Ciwon sukari (mellitus) yana saurin yaduwa a duniya, kuma bai damu da gaskiyar cewa masana kimiyya ba su tantance dukkan dalilan da yasa wannan cutar ta iya zama.
A wannan halin, mutum zai iya zama mai da hankali ne kawai ga jikinsa.
Kuma bari alamar wata cuta ta yi kuskure don bayyanar ciwon sukari - idan akwai shakku, ya kamata a tuntuɓi likita nan da nan don bayani (musamman tunda akwai ciwon sukari asymptomatic).
Sanadin Ciwon sukari
Duk da bayyanannu dalilai na cutar, babban dalilin shine biyu:
- sukari (musamman) da abinci (gabaɗaya);
- shiri na hankali don lalata jikin mutum (yanayin damuwa).
Duk da neman sabbin hanyoyin magance cututtukan sukari, cigaba da kame-kame na duniya ya ci gaba. An ba da sukari mafi yawan kayan kwalliya da lalata - har ma girke-girke na ketchup na tumatir ba zai iya yin ba tare da ƙara sukari ba, ba a ambaci wainar da ba a iya tsammani ba da kuma abubuwan shakatawa na yara.
Wata barazana ga lafiyar shine abinci gaba daya. Mutum bai taɓa cin abinci da yawa ba kuma sau da yawa. Yawancin abubuwan da aka bayar don cin abinci sun mayar da shi wata halitta koyaushe tauna - kuma nauyin da ke kan cutar kansa, wanda ke da yanayin rayuwarsa, ya zama mai matukar damuwa da tsoro.
Abubuwan da ke cikin giya suna aiki azaman hanyar kai tsaye na necrosis na glandular tissue, kuma a matsayin wata hanyar haifar da ischemia sashin jiki.
Wannan kuma ya shafi:
- shan taba sigari;
- amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi;
- matsananciyar sha'awar ƙwayoyi: magungunan barci, magunguna, bugun jini.
Babban dalili na biyu na ciwon sukari shine damuwa. Kuma ɗayan masu cutar damuwa shine tunatarwa koyaushe game da barazanar kamuwa da cutar siga da ke addabar mutane ko'ina. Tsoron wannan begen, tunanin zai haifar da wasu abubuwan da ake bukata kafin cutar.
Wani abu mai ba da gudummawa ga ciwon sukari a duk duniya shine nasarar magunguna. Idan shekaru 100-150 da suka gabata, masu ciwon sukari da wuya su sami zuriya, yanzu yanayin cutar ta hanyar magadan ya karu sau ɗarurruwa, masu cutar sukari 100% suna haihuwa da babban yiwuwar duk masu cutar guda ɗaya.
Godiya ga rashin aiki na jiki da sahabbansa da ba makawa: kiba, maƙarƙashiya, osteoporosis, microthrombi da cuta na rayuwa a cikin duk tsarin jikin mutum, a kan abin da gurɓataccen yanayin muhalli (wani dalili na ciwon sukari) yayi kama da jariri mara laifi, duniya ta zama mafaka mafi aminci ga masu ciwon sukari.
Tsarin cuta
Dangane da rarrabuwa etiological (causal) rarrabe ciwon sukari:
- Nau'in I (wanda kuma ake kira insulin-dependant, ko "youthful");
- Nau'in II (kasancewa mai zaman kansa mara insulin);
- gestational (saboda ciki);
- taso saboda dalilai na wani shiri na daban (saboda cututtukan da suka gabata, amfani da magunguna ko akasin haka).
Akwai rarrabuwar cutar a cikin lamura tare da matakan digiri daban-daban:
- sauki;
- matsakaici;
- nauyi.
Cikin sharuddan jihar metabolism, metabolism na iya zama:
- rama;
- sarrafawa;
- ƙetare.
Rarrabawa a gaban rikitarwa ya hada da sakamakon masu ciwon sukari a cikin hanyar:
- micro- ko macroangiopathies (raunuka na jijiyoyin jiki);
- neuropathy (rauni na tsoka nama da tsarinta);
- retinopathies (lalacewar gabobin hangen nesa);
- nephropathy (cutar koda);
- ƙafafun ciwon sukari (sanannen rarrabe ciwo ne wanda ke bayanin yanayin cututtukan jijiyoyin jini da sauran sifofin da suka shafi ƙananan hancin).
Binciken asibiti, wanda aka tattara akan tushen tsarin da ke sama, yana ba da taƙaitaccen hoto cikakke game da yanayin haƙuri a farkon karatun. Mutumin da ba shi da ilimi na musamman ya isa ya sani game da wanzuwar nau'ikan 2 da digiri 3 na tsananin cutar.
Na farko alamun cutar
Kamar yadda ya bayyana daga fassarar zahiri da sunan cutar daga Latin (ciwon sukari na zuma), ciwon sukari yana da manyan alamu guda biyu:
- zaki da dandano na fitsari;
- saurin urination da fa'ida.
Likitoci na Tsakanin Tsararru kawai suna zargin wuce haddi a cikin jinin sukari na innabi na dabi'a - glucose, amma suna iya ba da tabbacin ganewar ta wata hanyar - ta dandana fitsari na mai haƙuri. Domin a sakamakon rikicewar tsarin aikin sikeli koda, glucose a cikin ciwon sukari yana shiga fitsari (kamar yadda yakamata ya kasance a can). Daga baya, an tabbatar da zaton magabata na likitanci cikin nasara - cutar kuma ta hada da maganin hawan jini (yawan glucose a cikin jini).
Zai yuwu a iya jagorantar waɗannan canons a cikin wannan zamani, tunawa, duk da haka, kasancewar alamu guda biyu suna nuna yarda da ciwon sukari: fitsari yana da daɗi da yalwatacce. Don ciwon sukari shima ba sukari bane, amma wannan cuta ce ta gaba ɗaya, haɓaka wanda ke haifar da cikakkun dalilai.
Tare da rashin tsufa (kusan asymptomatic) ko cutar sukari mai rauni, alamun farko na iya kasancewa alamun alamunta na biyu (ba sabon abu ba game da wannan cutar)
- rikicewar hangen nesa;
- ciwon kai;
- rashin ƙarfi tsoka mai rauni;
- bushe bakin;
- itching hade da fata da kuma mucous membranes (musamman galibi a cikin yanki mai kusanci);
- da wuya a warkar da raunukan fata;
- za a iya amfani da ƙamshin acetone daga fitsari.
Kasancewarsu baya bada izinin kamuwa da nau'in I ko nau'in cuta na II - kawai ƙwararren likita da ƙarin nazarin abubuwan haɗin jini hade da wasu gwaje-gwaje na iya bambance su.
Musamman fasali
Sun fi nuna halayyar nau'in I, gabatowa ba zato ba tsammani da ƙarfi, sabili da haka, mai haƙuri na iya ba da rahoto ba wai kawai shekarar bayyanar su ba, har ma da watan (har zuwa mako da ke hade da wani abin da ya faru).
Waɗannan sun haɗa da kasancewar:
- polyuria (urination mai yawa kuma akai-akai);
- polydipsia (ƙishirwa ba a sani ba);
- polyphagia ("ƙyamar kyarkeci" wanda ba ya kawo satiation);
- m (da girma) nauyi asara.
Ya kamata a sani cewa ba muna magana ne game da mazaunin wucin gadi na kowane lokacin wahala ba, wanda bayan haka komai ya daidaita, amma game da tsayuwar daskararwar jiki na makonni da watanni.
Baya ga glucose, tare da wuce gona da iri ba ya zama mai gina jiki ba, amma wani fili wanda ke rushe tsarin rayuwa wanda yake lalata ma'aunin kwayar halitta a jikin mutum, abubuwan da suke da illa mai guba kan fasalin da ke tattare da shi:
- nama jijiya;
- zuciya
- koda
- hanta
- tasoshin.
Mafi shahara daga cikinsu shine acetone, sananne ga kwakwalwa don yanayin guba wanda ke faruwa bayan shan giya. Rarraba acetone da sauran samfuran metabolism mai rauni wanda ke haifar da gazawar duk tsarin jiki, da farko juyayi da jijiyoyin bugun jini, samar da sufuri da sadarwa a cikin jiki.
A cikin lamari mai mahimmanci (tare da karuwa mai yawa ko raguwa a cikin glucose jini), ciwon sukari na iya haifar da daidaituwa yayin da rikicewar jijiyoyin jini a cikin kwakwalwa na iya haifar da mutuwar mai haƙuri.
Bidiyo daga Dr. Malysheva:
Yaushe ba za ku iya jinkirta ziyarar likita ba?
Amsar wannan tambayar zata zama bayyananne bayan wasu bayani.
Nau'in nau'in I shine sakamakon ƙarancin samar da insulin, wanda ke iyakance matakin glucose a cikin jini. A nau'in bambance-bambancen nau'in II, insulin ya isa, amma saboda halaye na jiki, ikonsa na daidaita sukari na jini yana da iyaka - insulin ba shi da ikon rage abubuwan da ke ciki. Sakamakon yawan glucose mai yawa, yana zama mai guba, yana lalata hanya ta yau da kullun ga dukkan halayen ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jikin da ke damuwa ba kawai metabolism metabolism ba.
Matsayi ne na rashin daidaituwa na ƙwayar cuta da kuma ƙarfin jikin mutum don ramawa don waɗannan rikice-rikice waɗanda ke ƙayyade tsananin cutar sukari.
A cikin lokuta masu laushi, matakin glucose bai wuce ƙarancin raka'a 8 (mmol / l) ba, yanayin sauyawarsa na yau da kullun ba shi da mahimmanci.
Tsarin matsakaici yana nunawa ta hanyar haɓaka glucose har zuwa raka'a 14 tare da abubuwan ketosis-ketoacidosis (wuce haddi na acetone da makamantansu a cikin jini), ɓarna da cuta na jijiyoyin jiki.
A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, matakan glucose ya wuce raka'a 14, sauyin sa yayin rana yana da muhimmanci - matsaloli masu girma sun tashi tare da samar da jini ga kyallen, kuma katsewar abinci a cikin kwakwalwa na iya haifar da rashin lafiya.
Daga nan bi raɗaɗin abin da mara lafiya ya same shi ko dai yana da halayen ƙananan alamu, ko kuma alamun halayen masu ciwon sukari:
- polyuria (ciwon sukari) tare da jin daɗin fitsari;
- polydipsia (abin da ya faru na ƙishirwa, ba a kawar da shi koda da yawan shan ruwa da yawa);
- polyphagy (rashin cin abinci mara yawa);
- jiki mara nauyi slimming.
Kasancewar wannan ciwo (saiti na alamun) yana aiki a matsayin kyakkyawar dalilai don ziyartar endocrinologist ko, in babu wannan kwararrun, mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali wanda zai gudanar da karatun farko.
Dalilin zama babban binciken kusa kuma na iya lalacewa ta hanyar cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da cututtukan jijiya, wanda likitan ƙwaƙwalwar cuta ya gano, a cikin yanayin:
- farin ciki
- tashin zuciya
- amo da sautin a cikin kunnuwa;
- amai
- tashin hankali na yau da kullun ko rikicewar motar;
- matsaloli tare da ji da gani.
Signsanan alamun lalacewar jijiyoyin bugun zuciya, wanda alamu suka fito dashi, na iya zama karkacewa daga ayyukan gabobin hangen nesa ta hanyar:
- raguwa cikin tsananin ƙarfinsa;
- bushewa da cornea (ji kamar bushewa, "yashi", itching ko ciwon idanu);
- shimfidar abubuwa
- ripple da kwari a idanu;
- na faruwa a lokaci-lokaci na makaho da kuma asarar duk bangarorin hangen nesa;
- bayanin “duhu” a idanu.
Kasancewar cututtukan cututtukan jijiyoyin mahaifa na iya haifar da ziyarar farko ga likitocin sauran bayanan:
- tare da rikicewar fata trophic (samuwar raunuka a ƙananan ƙarshen) - ga likitan tiyata;
- tare da raunukan fata na rashin warkarwa - ga likitan fata;
- tare da zub da jini, baya warkarwa a bakin raunuka ko kuma bayyanar ulcers - ga likitan hakora.
Dalilin neman taimakon likita nan da nan yakamata ya kasance kowane yanayi na rashin sani, farawar yanayin da aka sani da “harshe yana dauke”, “hannu, ƙafa”, amai, tare da tashin zuciya da amai, koda kuwa waɗannan alamun na iya zama bayani daga barasa ko maye shan kwayoyi ko shan magungunan da likita ya umarta.
