Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce da, idan ba a magance ta ba, tana haifar da rikice rikice. Cutar sankara da ba a kula da ita ba lokacin yara yana da haɗari.
Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda cutar ke bayyana don tuntuɓar ƙwararren likita a cikin lokaci. Binciken lokaci na ciwon sukari a cikin yara shine hanya don tabbatar da cewa yaro zai iya jagorantar rayuwa iri ɗaya kamar takwarorinsa.
Siffofin cutar
Adadin cigaban cutar, alamunta da sakamakon bincike sun dogara da nau'in ciwon suga:
- Nau'in 1. Haɓakar cutar tana da sauri, a zahiri a cikin fewan kwanaki. Sanadin cutar ba isasshen samar da insulin ko kuma dakatar da wannan aikin;
- Nau'in 2. Ba kamar ciwon sukari na nau'in farko ba, wannan cuta tana haɓaka a hankali. Abin baƙin ciki, yawancin iyaye suna yin ƙararrawa ne kawai bayan bayyanar rikitarwa. Sau da yawa yakan fara ne tun daga lokacin yaro.
Yadda za a gano ciwon sukari a cikin yaro: alamun
A cikin yara masu tsufa, yana da sauƙi a gano alamun ƙararrawa, kuma tare da jarirai yafi wahala. Tare da ci gaban hankali na cutar, yaro yana ƙarancin samun nauyin jiki, barcinsa da ci yana da damuwa.
Hakanan ana lura da rikicewar yanayin bacci. Alamar karkatacciyar alamar cutar siga shine matsalolin fata: m diaper fitsari, kurji, rashin lafiyan, zafi mai zafi, rashen purulent. Fitsari ya zama m. Duk waɗannan alamun suna nuna ciwon sukari.
A cikin makarantan makarantan nasare da na yara na firamare, cutar ta bayyana kanta da alamu masu zuwa:
- yawan urination, gami da maraice;
- ko da yaushe ji ƙishirwa;
- nauyi asara ba ga wani dalili bayyananne;
- bushewar mucous membranes;
- bayyanar dermatitis.
Yaron ya koka da rauni, ya zama moodi, ya ƙi ko da wasannin da ya fi so.
Ayyukan makaranta yana raguwa. Abin baƙin ciki, iyaye sukan danganta wannan da lalacin talakawa da rashin yarda su shiga.
Matashi (bayan shekaru 14-15) ciwon sukari yana da halaye na kansa. Rashin tausayi, rashin aiki mara kyau, malaise, matsalolin fata, mai saurin kamuwa da mura - waɗannan waɗannan alamomi abokan juna ne na yawan ciwon suga.
Sugarara yawan sukarin jini yana ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar ƙishirwa mara amfani. Babban adadin ruwan sha yana haɗuwa da polyuria - yawan urination dare da rana.
A cikin girlsan mata, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 yana da rikitarwa sau da yawa ta hanyar ƙwayar polycystic, wanda ke haifar da haɗari kai tsaye ga aikin haifuwa na jiki.
Idan ba ku kula da alamun farko na cutar ba, rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki sun haɗu: hawan jini ya tashi, matakan cholesterol suna ƙaruwa. Matashiyar na fama da jijiyoyi a cikin wata gabar jiki, yadda ake ji a jiki.
Abin da gwaje-gwaje na taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka na sukari: sunaye da al'ada
Da farko, ciwon sukari na iya bayyana kansa a kowace hanya, ko kuma alamun ba a bayyana shi sosai. Gwajin da kwararrun likita suka tsara ya taimaka duka biyu wajen gano cutar da kuma sarrafa matakin sukari da lafiyar gaba daya.
Azumin jini yana kirgawa
Yin amfani da bincike na gaba ɗaya, ana iya gano glucose. An gwada yaro da safe, a kan komai a ciki.
A daidai da ka'idojin asibiti, matakin sukari a cikin yaro mai lafiya shine 3.5-5.5 mmol / L.
Idan an ƙara yawan abubuwan da aka samo na sukari, to, a matsayin mai mulkin, an tsara bincike na biyu.
Halittu
Binciken kwayoyin halitta yana ba da hoto mafi yawan jini, yana ba ka damar sanin kasancewar cutar, mataki da kuma tsananin. SD ba togiya.
Mabudin alamomi ga masu ciwon sukari:
- glucose. Matsakaicin darajar ya kai 6.1 mmol / l. Consideredimar da ke tsakanin 6.1-6.9 ana ɗauka ta haɓaka, kuma fiye da 7 mmol / L suna nuna ciwon sukari;
- glycated haemoglobin. Dangane da wannan alamar (matsakaicin darajar matakin glucose na kwana 90), an kiyasta matsayin diyyar cutar. Ana samun sakamako mai gamsarwa 7% kuma a ƙasa;
- triglycides. Increasearin haɓaka halayyar mutum ne don farawar nau'in insulin-dogara, kazalika da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 tare da kiba. Norm - har zuwa 1.7;
- lipoproteins. A cikin ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu, an rage matakin babban lipoproteins mai yawa, kuma low - akasin haka, yana ƙaruwa;
- insulin. Abunda ke cikin jini tare da ciwon sukari 1 an rage shi sosai. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, mai nuna alama ya ɗan ƙara girma ko yana a matakin al'ada;
- fructosamine. Za'a iya samun dabi'un al'ada tare da rama mai cutar siga. Idan cutar ta ci gaba, ana inganta matakan fructosamine.
Gwajin jini don sukari bayan cin abinci
Matsayi na glucose awa 2 bayan cin abinci a matakin 3.9 zuwa 8.1 mmol / L ana daukar shi al'ada. Mai nuna alamar 11.1 mmol / L ko sama da haka yana nuna yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar siga. Don tabbatarwa ko ɓata sakamakon, an rubutata bincike na biyu.
C peptide assay
C-peptide yanki ne mai aiki na insulin. Tsarin ya kasance daga 298 zuwa 1324 pm / L.
An tsara wannan bincike duka don gano cututtukan sukari da kuma lura da tasiri na matakan warkewa. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, alamu suna ƙaruwa, tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, akasin haka, an rage. Ana bayar da jini ga C-peptide a kan komai a ciki da safe.
Gwajin gwajin haƙuri
Wannan ɗayan dabarun kirkira ne wanda ke ba da damar gane wata cuta daga farkon haɓakar ta. Mai haƙuri yana ba da jini a kan komai a ciki. Sannan ya sha tsawon mintuna 10 daga 75 zuwa 100 na ruwa na glucose. Wannan yana biyo bayan samfurin jini don bincike bayan awa 0.5, 1, 1.5 da 2.
Nazarin Urinal
OAM yayi sallama da safe akan bakin ciki. Yawan sukari na cikin fitsari kada ya kasance.
Idan an gano glucose a cikin fitsari, wannan yana nuna ciwon sukari. Don samun sakamako na haƙiƙa, an tsara ƙarin nazarin fitsari yau da kullun.
Bai kamata a ɗauki shirye-shiryen diuretic a gabansa ba kuma akwai samfuran da ke lalata fitsari.
Glycated Hemoglobin
Wannan yana hade da haemoglobin da ke hade da glucose. Tare da karuwa a cikin sukari, ma'aunin GH kuma yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yana nuna haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari.
Nazarin Urinal
An wajabta shi don dalilai na kamuwa da cuta da kuma lura da tasirin magani wanda aka wajabta ga yara masu ciwon sukari. Maganin glucose na yau da kullun a cikin fitsari na yau da kullun bai wuce 1.6 mmol / rana ba.
Don gane ciwon sukari, an kuma gudanar da bincike kan maganin oxalates (sallan acid acid). Matsakaicin darajar tsakanin 20 da 60 mg / rana.
Ya kamata a tattara fitsari a kullun a cikin kwalba mai 3-lita, bushe da tsabta, ko a cikin akwati na musamman na lita 2.7, wanda aka sayar a cikin kantin magani. Ranar da za a gudanar da bincike, ba za ku iya shan Aspirin, diuretics ba, bitamin B. Ya kamata ku guji waɗannan samfuran kamar beets da karas, tunda suna lalata fitsari.
Sanya shi a cikin akwati ko, kafin a kai shi dakin gwaje-gwaje, zuba kashi 100 ml a cikin ƙaramin jirgin ruwa. Zai fi dacewa don tattara fitsari don bincike a cikin jariri ta amfani da urinal na musamman, wanda aka sayar a kantin magani.
Bambancin gano cutar sankarau a cikin yara
Nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na farko ya bayyana kansa tsakanin shekarun 6 watanni zuwa farkon matasa. Mafi sau da yawa, cutar ta sa ta fara halarta sosai.
Farkon cutar yawanci ana haɗuwa da alamomin ketoacidosis, raguwa mai nauyi a jikin mutum. Samun insulin yana tsayawa gaba ɗaya ko a ɓangare.
Hanya guda daya tak mai inganci don gyara wannan yanayin shine a dauki insulin wanda zai maye gurbin sa.
A cikin yara maza, nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 ya fi yawa. A CD-1 nuna irin waɗannan alamun:
- mai kullum jini na jini;
- raguwa mai nuna alama don C-peptide;
- low maida hankali ne insulin;
- kasancewar rigakafi.
Mitar nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 bai wuce 10% ba. Mafi yawan lokuta, farkon cutar ya fada cikin balaga.
Siffofin cutar ta nau'in na biyu:
- ci gaba a hankali;
- yawanci kiba ko kiba;
- babban ƙaruwa a cikin glucose da glycated haemoglobin;
- matakin C-peptide daidai ne ko sama;
- na yau da kullun ko haɓaka matakan insulin;
- babu rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic.
Yaya za a hana ci gaban cutar?
Babban mahimmanci a cikin rigakafin kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yara shine abincin da ya dace. Hakan yana da mahimmanci a kula da daidaituwar ruwan jikin.
Kafin kowane abinci (minti 30) kuna buƙatar sha gilashin ruwa (kada a rikita shi da shayi, kofi ko abin da ke cike da sukari).
Idan yaro ya wuce kima, kuna buƙatar kula sosai don rage yawan adadin kuzari. Ku ci sau da yawa, a cikin ƙananan rabo. Daban-daban nau'in kabeji, zucchini, albasa, tafarnuwa, radishes, 'ya'yan itatuwa mara miski suna cikin samfuran lafiya.
Za'a iya shirya jita-jita masu dadi daga gare su, ta yadda tare da kyakkyawan tsarin kula, abincin ba zai zama da alama ga yaron wani abu mai wuya ba. Measureaya daga cikin mahimman miƙewa shine aiki na jiki. Yana taimakawa kawar da yawan motsawar glucose a cikin jini da rage nauyin jiki .. Hadaddun rabin sa'o'in motsa jiki a rana daya isa sosai.
Kuna iya raba su cikin hanyoyin 3 minti goma.
Matsayi na uku na kariya shine kare yaro mai ciwon sukari daga yanayin damuwa da gogewa.Dakatar da yanayin tunanin wani mataki ne na rama cutar. Kuma, hakika, kar ku manta game da shawarwarin likita na yau da kullun.
Lokacin da akwai alamun alamun tsoro, likitan ilimin kimiya na endocrinologist zai taimaka wajen magance lamarin kuma ya gaya muku wani sabon shiri na aiwatarwa.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Game da alamun cututtukan sukari a cikin yara a cikin bidiyo:
