Lokacin da sukace “sukari a jiki” ana nufin tattarawar glucose ne a cikin ruwan kwayar halitta (jini). Rukunin 5.5 na sukari - wannan al'ada ce, wannan darajar yana ɗauka azaman iyakar ƙimar ƙa'idar aiki. Limitarancin iyaka shine raka'a 3.3.
Sugar ga mutum shine irin wannan abu, ba tare da wanda jiki ba zaiyi aiki cikakke. Hanya guda daya da zaka shiga jikin mutum ita ce tare da abincin da mutum yake ci.
Glucose yana cikin tsarin kewaya ta hanta da hanjin ciki, a gefe guda, jini na jijiya yana dauke da sukari a duk jiki, daga yatsun kafa zuwa kwakwalwa.
Don haka, bari mu bincika menene alamun sukari da ake la'akari da al'ada yayin da aka kamu da ciwon sukari da kuma cutar sankarau? Sannan kuma gano yadda babban sukari yake cutar da jikin mutum?
Babban bayani game da al'ada
Manuniya na yau da kullun na haɗuwar glucose a cikin jiki an san shi ga aikin likita na dogon lokaci. Kuma an gano su a farkon farkon karni na 20, lokacin da aka bincika dubban mutane masu lafiya da masu ciwon sukari.
Magana daga bangaren hukuma, ga lafiyayyen mutum dabi'un alamun sukari sun sha bamban, kuma ya danganta da shekaru, amma ga mutanen da ke dauke da cutar sankara, dabi'ar halatta, bi da bi, shima daban ne.
Duk da irin wannan bambance-bambancen, ana bada shawara ga kowane mai ciwon sukari ya nemi cimma alamun nuna lafiyar mutum. Me yasa haka? A zahiri, a cikin jikin mutum dangane da asalin sukari a cikin raka'a 6.0, rikice-rikice sun riga sun haɓaka.
Haƙiƙa, aiwatar da ci gaban rikice-rikice yana da matuƙar jinkiri, kuma ba lallai bane a gano shi. Amma gaskiyar cewa shi mai wuya ne. Kuma tunda ka'idojin sunada yawa ga masu ciwon sukari, to yiwuwar su na haifar da mummunan sakamako yana ƙaruwa kwata-kwata.
Dangane da irin wannan bayanin, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa idan mai haƙuri yana son ware yiwuwar rikice-rikice a nan gaba, yakamata ya yi ƙoƙari don alamu na yau da kullun a rayuwarsa, yayin da yake kiyaye su a matakin da ake buƙata.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ga lafiyayyen mutum da mai ciwon sukari akwai ƙa'idodin sukari, sabili da haka, muna yin la’akari da kwatanta dabi’u:
- A cikin mutum mai lafiya, yanayin sukari na jini kada ya wuce raka'a 5.5, kuma ga mai ciwon sukari, bambancin al'ada shine daga raka'a 5.0 zuwa 7.2.
- Bayan nauyin sukari, lafiyayyen mutum yana da jigon sukari wanda yakai raka'a 7.8, kuma mai ciwon sukari yakamata ya kasance raka'a 10.
- Glycated haemoglobin a cikin mutum mai lafiya ya kai kashi 5.4%, kuma a cikin mara lafiyar da ke fama da ciwon sukari a kasa da 7%.
Showsabi'a tana nuna cewa halayen hukuma na sukari na jini ga masu ciwon suga suna daɗaɗa gaske. Me yasa daidai, amsa tambayar ba zai yiwu ba.
Amma tare da nazarin sukari, ya wajaba don yin ƙoƙari don ƙimar maƙasudin akalla raka'a 6.0 bayan cin abinci da kan komai a ciki.
Kuma wannan ƙimar tana yiwuwa a cimma idan ka ci abinci mara nauyi.
Fasali na nazarin glucose
Yawan jini, musamman ƙarami mai nuna alama, ana ganin shi a cikin mutane akan komai a ciki, shine, kafin cin abinci. Bayan cin abinci a cikin wani lokaci, sai aka saukar da tsarin rage abinci, a yayin da abubuwan gina jiki da suka zo tare da shi suka bayyana a jinin mutum.
A wannan batun, akwai karuwa a cikin sukari na jini. Lokacin da mutum yake da cikakkiyar lafiya, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jikinsa da sauran hanyoyin rayuwa a cikin jiki suna aiki kullum, to, sukari yakan tashi kaɗan, kuma wannan ƙaruwa yana ɗaukar ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Jikin ɗan adam da kansa yana sarrafa taro na glucose. Idan sukari ya tashi bayan cin abinci, pancreas yana karɓar siginar cewa kuna buƙatar rarraba adadin abin da ake buƙata na insulin na hormone, wanda hakan yana taimaka wa sukari ya sha a matakin salula.
A cikin yanayin da akwai karancin hormone (nau'in cutar sukari na farko) ko insulin "yana aiki mara kyau" (nau'in ciwon sukari na 2), sannan karuwar sukari bayan cin abinci an tsaida shi na sa'o'i 2 ko fiye.
Kuma wannan haƙiƙa yana da lahani, tunda akwai ƙarin kaya a kan jijiyoyi, ƙodan, tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, da kwakwalwa. Kuma mafi haɗari shi ne yanayin "ingantacce" don ci gaban kwatsam na bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.
Yi la'akari da gwajin sukari na jini:
- Yin nazarin glucose a cikin komai a ciki: ana bada shawarar wannan bincike da safe har gobe, ya zama dole mara lafiyar bai ci akalla awanni 10 kafin shi ba.
- Gwajin ciwon sikila. Theididdigar binciken binciken ya ta'allaka ne cewa mai haƙuri yana ɗaukar ƙwayar ƙwayar halittar ɗan adam a cikin komai a ciki, bayan haka sai suka ba shi mafita a inda akwai adadin glucose. Bayan sun sake yin jini bayan awa daya da biyu.
- Nazarin glycated haemoglobin ya bayyana a matsayin hanya ce mai tasiri wanda zai baka damar sarrafa mellitus na ciwon sukari, maganin sa, sannan kuma yana ba ka damar gano nau'in ciwon sukari na latti, yanayin ciwon suga. Ba a yin irin wannan binciken lokacin haihuwar ɗa.
Ana iya amfani da jerin tare da “gwajin glucose sa'o'i biyu bayan abincin." Wannan muhimmin bincike ne wanda yawanci marasa lafiya ke yin su a gida. Yana ba ku damar gano ko an zaɓi kashi na hormone daidai kafin abinci.
Gwajin ciki fanko ne mara kyau zabi don gano cutar "zaki".
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don ɓo ko tabbatar da ganewar shine bincike akan haemoglobin glycated.
Yaya ake sarrafa glucose na jini?
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, jikin mutum tsari ne mai sarrafa kansa wanda ke ba da kai tsaye yana tallafawa cikakken aikin dukkanin gabobin ciki da tsarin, yana sarrafa sukari, hawan jini da sauran mahimman tsari.
Idan komai na al'ada ne, to jiki koyaushe zai tsayar da sukari na jini a cikin iyakokin da ake buƙata, wato, daga raka'a 3.3 zuwa 5.5. Da yake magana game da waɗannan alamun, ana iya jayayya cewa waɗannan halaye ne masu kyau don cikakken aikin kowane mutum.
Marasa lafiya tare da masu ciwon sukari sun san cewa yana yiwuwa a yi rayuwa ta yau da kullun koda da ƙimomin girman glucose a cikin jiki. Koyaya, idan babu alamun cutar, wannan ba ya nufin cewa komai yayi kyau.
Babban sukari a cikin jiki, wanda aka lura na dogon lokaci, yana yiwuwa 100% zai iya haifar da ci gaba da rikice-rikice masu ciwon sukari. Sau da yawa ana samun irin wannan rikice-rikice a cikin ciwon sukari na type 2 da nau'in 1:
- Rashin gani.
- Matsalar koda.
- Rashin hankali na ƙananan ƙarshen.
Masu ciwon sukari za su iya samun sukarin jini kawai, har ma da hypoglycemic state, wato, raguwar yawan glucose a jiki. Kuma gabaɗaya, irin wannan lalacewar cututtukan cuta bala'i ne ga jikin mutum.
Kwakwalwa ba ta son sa yayin da babu ƙarancin sukari a cikin tsarin kewaya. Dangane da wannan, yanayin hypoglycemic halin yana bayyanar da irin wannan alamu: juyayi, karuwar bugun zuciya, yunwar kullun, tashin hankali mara dalili.
Lokacin da sukari ya rage ƙasa da raka'a 2.2, mai haƙuri na iya faɗuwa cikin rashin lafiya, idan kuma ba a ɗauki wani lokaci ba, to, akwai yiwuwar sakamako mai ƙaran gaske ya bayyana sosai.
Bayyanar cututtuka da cutarwa na babban sukari
A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, sanadin karuwar yawan glucose a jikin mutum shine ciwon sukari. Koyaya, an rarrabe wani ilimin etiology, wanda zai haifar da yanayin hyperglycemic - ɗaukar wasu magunguna, cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan jiki, yawan motsa jiki, da sauransu.
A cikin duniyar yau, akwai manyan jerin magunguna waɗanda ke haifar da haɓaka sukari na jini a matsayin sakamako masu illa. Sabili da haka, idan akwai wani yanayi na haɓaka sukari, ko tarihin ciwon sukari, lokacin da ake rubuta sabon magani don magance cututtukan haɗaka, tasirin sa a cikin glucose yakamata a la'akari da shi.
Yana faruwa sau da yawa cewa mai haƙuri yana da mummunan matsayi na yanayin hyperglycemic, abubuwan da ke cikin sukari ya fi girma fiye da na al'ada, amma baya jin komai kuma baya ganin canje-canje a yanayinsa.
Hoto na asibiti na gama gari na babban sukari:
- M sha'awar sha, bushe baki.
- Yawancin urination da yawa, gami da daddare.
- Dry fata wanda it it nigbagbogbo.
- Rashin gani na gani (kwari, kwari a gaban idanun).
- Gajiya, sha'awar bacci koyaushe.
- Lalacewa ga fata (rauni, ƙyallen) ba ya warke na dogon lokaci.
- Pathologies na fungal da na cuta, wuya a bi da tare da magani.
Idan ba ku ɗauki matakan da nufin rage haɗuwa da sukari a cikin jini ba, to, yana haifar da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari da na kullum. Cutar rikice-rikice ta haɗa da ƙwayar cuta, har ma da ci gaban ketoacidosis.
Idan mai haƙuri yana da karuwa a cikin glucose, to, ganuwar tasoshin jini sun karye, sun sami taurin ƙaiƙayi. A tsawon lokaci, aikinsu ya keta kashi 60 ko fiye, wanda ke haifar da mummunar lalacewa.
Wadannan rikice-rikice suna haifar da cututtukan zuciya, asarar hangen nesa a cikin ciwon sukari, cututtukan da ba za a iya canzawa ba a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen. Abin da ya sa garanti na cikakken rai da tsawon rai shine kula da ciwon sukari na yau da kullun .. Bidiyo a wannan labarin zai taimake ka koya game da ciwon sukari.
