Ayyade sukari na jini a cikin jini: al'ada da kuma haifar da karkacewa

Lokacin gudanar da bincike daban-daban na samfuran jini da aka ɗauka daga mai haƙuri, ana amfani da hanyar auna abubuwan da ke cikin abu a cikin jini gaba ɗaya ko kuma maganin ta.

Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa muke buƙatar samfurori da yawa waɗanda aka ɗauka daga mai haƙuri tare da zargin cutar mellitus, ana buƙatar sanin yadda waɗannan abubuwan suka sha bamban, kuma menene ƙa'idar glucose ta jini.

Magani, jini da jini gaba daya: ma’anoni da bambance-bambance

Don amsa wannan tambaya, ya zama dole a taƙaice yin la’akari da abin da ya ƙunshi jinin ɗan adam.

Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa jini ba ruwa bane kawai. Abu ne na musamman da yake a cikin 'kwayar halittar ruwa' kuma ya qunshi, kamar sauran kyallen takarda, sel da wasu abubuwan sel da ke ciki.

Kwayoyin jini sune erythrocytes, farin jini da fararen hular da aka san kowa da kowa, daidai da alhakin abubuwan sufuri, tsarin garkuwar jiki da dakatar jini yayin raunuka.

Abinda ke shiga tsakanin jinin mutum shine ake kira plasma. Ya fi ruwa kashi 90%. Sauran - abubuwa masu narkewa cikin ruwa - duka kwayoyin halitta da rashin daidaituwa a yanayi, abinci mai gina jiki da kuma sharar sel.

Ilimin da aka cire sel wanda yayi kama da wani abu mai tsafta in an dauki jini a ciki. Idan an ɗauki kayan bayan cin abinci, plasma zai kasance mai girgije daga haɓaka abubuwan abubuwa da abubuwan da ke ciki.

Jinin jini na jini

Don samun jini na jini, ya isa ya tsaya a cikin bututun gwaji. Bayan haka, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar nauyi na halitta, sel jini za su zauna, kuma ana sanya plasma - ruwan intercellular - a saman.

Maganin jini shine ainihin, plasma iri ɗaya, amma aka shirya musamman. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa ruwan jini na intercellular a cikin babban adadin yana dauke da enzyme fibrinogen, wanda ke hulɗa tare da platelet.

Saboda wannan furotin, jini a cikin bututun gwajin yana coagulates da sauri, samar da suturar platelet-fibrin.

An adana whey ba tare da kariya ba don ya daɗe; ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da shi don ƙididdigar ƙididdiga da gwaje-gwaje na ƙira. Koyaya, don ƙayyadaddun ƙuduri na adadin glucose, WHO ta ba da shawarar yin amfani da magani, amma plasma.

Shin haɗuwa da sukari a cikin ƙwayar ɓarna da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙawa ya bambanta?

Akwai yaduwa kuma ta hanyoyi da yawa na hukunci na gaskiya game da mafi girman daidaito game da gwajin jini da aka ɗauka daga jijiya, dangane da gwajin yatsa.

Gaskiyar ita ce lokacin da ake zaɓar abu, yawanci ana yin sa daga yatsan yatsa, ana yin binciken ne da jini. Idan an dauki samfurin daga jijiya, to akwai banbancin da ke cikin sel, kuma ana yin binciken glucose akan sa.

Kuma irin wannan bincike koyaushe zai zama mafi daidaito kuma abin dogaro. A lokaci guda, wasu nazarin sun nuna - idan ya zama dole don ƙayyade matakin sukari a cikin jiki akan komai a ciki, bambanci tsakanin hanyoyin guda biyu kaɗan ne.

Tsarin daidaitaccen haƙuri na mai haƙuri don tarin kayan ya zama dole. Amma alamomin bayan da a cikin awanni biyu bayan cin abinci, da kuma gwaje-gwaje na musamman waɗanda ke buƙatar mai haƙuri ya dauki glucose syrup kafin, sun fi dacewa a cikin jini.

Koyaya, a aikace, yawanci yayi nesa da yanayin ingantaccen gwajin gwaje-gwaje, ya zama cewa hanya ta farko tana nuna sakamako wanda ba zai yiwu ba.

Kimanin bambanci tsakanin gwajin jini gaba daya da kuma hanyar tantance yawan sukarin plasma shine tsakanin 12%.

Teburin daidaitawa na glucose a cikin jini gaba daya da jini

Akwai teburin tallafi na musamman waɗanda ke ba ku damar sauƙi da aminci amintaccen sakamako. Tabbas, daidaituwa ɗari na bayanai ba a cikin tambaya ba, amma amincin ingantaccen alamun alamun glucose ba shi da wuya a buƙatar marasa lafiya.

Kuma ga likita mai halartar, yawanci ba shine keɓaɓɓen mai nuna alama wanda ya fi mahimmanci ba, amma canzawa - canji a cikin taro na sukari yayin maganin da aka tsara wa mai haƙuri.

Za a iya samo bayanan samfuri a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa:

Tabbas, abubuwa da yawa suna shafar rabo daga alamomi, waɗanda yawancinsu ba su yiwuwa a yi la’akari da su. Don haka, lokacin adana samfurori daga samfur zuwa bincike, zazzabi a cikin dakin, tsarkakar samfurori - wannan duka na iya haɓakawa da rashin rashin tabbas akan alamu da rabon su.

Azumtar glucose din plasma da shekaru

A baya, ba a rarrabu marasa lafiya zuwa kananan ƙungiyoyi na shekaru ba, kuma an saita matakan sukari iri ɗaya don kowane zamani - har zuwa 5.5 mmol.

Koyaya, a wannan lokacin, yawancin masana ilimin kimiyar halitta sun sake duba halayen su ga wannan matsalar.

Tabbas, tare da shekaru, har ma a cikin mutum mai ƙoshin lafiya, samar da dukkanin kwayoyin halittun, ciki har da insulin, yana rage gudu. Sabili da haka, ana inganta matakan tsufa na matakan sukari. An raba marasa lafiya zuwa yara biyu da kuma manya girma yanayin yanayin.

Na farkon su yara ne, tun daga lokacin da aka haife su har zuwa wata ɗaya. A wannan lokacin, ana ɗaukarsa al'ada ne idan an sa mai nuna alama a cikin kewayon 2.8-4.4 mmol. Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin darajar al'ada tsakanin duk nau'ikan marasa lafiya.
Rukuni na biyu - yara daga wata ɗaya zuwa shekara 14.

A wannan matakin a cikin ci gaban jikin mutum, matakan glucose a cikin yara suna cikin kewayon 3.3-5.6 mmol.

A wannan zamani ne mafi girman watsa kwatankwacin alamun alamun al'ada suka samu. A ƙarshe, daga shekaru 14 zuwa 60, ƙa'idar shine yawan sukari a cikin kewayon daga 4.1 zuwa 5.9 mmol. Manuniya na sukari a wannan lokacin sun dogara da jinsi, da kuma yanayin jikin mutum.

Marasa lafiya na tsofaffi rukuni da shekaru sun kasu kashi biyu sassa daban-daban bisa ga al'ada na sukari jini. Daga shekaru 60 zuwa ƙarni na casa'in, matakan sukari tsakanin 4.6 da 6.4 mmol ba a la'akari da cuta.

Kuma mutanen da suka girmi wannan zamanin suna iya jin daɗin al'ada kuma ba sa fuskantar tasirin tasirin glucose mai yawa a cikin adadin har zuwa 6.7 mmol.

Dalilai na karkatar da sakamakon bincike daga dabi'un

Ragewa daga alamomin da aka yarda da su ba koyaushe alama ce ta kowace cuta ba, amma lallai yana buƙatar hankalin kwararrun.

Don haka, matakan glucose mai ɗorewa na iya nuna ba wai kawai kasancewar cutar sankarar ƙwayar cutar sankara ba ce kawai ba, har ma da sauran cututtuka.

Musamman, rikice-rikice da yawa na tsarin endocrine: acromegaly, ciwo na Cushing, wasu siffofin thyrotoxicosis, glucomanoma, da pheochromocytoma - suna haifar da karuwa a cikin taro na glucose a cikin jini.

Haka kuma cutar alama ce ta kowane nau'in cututtukan pancreatitis, hemochromatosis, da yawa cututtuka na hanta da kodan a cikin yanayin na kullum. Ciki na zuciya, wanda ya shahara sosai da raguwa a cikin kwanciyar hankali na mahaifa, shima yana tare da haɓakar glucose.

Anaruwar sukari na iya faruwa ba tare da wani tsari na cuta a jiki ba. Don haka, damuwa, gajiya, da kuma aiki na jiki a wasu yanayi na iya ƙara yawan glucose na jini.

Rage ragin kuma na iya zama sanadiyyar ci gaban cututtuka. Don haka, mafi haɗarin su sune:

• oncology;
• maganin cututtukan farji;
• mai tsanani hanta.

Rage yawan shan gullu a cikin narkewar abinci da glycogenosis kuma zasu iya rage yawan sukarin. Yawancin shan barasa, yawan motsa jiki, wasanni masu motsa jiki suna haifar da sakamako iri ɗaya.

Hypoglycemia na iya zama da haɗari a sakamakon shan kashi da ba daidai ba na magungunan rage sukari, da insulin. A wasu halaye, wannan na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga mai haƙuri, saboda haka ya zama dole a bi ka'idodin ka'idodin kwantar da gwani wanda kwararrun likitoci suka tsara.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Game da matsayin ka'idodin glucose a cikin bidiyo:

Gabaɗaya, samun alamun glucose na jini shine mafi ƙididdirin bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje da ake samu har zuwa yau. Koyaya, don saka idanu na yanzu, yin amfani da gwaje-gwaje na jinin haila an barata ne sabili da sauki da ƙarancin rauni.