajar ma'aunin glucose a cikin jini yana raguwa.
Ana sauke matakin sukari tsakanin kwata na awa daya bayan allurar subcutaneous. Maganin cikin ciki na insulin na asalin mutum da maganin Apidra suna da kusan iri guda iri guda akan dabi'un glycemia.
Bayan allura, ana aiwatar da hanyoyin da ke gaba a cikin jiki:
- hanta yana hana hancin glucose;
- lipolysis yana cikin damuwa a cikin sel wanda suke yin tasirin tso adi;
- akwai inganta tsarin furotin;
- motsawar glucose a cikin kasusuwa na gefe yana motsawa;
- ragewar furotin.
Dangane da sakamakon binciken da aka gudanar a tsakanin mutane masu lafiya da marasa lafiya da masu cutar siga, allurar subcutaneous allurai ta Apidra ba kawai rage lokacin jira bane don tasirin da ake so, amma kuma ya rage tsawon lokacin tasirin. Wannan fasalin yana bambanta wannan hormone daga insulin mutum.
Ayyukan hypoglycemic iri daya ne a cikin hormone Apidra da cikin insulin mutum. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti daban-daban don kimanta tasirin waɗannan kwayoyi. Sun haɗu da marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fama da cutar ta 1. Sakamakon da aka samo ya kai ga kammalawa cewa maganin Glulisin a cikin adadin 0.15 U / kg, ana gudanar da mintina 2 kafin cin abinci, ya sa ya yiwu a lura da matakin glucose bayan awanni 2 daidai gwargwado kamar bayan injections insulin na mutum da aka yi a cikin rabin awa.
Apidra yana riƙe da kaddarorin kayan aiki mai sauri a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ƙwayar kiba.
Type 1 ciwon sukari
Gwajin asibiti da aka gudanar tsakanin mutane masu kamuwa da cutar ta farko sun danganta ne da kwatancen abubuwan Glulisin da Lizpro. Makonni 26, ana ba da homon da ke ɗauke da waɗannan abubuwan haɗin ga marasa lafiya. Anyi amfani da Glargin azaman babban shiri. Bayan ƙarshen lokacin bincike, an kimanta canjin da ke cikin gemocolobin haemoglobin.
Marasa lafiya na makonni 26 bugu da measuredari yana auna matakin glycemia ta amfani da glucometer. Kulawar ya nuna cewa maganin insulin tare da Glulisin idan aka kwatanta da magani tare da magani wanda ke dauke da Lizpro baya buƙatar haɓaka yawan suturar hormone.
Matakin gwaji na uku ya kasance makonni 12. Ya ƙunshi masu aikin sa kai daga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari waɗanda suka allurar Glargin.
Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa yin amfani da maganin tare da kayan Glulisin bayan kammala cin abinci yana da tasiri kamar lokacin yin allura kafin abinci.
Ta wata hanyar, an tabbatar da dalilin amfani da Apidra (da kwayoyin halittu masu kama da juna) idan aka kwatanta da insulin ɗan adam, ana gudanar da rabin sa'a kafin abincin da aka shirya.
An raba marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwajin zuwa rukuni biyu:
- mahalarta suna gudanar da Apidra;
- marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari, suna gudanar da ilimin insulin ta hanyar injections na jikin mutum.
Sakamakon gwaji na asibiti ya haifar da yanke shawara cewa sakamakon rage hawan jini mai narkewa ya kasance mafi girma a farkon mahalarta mahalarta.
Type 2 ciwon sukari
Nazarin 3 na zamani wanda ke nuna tasirin magunguna a cikin glycemia a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 an gudanar da su tsawon makonni 26. Bayan sun kammala, sauran gwaji na asibiti sun biyo baya, wanda ya dauki lokaci guda a cikin tsawon lokacin su.
Aikin su shi ne tantance amincin daga amfani da allurar ta Apidra, ana gudanar da shi a cikin mintina 15 kafin cin abinci, da kuma insulin mutum, wanda ake yiwa marassa lafiya 30 ko 45.
Babban insulin a cikin dukkanin mahalarta shine Isofan. Matsakaicin jigon jikin mahalarta shine 34.55 kg / m². Wasu marasa lafiya sun ɗauki ƙarin magunguna na baka, yayin da suke ci gaba da ba da maganin a cikin sashi mara canzawa.
Apidra na hormone ya zama mai daidaituwa da insulin na asalin ɗan adam a cikin ƙididdigar yawan kuzarin na glycated hemoglobin na watanni shida da watanni 12 dangane da darajar farawa.
Alamar ta canza a cikin watanni shida na farko kamar haka:
- a cikin marasa lafiya ta yin amfani da insulin na mutum - 0.30%;
- a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda suka shiga jiyya tare da insulin wanda ke ɗauke da Glulizin - 0.46%.
Canza mai nuna alama bayan shekara ta gwaji:
- a cikin marasa lafiya ta yin amfani da insulin mutum - 0.13%;
- a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda suka shiga jiyya tare da insulin wanda ke ɗauke da Glulisin - 0.23%.
Tasirin, har ma da amincin amfani da kwayoyi dangane da Glulisin, bai canza a cikin mutanen jinsi da jinsi dabam ba.
Rukunin Masu haƙuri na Musamman
Ayyukan Apidra na iya canzawa idan marasa lafiya suna da cututtukan cututtukan da ke da alaƙa daban-daban:
- Rashin wahala. A irin waɗannan halayen, akwai raguwa a cikin buƙatar hormone.
- Pathology na hanta. Ba a yi nazarin tasirin wakilan Glulisin a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da irin wannan cuta ba.
Babu bayanai game da canje-canje na kantin magani a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya. A cikin yara da matasa daga shekaru 7 zuwa 16, suna fama da ciwon sukari irin na 1, an sha magani sosai cikin hanzari bayan gudanar da aikin karkashin ƙasa.
Yin injections na Apidra kafin cin abinci yana ba ku damar kula da matakin al'ada na glycemia bayan cin abinci idan aka kwatanta da insulin ɗan adam.
Alamu da magunguna
Yin amfani da maganin magani ya zama dole ga mutanen da ke dauke da nau'in cutar da ke dogara da insulin. Rukunin marasa lafiya waɗanda aka wajabta su ga miyagun ƙwayoyi yawancin lokuta sun haɗa da yara sama da shekaru 6.
Dole ne a gudanar da maganin da ke kunshe da Glulisin kai tsaye bayan abinci ko kuma a jima. Ana amfani da apidra a hade tare da dogon lokacin insulin ko jamiái tare da matsakaicin tsawon lokacin tasiri, kazalika da analogues ɗin su. Bugu da ƙari, an ba shi damar amfani da wasu magungunan hypoglycemic tare da injections na hormone. Dole ne a allurar da allurar Apidra ta likita kawai.
Ya kamata a gudanar da aikin tiyatar cutar kawai a ƙarƙashin kulawar kwararrun. Haramun ne a canza kai tsaye na kowane magunguna, musamman allurar insulin, kazalika da soke magani ko canzawa zuwa wasu nau'in hodar ba tare da izinin farko daga endocrinologist ba.
Koyaya, akwai takaddun tsarin insulin na kwalliya wanda zai iya amfani da kwayoyin. Yana nuna lissafin aiki na wajibi na adadin gurasar burodin da aka cinye kowace rana (1 XE daidai 12 g na carbohydrates).
Buƙatar Hormon:
- don rufe 1 XE don karin kumallo, raka'a 2 ya kamata a farashi ;;
- don abincin rana kuna buƙatar raka'a 1.5 .;
- a maraice, ana ɗaukar adadin homon da XE daidai, watau 1: 1, bi da bi.
Kula da ciwon sukari a cikin lokaci na biyan diyya, da kuma glycemia na yau da kullun, idan kun lura da glucose koyaushe. Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar ɗaukar ma'auni akan mita da kuma ƙididdige buƙatar homon don yin injections daidai da adadin da aka tsara na XE.
Hanyar Gudanarwa
Maganin maganin na Apidra ana allurar ne da fata idan an yi amfani da alkalami. A cikin yanayin inda marasa lafiya suke amfani da famfon na insulin, wakili yana shiga ta hanyar jiko na dindindin a cikin yankin tare da mai mai ƙyalli.
Muhimman abubuwan da za ku sani kafin allurar:
- Maganin shine allurar a cikin yankin cinya, kafada, amma mafi yawan lokuta a cikin yankin kusa da cibiya akan ciki.
- Lokacin shigar da famfo, magani ya kamata ya shigar da yadudduka masu ƙasa a ciki.
- Wuraren allurar ya kamata ya musanya.
- Saurinwa da tsawon lokacin ɗaukar abu, farawar tasirin yana dogara ne akan yankin allurar mafita, da kuma kan nauyin da aka yi.
- Karka tausa bangarorin da abin ya shafa allurar don kada ya shiga cikin jiragen.
- Abubuwan da aka yi a cikin ciki suna bada garantin saurin fara aiki fiye da allurar a wasu bangarorin.
- Za a iya haɗuwa da Apidra tare da Isofan na hormone.
Maganin Apidra da aka yi amfani dashi don tsarin famfon ɗin ba dole ne a hade shi da wasu magunguna masu kama ba. Jagororin wannan na'urar sun ƙunshi cikakken bayani game da aikin na'urar.
Abubuwan bidiyo game da fa'idodin matatun insulin:
M halayen
A lokacin maganin insulin, cutar sikila na iya faruwa. Abubuwan da ke faruwa na bayyanar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin mafi yawan lokuta ana gab da alamomi masu alaƙa da haɓaka ƙimar haɓaka jini. A zahiri, irin waɗannan bayyanannun halayen hypoglycemia ne.
Wannan halin shine mafi girman sakamakon zaɓin da aka zaɓa ko kuskuren abinci wanda aka ƙone tare da adadin raka'a.
Idan hypoglycemia ya faru, yanayin haƙuri ba ya daidaita idan ba a ɗauki matakan da suka dace ba. Sun ƙunshi amfani da carbohydrates da yawa.
Da sauri mai haƙuri zai iya yin cizo, da yawa damar da zai samu don saurin sauƙin alamun cutar halayyar wannan halin. In ba haka ba, laima na iya faruwa, kusan ba zai yiwu a fita daga ciki ba tare da taimakon likita ba. Marasa lafiya a cikin wannan yanayin suna buƙatar saka allurar glucose.
Rashin hankali daga metabolism da fata
A cikin allurar allura, halayen kamar:
- itching
- hyperemia;
- kumburi.
Alamomin da aka jera akai-akai sukan tafi da kansu kuma basa buƙatar dakatar da ilimin magani.
Rashin hankali game da metabolism an bayyana shi a cikin ci gaban hypoglycemia, wanda ke hade da alamomin masu zuwa:
- gajiya
- rauni da kuma gajiya
; - hargitsi na gani;
- nutsuwa
- tachycardia;
- yawan tashin zuciya;
- abin mamaki na ciwon kai;
- gumi mai sanyi;
- bayyanar ruɗani, har da asara cikakke.
;Gabatarwa da mafita ba tare da canza yankin naushi ba na iya haifar da lipodystrophy. Halin nama ne ga rauni na dindindin kuma an bayyana shi cikin rauni na atrophic.
Janar cuta
Rashin rikice-rikice na tsarin yayin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da wuya.
Abin da ya faru yana haɗuwa da alamomin masu zuwa:
- fuka-fuka
; - urticaria;
- abin mamaki na itching;
- dermatitis lalacewa ta hanyar rashin lafiyan.
;A wasu halayen, maɗaukakin rashin lafiyar na iya jefa rayuwar mai haƙuri cikin haɗari.
Musamman marasa lafiya
Ya kamata a allurar da mafita ta mafita ga masu juna biyu da tsananin taka tsantsan. Ya kamata a gudanar da kula da cutar ta hanji a cikin tsarin wannan jiyya koyaushe.
Muhimmin wuraren kwantar da hankalin insulin ga iyaye mata masu juna biyu:
- Kowane irin nau'in ciwon sukari, ciki har da nau'in kwayar cutar ta cutar, yana buƙatar kula da matakin glycemia tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada a duk tsawon lokacin ciki.
- Sashi na kwatancen magungunan da ake gudanarwa yana raguwa a cikin farkon farkon lokaci kuma yana ƙaruwa a hankali, yana farawa daga watanni 4 na ciki.
- Bayan haihuwa, ana rage buƙatar hormone, gami da Apidra. Matan da ke fama da cutar sankara a cikin mahaifa galibi suna bukatar katsewa cikin ilimin insulin bayan sun haihu.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa binciken game da shigar azzakarin ciki tare da glulisin bangaren cikin nono ba a gudanar da shi ba. Dangane da bayanin da ke kunshe a cikin sake dubawa game da iyaye mata masu shayarwa da masu cutar siga, don duk tsawon lokacin lactation, ya kamata kaɗaita ko tare da taimakon likitoci don daidaita sashin insulin da abinci.
Ba a wajabta maganin Apidra ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru shida ba. Babu wani bayanin asibiti game da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin wannan rukuni na marasa lafiya.
