Levemir Flexpen da Penfil - umarnin don amfani, analogues, sake dubawa

Levemir magani ne mai haɓaka da kwayar halitta wanda yake daidai yake a cikin tsarin sunadarai da aiki zuwa insulin ɗan adam. Wannan magani yana cikin rukunin insulin na ɗan adam mai aiki da dogon lokaci.

Levemir Flexpen ne na musamman game da alkalami na insulin tare da fesa. Godiya gareshi, ana iya gudanar da insulin daga rukunin 1 zuwa raka'a 60. Za'a iya samun daidaituwa na matsakaici a cikin ɓangare ɗaya.

A kan shelf na kantin magunguna zaka iya samun Levemir Penfill da Levemir Flekspen. Ta yaya suka banbanta da juna? Dukkanin abubuwan da aka tsara da kashi, hanyar gudanarwa iri daya ne. Bambanci tsakanin wakilan yana kan hanyar sakin. Levemir Penfill akwati ne mai maye gurbin wanda aka iya warware alkalami. Kuma Levemir Flekspen shine alkalami wanda za'a iya zubar dashi tare da haɗaɗɗun katako a ciki.

Abun ciki

Babban kayan aiki na miyagun ƙwayoyi shine insulin detemir. Wani insulin ne na ɗan adam wanda aka kera shi ta amfani da lambar ƙwayar halittar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Adadin abu mai aiki a cikin 1 ml na maganin shine 100 IU ko 14.2 mg. Haka kuma, 1 na insulin din sake insulin Levemir yayi daidai da na 1 yanki na insulin na mutum.

Componentsarin abubuwan da aka gyara suna da tasirin taimako. Kowane bangare yana da alhakin wasu ayyuka. Suna daidaita tsarin mafita, suna ba da alamun inganci na musamman ga miyagun ƙwayoyi, suna tsawaita lokacin ajiya da rayuwar rayuwa.

Hakanan, waɗannan abubuwa suna taimakawa ga daidaitawa da haɓaka magunguna da magunguna na babban aikin mai aiki: suna haɓaka bioavailability, ƙanshin nama, rage haɗarin furotin na jini, sarrafa metabolism da sauran hanyoyin kawar da kai.

An haɗa waɗannan ƙarin abubuwa a cikin maganin maganin:

• Glycerol - 16 MG;
• Metacresol - 2.06 mg;
• Acetate na zinc - 65,4 mcg;
• Phenol - 1.8 MG;
• Sodium chloride - 1.17 mg;
• Hydrochloric acid - q.s.;
• Hydrogen phosphate dihydrate - 0.89 mg;
• Ruwa don allura - har zuwa 1 ml.

Pharmacodynamics

Levemir insulin shine kwatancen insulin na ɗan adam tare da bayanan mai amfani, mai laushi. Ayyukan nau'in jinkirta yana faruwa ne sakamakon babban haɗin gwiwa mai tasiri na kwayoyin ƙwayoyi.

Sun kuma ɗaura ƙarin don sunadarai a yankin sarkar sashi. Duk wannan yana faruwa a wurin allura, saboda haka insulin detemir ya shiga cikin jini a hankali. Kuma ƙwayoyin da aka yi niyya suna karɓar kashi na wajibi daga baya dangane da wasu wakilan insulin. Wadannan hanyoyin aiwatarwa suna da tasirin aiki wajen rarraba magungunan, wanda ke samar da karin karbuwa da bayanin tsarin metabolism.

Matsakaicin da aka ba da shawarar 0.2-0.4 U / kg ya kai rabin ƙarfin tasiri bayan sa'o'i 3. A wasu halayen, ana iya jinkirta wannan lokacin har zuwa awanni 14.

A dangane da pharmacodynamics da pharmacokinetics na magungunan Levemir, za a iya gudanar da aikin insulin na asali sau 1-2 a rana. Matsakaicin tsawon lokacin aiki shine awowi 24.

Pharmacokinetics

A miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kai yaduwa a cikin jini bayan 6-8 hours bayan gudanarwa. Ana samun yawan kulawa da magunguna ta hanyar gudanarwa sau biyu kowace rana kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali bayan allura 3. Ba kamar sauran insulin na basal ba, bambancin ɗaukar abu da rarrabawa yana da ƙarfi ya dogara da sifofin mutum ɗaya. Hakanan, babu wani dogaro ga jinsi da jinsi.

Bincike ya nuna cewa insulin Levemir a zahiri ba ya daure wa garkuwar jiki, kuma mafi yawan magungunan suna yaduwa cikin jini (yawan maida hankali ne a cikin matsakaicin warkewar cutar ya kai 0.1 l / kg). Metabolized insulin a cikin hanta tare da cirewar metabolites marasa aiki.

Rabin-rayuwa an yanke shi ne ta dogara da lokacin da aka shiga cikin tsarin jini bayan gudanar da aikin karkashin kasa. Kimanin rabin rayuwar abin dogaro shine 6-7 awanni.

Manuniya da contraindications

Raarfin magunguna don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi shine kasancewar rashin haƙuri na mutum zuwa babban abu mai aiki da abubuwan taimako. Hakanan, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa tana cikin ƙananan yara a cikin shekaru 2 saboda ƙarancin karatun asibiti a wannan rukuni na marasa lafiya.

Umarnin don amfani

Ana daukar Levemir insulin da ya daɗe yana aiki sau 1 sau 2 a rana kamar yadda ake amfani da maganin ƙoshin lafiya na bolus. Haka kuma, ɗayan allurai shine mafi kyawun sarrafawa a maraice kafin lokacin kwanciya ko a lokacin abincin dare. Wannan sake yana hana yiwuwar rashin lafiyar dare.

An zabi allurai ta hanyar likita daban-daban ga kowane mara lafiya. Sashi da mita na gudanarwa ya dogara da aikin mutum, ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki, matakin glucose, tsananin cutar da kuma tsarin kulawa da marasa lafiya na yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, ba za a iya zaɓar magani na asali ba sau ɗaya. Duk wata juyawa a cikin abubuwan da aka ambata a sama ya kamata a sanar da likita, kuma ya kamata a sake yin amfani da maganin yau da kullun.

Hakanan, maganin ƙwayar cuta yana canzawa tare da haɓakar kowane cuta mai haɗari ko buƙatar shigar da maganin tiyata.

Ana iya amfani da Levemir azaman maganin monotherapy, kuma haɗe tare da gabatar da gajeren insulins ko magungunan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na baka. Akwai cikakken magani, mafi yawan lokutan karbar shine 1 lokaci. Ainihin kashin shine raka'a 10 ko 0.1 - 0.2 raka'a / kg.

Lokaci na gudanarwa a lokacin ranar yana ƙaddara ne ga mai haƙuri da kansa, kamar yadda ya dace da shi. Amma kowace rana kuna buƙatar allurar miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokaci guda.

Levemir ana gudanar dashi ne kawai a ƙarƙashin. Sauran hanyoyi na gudanarwa na iya haifar da rikice rikice a cikin nau'in tsananin rashin ƙarfi. Ba za a iya gudanar da shi ta cikin ciki ba kuma ya kamata a guji sarrafa intramuscular. Ba za a iya amfani da magani a cikin famfunan insulin ba.

Levemir Flekspen yana taimaka wa daidai shigar da miyagun ƙwayoyi cikin kitsen mai cikin ƙasa. Tun da tsawon allura yana yin girman musamman. Ya kamata a gabatar da kowane allura a cikin sabon wuri don guje wa ci gaban lipodystrophy. Idan an gabatar da maganin a cikin yanki na yanki daya, to ba za ku iya yin allurar rigakafin a wuri guda ba.

Yankin da aka ba da shawara don gudanar da subcutaneous:

1. Hip
2. Hanya
3. Buttocks
4. Bango na ciki;
5. Yankin ƙwayar tsoka.

Amfani da Levemir da yakamata

Kafin siyan samfurin, dole ne ka tabbatar da amincin katun kuma pistin na roba. Abubuwan da ke bayyane daga cikin pistin ba dole ba ne ya wuce babban ɓangaren layin saka lambar farin. In ba haka ba, wannan zai zama lokaci ne don dawo da kaya zuwa ga mai siyarwa.

Kafin allurar, kana buƙatar bincika Levemir Flekspen kuma ka tabbata cewa yana aiki, shirya alkairin sirinji don aiki:

1. Dubi robar roba;
2. Duba amincin katako;
3. Duba sunan maganin kuma ka tabbata cewa an zaɓi nau'in insulin da ya dace;
4. Kowane lokaci, yi amfani da sabon allura don gudanar da wani abu don hana kamuwa da rauni.

Ba za a iya amfani da abin hannun ba tare da:

• Idan karewa ko daskarewa na miyagun ƙwayoyi;
• Take hakkin mutuncin katun ko aikin riƙe hannun;
• Idan mafita ta juye daga bayyananniya zuwa gajimare;
• Kowane rashin haƙuri ga abubuwan da aka gyara;
• Tare da karancin jini.

Bayan amfani da katun, ba za ku iya caji da insulin ba. Hakanan, azaman matakan kiyayewa, yakamata a sawa tsarin kulawar kayan maye don a guji asarar magunguna saboda mummunan aiki a cikin babban tsarin. A cikin cakuda jiyya tare da insulins da yawa, ya wajaba kowannensu ya kasance da keɓaɓɓen tsarin don ware kayan hada abubuwa masu aiki.

Matakan-mataki-mataki don Levemir Flekspen

Dole ne a kula da allurar tare da kulawa ta musamman kuma dole ne a dauki kulawa don kar a lanƙwasa ko maras kyau. Guji sanya ƙyallen ciki na allura. Wannan zai tsoratar da karin tsarin.

1. Cire tip na musamman daga alkairin sirinji;
2. Leauki allurar da za a iya cirewa kuma a cire fim ɗin kariya daga allura ta dunƙule ta a allon alkairin;
3. Alluhun yana da babban filaccin kariya wanda dole ne a cire shi kuma a adana shi;
4. Sannan cire cire murfin ciki na ciki daga allura, wanda ya kamata a zubar dashi;
5. Duba yawan shan insulin. Wannan hanya ce ta wajibi, tun da sau da yawa koda ingantaccen amfani da makulli baya rabuwa da kumburin iska. Don kada ya shiga cikin kitse na subcutaneous, kuna buƙatar saita lamba 2 KUDI ta amfani da zaɓin sashi;
6. Juya sirinji don in allura ya yi sama. Matsa a kan kadin tare da yatsanka yadda duk kumburin iska ya tattara cikin ɗaya babba a gaban allura;
7. Ci gaba da riƙe riƙe a wannan matsayi, kuna buƙatar danna maɓallin farawa gaba ɗaya har sai mai zaɓin kashi ya nuna 0 PIECES. A yadda aka saba, digo na bayani ya kamata ya bayyana akan allura. In ba haka ba, idan wannan bai faru ba, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar sabon allura kuma maimaita matakan da ke sama. Yawan yin ƙoƙari kada ya wuce sau 6. Idan duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba, to, almarin sirinji kuskure ne kuma ana iya zubar dashi;
8. Yanzu kuna buƙatar saita kashi na warkewa mai mahimmanci. A wannan yanayin, dole ne mai zaɓe dole nuna 0. Sannan muna saita sashin da ake so ta amfani da mai zaɓa. Zai iya juya ta kowane bangare. Yayin tsari, yana da mahimmanci don kula da mai zaɓe sosai don kada ku buga maɓallin farawa da gangan kuma ku zubar da insulin da aka buga. Amfanin Levemir Flexpen alkalami ma ya ta'allaka ne da cewa ba shi yiwuwa a saita kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi fiye da ainihin kasancewar raka'a insulin a cikin katun;
9. Saka allura a ƙarƙashin fata ta amfani da dabarar da aka saba. Bayan an saka allura cikin mai mai ƙyalli, kuna buƙatar danna maɓallin farawa har sai ya daina. Kuma adana shi a wannan matsayin har sai alamar manuniya ta nuna 0. Idan ka latsa ko juya mai zaɓe yayin gudanarwa, ƙwayar za ta kasance a alƙalami, don haka kuna buƙatar saka idanu a hankali da yatsunsu;
10. Dole ne a ja allurar tare da yanayin kamar yadda aka saka shi. Ana danna maɓallin farawa duk wannan lokacin don cikakken fita daga ajalin da aka ƙayyade;
11. Yin amfani da babban abin buɗewa, cire allura kuma zubar dashi ba tare da cire shi ba.

Karku ajiye allurar sirinji tare da allura, saboda wannan abu ne mai yawa wanda ya lalace daga ruwan sha da ɓarnar samfurin. A hankali sosai kuna buƙatar adanawa da tsaftace maɓallin sirinji. Duk wani girgiza ko faduwa zai iya lalata katako.

Side effects

Effectsayyadaddun sakamako masu illa daga amfani da insulin Levemir na dogon lokaci suna faruwa a cikin kusan kashi 12% na marasa lafiya. Rabin shari'ar dukkan abubuwanda za'a iya amsawa suna dauke da su ne ta hanyar hypoglycemia.

Hakanan, ana amfani da tsarin kulawa da ƙananan ƙwayoyi ta hanyar sakamako masu illa na gida. An fi bayyana su sau da yawa tare da gabatarwar insulin na sakewa idan aka kwatanta da na mutum. Zasu iya bayyana azaman azaba na gida, redness, busa, kumburi, itching, da kumburi.

Abubuwan da suka shafi yawanci lokaci ne na lokaci kuma sun dogara ne akan halayen mutum na haƙuri. Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako na gefen hanya ya kamata su ɓace a cikin 'yan makonni tare da dogon jiyya.

Daga cikin takamaiman halayen halayen, zazzagewa da nakasassuwar yanayin ana iya lura dasu. Wani haɓaka da yanayin shine yanayin haɓakawa daga asalin yanayin rikicewar rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari: m zafi neuropathy da ciwon sukari retinopathy. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon fara sarrafa glycemic da kuma ci gaba da kiyaye matakan glucose na yau da kullun.

Rashin ƙayyadaddun halayen marasa daidaituwa sun haɗa da halayen alamomin yawancin magunguna. Dukansu ɗaiɗaikun yanayi ne kuma sun dogara ne da halayen gangar jikin mutum ga ɗumbin abubuwan aiki da ƙarin abubuwan gaba ɗaya.

Wadannan sun hada da:

• Rashin daidaituwa na tsarin juyayi: ƙarancin ƙafafun hannu, paresthesia, ƙara yawan jin zafi, tashin hankali na neuropathy, farfadowa da gani;
• Matsaloli tare da metabolism na metabolism: hypoglycemia;
• Ayyukan amsawar rigakafi: itching, matsakaici na amsawar halayen jijiyoyi, tashin zuciya, tashin zuciya, tashin zuciya, tashin hankali, tashin hankali, rashin lafiyar tsoka;
• Sauran: cututtukan mahaifa, lipodystrophy.

Yawan damuwa

Cikakken kashi wanda zai haifar da hoton halayen asibiti ba ya wanzu. Tunda ya dogara da tsananin yanayin mai haƙuri, dogaro da insulin da ingantaccen abinci mai haƙuri na mai haƙuri.

Misalai na yau da kullun don cututtukan hypoglycemia:

• Bakin bushewa;
• Matattu;
• Dizziness
• Gumi mai ɗumi;
• Liesan kwari a gaban idanun;
• Tinnitus;
• Ciwon ciki
• Ilimi mai haske na digiri dabam dabam.

Dangane da tsawon lokaci na maganin ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar cuta yana faruwa sauƙaƙe, mafi yawan lokuta cikin dare ko da yamma.

Tare da hypoglycemia mai laushi, mai haƙuri zai iya jimamin matsalar. Don yin wannan, ɗauki maganin glucose, sukari ko wasu samfuri masu wadataccen carbohydrates a cikin. Saboda ƙarancin sarrafawa game da tsarin, ana ba da shawarar mutanen da ke ɗauke da cutar sukari na nau'in insulin-dogara da su don ɗaukar macizan tare da su.

Idan yanayin yana da tsanani kuma yana haɗuwa da girgijewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, yana da gaggawa don fara maganin ƙwayoyi. Don taimakon farko, ya zama dole a gabatar da insulin antagonist - glucagon a cikin girman 0,5 - 1 mg intramuscularly ko subcutaneously.

Idan irin wannan ƙwayar ba ta kusa ba, zaku iya shiga da wuri-wuri sauran magungunan hormonal - antagonists na halitta. A saboda wannan, ana iya amfani da glucocorticosteroids, catecholamines, homoniya masu tayar da hankali ko ci gaban hormone.

A matsayin tallafi na tallafawa da detoxification, ya zama dole a fara narkewar daskarar jini (glucose). Bayan al'ada na tsinkaye, ɗauki abinci mai wadataccen abinci a cikin sauri da jinkirin carbohydrates.

Sharuɗɗan da yanayin ajiya

Adana miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin firiji a zazzabi na 2-8. Wurin kada ya kasance kusa da injin daskarewa. An contraindicated zuwa daskare da miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Ana ajiye akwatunan buɗe ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya kamar alkalami da za'a iya zubar dashi. Ba lallai ne a sanyaya su ko sanyaya su ba. Akwatin da aka yi amfani dashi ko alkalami ya kamata a ajiye shi a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri 30. Matsakaicin rayuwar shiryayye shine makonni 6 daga ranar da aka buɗe.

Wajibi ne don adana miyagun ƙwayoyi a wuri mai duhu, ana kiyaye shi daga hasken rana da hasken wuce haddi. Idan ba zai yuwu a tabbatar da irin wannan yanayi ba, a ajiye a cikin murfin kariya wanda aka sayo insulin ɗin.

Mafi kyawun rayuwar shiryayye na miyagun ƙwayoyi shine shekaru 2.5. Bayan ranar karewa wanda aka nuna akan kunshin, an haramta amfani da shi.

Analogs

Levemir Flexpen da Penfil masana'antar Novo Nordisk ne, kamfanin kera magunguna a Denmark. A cikin Rasha, farashin kicin da alkalami kusan iri ɗaya ne kuma ya bambanta tsakanin 1900 - 3100 rubles. Matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin kantin magunguna a Rasha shine 2660 rubles.

Levemir ba shine kadai kamfanin wakilcin insulin ma'adinai mai daukar dogon lokaci ba. Akwai analogues na miyagun ƙwayoyi, amma a cikin ƙasar ba su da yawa:

1. Lantus;
2. Lantus Optiset;
3. Lantus Solostar;
4. Aylar;
5. Monodar ultralong;
6. Tozheo Solostar;
7. Tresiba Flextach.

Duk wani wakili yana da nasa fa'ida da rashin amfanin sa. Zabi na miyagun ƙwayoyi koyaushe ya kasance tare da mai haƙuri da likita, tun da dalilai da yawa suna shafar wannan shawarar.

Nasiha