Acetone a cikin fitsari tare da ciwon sukari shine kira na farko na firgita game da haɓakar ketoacidosis - yanayin haɗari wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da lafiya na gaggawa. Don guje wa irin wannan mummunan sakamako, kowane mai ciwon sukari da danginsa ya kamata su san yadda ake kafa acetone a cikin jiki, yadda haɗari yake, da kuma waɗanne hanyoyi ake bi don magance matsalar.
Hanyar samar da acetone a cikin ciwon sukari
DM wata cuta ce mai tazarar haihuwa ta rashin lafiya, kuma yawan mace-mace daga rikice-rikicinta yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri a yau. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan mummunan sakamako shine ketoacidosis, wanda ke haɓaka ƙayyadaddun ƙwayoyin carbohydrate. Alamar halayyar mummunan yanayin shine abin da ya faru ga jikin ketone (don wanda ba a san shi ba - acetone) a cikin jinin masu fama da cutar fitsari.
Don fahimtar asalin da kuma aikin don samar da acetone, kuna buƙatar fahimtar hanyoyin nazarin halittu da ke faruwa a cikin jikin mutum. Babban tushen samar da makamashi yana shiga gabobin daga waje kuma aka samar dashi a jikin shi shine glucose. Cikakken haskaka shi yana yiwuwa tare da halartar insulin, wanda ke haifar da hanji. Tare da rashi ko ƙarancin ƙarfinsa, ƙwayar sukari ba ta cikawa, ƙwayoyin kuma suna cikin matsananciyar yunwa.
Alawaƙwalwar kwakwalwa game da raunin makamashi ba tare da glucose ba. Kuma kwayoyin suna kokarin sarrafa kitse da furotin ta hanyar toshe jikin ketone. An gabatar dasu a cikin tsari:
- Propanone;
- β-hydroxybutyrate;
- Acetoacetate.
Halin al'ada na ketones ga mutanen da ke da ƙoshin lafiya ya kai 0.5 mmol / l. Abubuwan da ke cikin sa mafi girma suna barazanar masu ciwon sukari tare da ketoacidosis, rikitarwa mai wahala lokacin da daidaituwa na acid da yanayin alkaline ya canza zuwa gefen acid. Idan ba asibiti cikin gaggawa ba, harin zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cutar sankarau da mutuwa.
Daga cikin sauran wuraren gabatarwa:
- Cutar zazzabi da ta dadewa da amai da gudawa.
- Cararancin abincin carb da azumi
- Cututtukan cututtuka na yanayin cutar tare da alamun rashin ruwa;
- Sinadaran guba da yawan zafi.
Idan ya keta hadarin metabolism, irin wannan yanayi tare da bincike ya bayyana a fuskoki guda biyu:
- Tare da hyperglycemia wanda ke haifar da rashi na insulin, lokacin da glucose da ba a kula da shi ba ya karye cikin kitsen tare da sunadarai da kuma acetone da ke fitowa, hanta ba zai iya yin amfani da shi ba. Bayan shawo kan shinge na koda, ketone jikin suna cikin fitsari.
- Tare da hypoglycemia, lokacin da matakin acetone ya tashi saboda raunin sukari ko yawan insulin. Idan babu tushen kuzari, jiki zai karba ta wata hanyar.
Bayyanar cututtuka na ketoacidosis da rarrabuwarta
Ingantaccen sukari da abun acetone a cikin gwaje gwaje suna lalata aikin gabobin jiki na yau da kullun. Cutar ta haɓaka fiye da kwana ɗaya, jin daɗin haƙuri na wahala a hankali, kuma yakamata a kimanta alamun ketoacidosis dangane da tsananin yanayin cutar: sassauƙa, matsakaici, mai rauni.
A matakin farko, bayanin kula:
- Rashin ƙarfi, raunin ƙarfi, asarar ƙarfin aiki, tabarbarewa cikin taro.
- Ryaura a cikin rami na baka, ƙishirwa na yau da kullun, tare da faffadar urination. A dare, waɗannan alamu ma sun fi bayyana.
Daga baya, bayyanar cututtuka ta dyspeptiy ta bayyana, kamshin halayyar acetone a cikin ciwon sukari ana kama shi daga bakin.
Tsarin tsakiya yana halin:
- Rage cikin karfin jini;
- Kodadde fata;
- Orarancin ɗalibi mai amsawa game da hasken haske;
- Rashin damuwa na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya;
- Abun jin daɗi na ciki a cikin rami na ciki, take hakkin ƙurajewar lalacewa, amai, da sauran cututtukan dyspeptik;
- Ragewar fitowar fitsari yau da kullun sai bushewa.
A cikin manyan lokuta, akwai gunaguni:
- M kashin baya;
- Canjin tsoka, gami da yadda yaran suka yi saurin sauka;
- Hankalin hanta yana kara;
- Jin numfashi, tare da amo;
- Matsayin acetone da glucose a cikin binciken ya wuce duk iyaka.
Idan ba a cire acetone cikin gaggawa a wannan matakin ba, wanda aka azabtar yana da tabbacin zai iya kamuwa da cutar kansa, da kuma yiwuwar mutuwa.
Hanyar ganewar asali
Menene haɗarin ketonuria? A cikin kanta, acetone a cikin binciken ba tukuna ba ne ya haifar da tsoro. Amma idan acidation na jiki ba a hana shi ba, acidity na haɓaka lokacin da ma'aunin ya kasance har zuwa 7.3, lokacin da ƙwaƙwalwar ba ta samun abinci mai kyau kuma yana “kashe” ƙwayoyin cuta.
Ba tare da kulawa mai zurfi da gyara pH ba, sakamakon zai iya zama mummunan abu.
Kafin haɓaka tsarin aikin jiyya, wajibi ne a tabbatar da ainihin abubuwan jikin ketone a cikin fitsari da jini. Ana iya yin irin wannan gwajin a gida, idan kun sayi tsaran gwajin "Acetontest", "Ketonstiks", "Uriket." Ana amfani da irin wannan rarar gwajin ta dakin gwaje-gwaje. Sauki da kuma isa ga hanya za su taimaka wajen ƙayyade buƙatar binciken likita.
Ta yaya masu ciwon sukari ke kawar da acetone
Yaya za a kawar da bayyanar cututtuka na ketoacidosis idan ƙwayar cuta ta shawo kan ayyukan ta na samar da cikakken insulin na hormone? Babban maganin da za a yiwa mutane da ke fama da yunwar zai zama allurar insulin. Likita zai zaɓi sashi da tsari na yau da kullun don la'akari da bayanan ƙididdigar da matakin cutar. Kowane kashi na hormone (yana iya zama dole don ƙara yawan abin da aka saba) zai saturate sel waɗanda ke fama da yunwa tare da carbon, acetone kuma a ƙarshe zai bar ruwa mai rayuwa.
Bugu da ƙari, an wajabta mai haƙuri don:
- Mayar da daidaiton yanayin acid da alkaline;
- Yin rigakafin cututtuka;
- Rehydration;
- Kawar da hypokalemia.
Wasu lokuta ana ɗaukar enterosorbents ƙari: Smecta, Polysorb, Polyphepan, har ma da allurar ciki na 0.9% NaCl maganin don dawo da ma'aunin electrolyte. Sanadin cutar yawanci raunin danshi ne, yana da kyau a ƙara yawan ruwan da ake cinyewa.
Idan mara lafiyar ya sami damar fita daga cutarwar, don hana komawar baya, yana buƙatar sake nazarin dabi'unsa gabaɗaya.
Lokacin da ketonuria za'a iya la'akari da al'ada
A yau, likitoci suna da tarin zaɓuɓɓuka na kwayoyi don kawar da hyperglycemia da hana acidosis. Babban halin da ake ciki don biyan diyya na sukari shine daidaitaccen abinci.
A yau, babu yarjejeniya tsakanin masana ilimin ilimin halitta game da abin da abinci ne mafi kyau ga masu ciwon sukari: tare da adadin kuzari da kuma wariyar kowane nau'in abinci tare da carbohydrates ko abinci na gargajiya wanda ke hana sukari mai sauri sosai.
A farkon lamari, glycemia yana ƙanƙantar da kullun kuma jiki dole ne ya samar da makamashi daga mai mai karewa, yayin da yake samar da acetone. Tare da wannan dabarar, ketonuria shine al'ada, kuma alamar ba ta buƙatar kulawa da aikin likita.
Matakan hanawa
Shin ketones koyaushe yana da haɗari? Ana iya yin rikodin bayyanar su a rayuwar yau da kullun, kuma wannan shine sakamakon sakamakon canje-canje na rayuwa na yau da kullun.
Janar shawarwari na endocrinologist:
- Haɗin insulin na yau da kullun da ƙididdigar gurasa;
- Yarda da abinci mai-carb;
- Gudanar da mummunan halaye;
- Motsa jiki na yau da kullun;
- Binciken likita na kan lokaci.
Idan duk yanayin ya cika kuma an samu biyan kuɗin da zai biya na sukari, mai ciwon sukari zai iya rayuwa fiye da waɗanda ba su da irin waɗannan manyan matsalolin a wannan lokacin, amma suna ɗaukar lafiyar su da sauƙi.
