Liraglutide shine ɗayan sababbin magunguna waɗanda ke rage karfin sukari jini cikin tasoshin tare da ciwon sukari. Magungunan suna da sakamako mai yawa: yana haɓaka samar da insulin, yana hana haɗarin glucagon, rage ci, kuma yana rage jinkirin glucose daga abinci. Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, an yarda da Liraglutide a matsayin wata hanya don rasa nauyi a cikin marasa lafiya ba tare da ciwon sukari ba, amma tare da kiba mai yawa. Binciken waɗanda ke asarar nauyi yana nuna cewa sabon maganin zai iya samun sakamako mai ban sha'awa ga mutanen da suka riga sun rasa begen nauyi na yau da kullun. Da yake magana game da Liraglutida, mutum ba zai iya kasa faɗar da gazawarsa ba: babban farashi, rashin iya ɗaukar allunan a cikin tsari na yau da kullun, ƙwarewar amfani sosai.
Tsarin da abun da ke ciki na miyagun ƙwayoyi
A cikin hanjin mu, ana samar da kwayoyin halittun ciki, daga cikinsu glucagon-like peptide GLP-1 suna taka rawa wajen tabbatar da sukarin jini na yau da kullun. Liraglutide wani abu ne wanda aka kera shi ana GLP-1. Tsarin da jerin amino acid a cikin kwayar Lyraglutide maimaita 97% na peptide na zahiri.
Saboda wannan kamanceceniya, lokacin da ya shiga cikin jini, abu ya fara aiki kamar hormone na halitta: a cikin martani ga haɓakar sukari, yana hana ƙaddamar da glucagon kuma yana kunna aikin insulin. Idan sukari na al'ada ne, to dakatar da aikin na liraglutide, sabili da haka, hypoglycemia baya barazanar masu ciwon sukari. Effectsarin tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi sune hana samar da hydrochloric acid, raunana motsin ciki, hana yunwar. Wannan tasiri na liraglutide akan ciki da tsarin juyayi yana ba da damar amfani dashi don magance kiba.
GLP-1 na halitta yana fashewa da sauri. A cikin mintuna 2 bayan fitowar, rabin peptide ya zauna cikin jini. GLP-1 na wucin gadi yana cikin jiki ya daɗe, aƙalla a rana.
Liraglutide ba za a iya ɗauka ta baki a cikin kwamfutar hannu ba, tunda cikin narkewar abu zai rasa aikinsa. Sabili da haka, ana samun magani a cikin hanyar warwarewa tare da maida hankali kan ƙwayar abu mai nauyin 6 mg / ml. Don sauƙaƙan amfani, an sanya katako na mafita a allon alkalami. Tare da taimakonsu, zaka iya zaɓi kashi da ake so kuma a yi allura har ma a inda bai dace da wannan ba.
Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce
- Normalization na sukari -95%
- Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
- Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya -90%
- Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
- Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare -97%
Alamar kasuwanci
Liraglutid ya fito ne daga kamfanin Danish din NovoNordisk. A karkashin sunan kasuwanci Viktoza, an sayar da shi a cikin Turai da Amurka tun daga 2009, a Rasha tun 2010. A cikin shekarar 2015, an amince da Liraglutide a matsayin magani don magance kiba mai yawa. Magungunan da aka ba da shawarar don asarar nauyi sun sha bamban, don haka aka fara sakin kayan aiki daga masana'anta a ƙarƙashin sunan daban - Saxenda. Viktoza da Saksenda sune analogues mai canzawa; suna da abu guda mai aiki da kuma maida hankali ga mafita. Abun da tsofaffi ke ɗaukar su iri ɗaya ne: sodium hydrogen phosphate, propylene glycol, phenol.
Victoza
A cikin kunshin da miyagun ƙwayoyi akwai almarar sirinji 2, kowane yana da 18 mg na liraglutide. An shawarci masu ciwon sukari da suyi amfani da abin da bai wuce 1.8 MG kowace rana ba. Matsakaicin gwargwado don rama don ciwon sukari a cikin mafi yawan marasa lafiya shine 1.2 mg. Idan kun dauki wannan kashi, fakitin Victoza ya isa har wata 1. Farashin marufi kusan 9500 rubles.
Saxenda
Don asarar nauyi, ana buƙatar karin allurai na liraglutide fiye da na sukari na al'ada. Yawancin hanya, koyarwar ta ba da shawarar shan 3 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi kowace rana. A cikin kunshin Saksenda akwai nau'ikan sirinji 5 na 18 MG na kayan mai aiki a cikin kowane, jimlar 90 mg na Liragludide - daidai don karatun wata daya. Matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin kantin magunguna shine 25,700 rubles. Kudin jiyya tare da Saksenda ya ɗan ɗan fi girma fiye da takwaransa: 1 MG na Lyraglutide a Saksend farashin 286 rubles, a Viktoz - 264 rubles.
Yaya Liraglutid yake aiki?
Ciwon sukari mellitus yana halin polymorbidity. Wannan yana nufin cewa kowane mai ciwon sukari yana da cututtukan cututtukan daji da yawa waɗanda ke da sananniyar hanyar - cuta ta rayuwa. Yawancin lokaci ana gano marasa lafiya da hauhawar jini, atherosclerosis, cututtukan hormonal, fiye da 80% na marasa lafiya masu kiba. Tare da babban matakin insulin, rasa nauyi abu ne mai wahala sosai saboda yawan jin yunwar. Masu ciwon sukari suna buƙatar ƙarfin ƙarfafawa don bin abinci mai ƙanƙan da keɓaɓɓu, mai karancin kalori. Liraglutide yana taimakawa ba kawai rage sukari ba, amma har da shawo kan sha'awar alamomi.
Sakamakon shan maganin bisa ga bincike:
- Matsakaicin raguwa a cikin glycated haemoglobin a cikin masu ciwon sukari shan 1.2 mg na Lyraglutide kowace rana shine 1.5%. Ta hanyar wannan nunawa, miyagun ƙwayoyi sun fi dacewa ba kawai ga abubuwan samo asali ba, har ma da sitagliptin (Allunan Janavia). Yin amfani da liraglutide kawai zai iya rama ciwon sukari a cikin 56% na marasa lafiya. Tabletsarin allunan juriya na insulin (Metformin) yana ƙara haɓaka tasiri na jiyya.
- Yin azumi na saukad da fiye da 2 mmol / L.
- Magungunan yana inganta nauyi asara. Bayan shekara ta gudanarwa, nauyin a cikin 60% na marasa lafiya yana raguwa da sama da 5%, a cikin 31% - by 10%. Idan marasa lafiya suka bi abinci, asarar nauyi ya fi hakan yawa. Rage nauyi shine mafi mahimmanci don rage yawan ƙwayar visceral, ana lura da kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin kugu.
- Liraglutide yana rage juriya ga insulin, saboda wanda glucose ya fara barin jiragen ruwa da sauri, buƙatar insulin ya ragu.
- Magungunan yana kunna cibiyar satitowa wanda yake a cikin nucleot na hypothalamus, ta haka yana dakatar da jin yunwar. Saboda wannan, adadin kuzari na abinci na yau da kullum yana raguwa da kimanin 200 kcal.
- Liraglutide dan kadan yana rinjayar matsin lamba: a matsakaici, yana raguwa da 2-6 mm Hg. Masana kimiyya sun danganta wannan sakamako ga ingantaccen tasirin magani akan aikin ganuwar tasoshin jini.
- Magungunan suna da kaddarorin cardioprotective, yana da tasirin gaske akan lipids na jini, rage ƙwaƙwalwar cholesterol da triglycerides.
A cewar likitocin, Liraglutid ya fi tasiri a farkon matakan ciwon sukari. Kyakkyawan alƙawura: mai ciwon sukari mai ɗaukar allunan Metformin a babban matakin, yana jagoranci rayuwa mai aiki, bin tsarin abinci. Idan ba a rama cutar ba, ana amfani da maganin sulfonylurea bisa ga al'ada ta magani, wanda babu makawa yana haifar da ci gaba da ciwon sukari. Sauya waɗannan allunan tare da Liraglutide yana hana mummunar tasiri a cikin ƙwayoyin beta, kuma yana hana ɓarnatarwar cututtukan fata ta hanji. Tsarin insulin baya raguwa akan lokaci, tasirin magungunan ya kasance koyaushe, ƙara yawan kashi ba a buƙata.
Lokacin da aka nada
Dangane da umarnin, an wajabta Liraglutid don warware waɗannan ayyukan:
- diyya na cutar kansa. Za'a iya ɗaukar magani a lokaci guda tare da allurar insulin da allunan jini a cikin azuzuwan biguanides, glitazones, sulfonylureas. Dangane da shawarwarin kasa da kasa, ana amfani da Ligalutid don ciwon sukari azaman magani na layi biyu. Matsayi na farko ana ci gaba da riƙe su ta hanyar Allformin Allunan. Liraglutide a matsayin magani kawai an wajabta shi kawai tare da rashin haƙuri ga Metformin. Dole ne a inganta aikin jiyya ta hanyar motsa jiki da abinci mai ƙarancin carb;
- rage hadarin bugun jini da bugun zuciya a cikin masu ciwon suga da cututtukan zuciya. An tsara Liraglutide azaman ƙarin magani, ana iya haɗe shi tare da statins;
- don gyaran kiba a cikin marasa lafiya ba tare da ciwon sukari ba tare da BMI sama da 30;
- don asarar nauyi a cikin marasa lafiya tare da BMI sama da 27, idan an gano su da cutar aƙalla guda ɗaya da ke da alaƙa da raunin ƙwayar cuta.
Sakamakon liraglutide akan nauyi ya bambanta sosai a cikin marasa lafiya. Yin hukunci da sake dubawa game da rasa nauyi, wasu sun rasa dubun kilo, yayin da wasu suna da sakamako mafi ƙanƙanci, a cikin 5 kilogiram. Kimanta tasiri na Saksenda da aka ɗauka bisa ga sakamakon maganin 4-wata. Idan a wannan lokacin kasa da 4% na nauyi ya ɓace, asarar nauyi mai tsayayye a cikin wannan mara haƙuri shine mafi yawan lokuta ba zai faru ba, an dakatar da maganin.
Matsakaicin adadi don asarar nauyi bisa ga sakamakon gwaji na shekara ana ba su cikin umarnin don amfani da Saksenda:
| Nazari A'a. | Bangaren Marasa lafiya | Matsakaicin nauyi asara,% | |
| Liraglutide | placebo | ||
| 1 | Obese. | 8 | 2,6 |
| 2 | Tare da kiba da ciwon sukari. | 5,9 | 2 |
| 3 | Obese da Apnea. | 5,7 | 1,6 |
| 4 | Tare da kiba, aƙalla 5% na nauyin ya ragu da kansa kafin shan Liraglutide. | 6,3 | 0,2 |
Bayar da allura da kuma yadda farashin magungunan ke kashewa, irin wannan asarar nauyi ba da kwalliya ba ce. Lyraglutidu da tasirinsa na yau da kullun a cikin narkewa ba ya daɗa karɓuwa.
Side effects
Yawancin sakamako masu illa suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da tsarin maganin. Sakamakon raguwar narkewar abinci a cikin farkon makonni na jiyya tare da Lyraglutide, tasirin gastrointestinal mara kyau yana bayyana: maƙarƙashiya, zawo, haɓakar gas, belching, zafi saboda bloating, tashin zuciya. Dangane da sake dubawa, kwata na marasa lafiya suna jin tashin zuciya na dabam. Samun walwala yawanci yakan inganta tsawon lokaci. Bayan watanni shida na cin abinci na yau da kullun, kawai 2% na marasa lafiya suna koka da tashin zuciya.
Don rage waɗannan sakamako masu illa, ana ba jiki lokacin don amfani da Liraglutid: ana fara jiyya tare da 0.6 MG, sannu a hankali ana ƙara yawan zuwa mafi kyau. Rashin lafiya ba ya cutar da yanayin ingantattun abubuwa na narkewa. A cikin cututtukan kumburi na hanji, gastrointestinal tract, an hana gudanar da liraglutide.
Cutarwa sakamako masu illa na miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka bayyana a cikin umarnin don amfani:
| Abubuwan Bala'i | Mitar abin da ya faru,% |
| Kwayar cutar kansa | kasa da 1 |
| Cutarwar ƙwayar jiki zuwa abubuwan da ake amfani da maganin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta | kasa da 0.1 |
| Fasawa azaman amsawa don rage rage shan ruwa daga narkewa da kuma rage ci | kasa da 1 |
| Rashin damuwa | 1-10 |
| Hypoglycemia tare da haɗarin liraglutide tare da allunan sulfonylurea da insulin | 1-10 |
| Rashin hankali, ɗanɗano, a cikin farkon watanni 3 na jiyya | 1-10 |
| M tachycardia | kasa da 1 |
| Cholecystitis | kasa da 1 |
| Cutar gallstone | 1-10 |
| Paarancin aiki na haya | kasa da 0.1 |
A cikin marasa lafiya da cutar ta thyroid, an lura da mummunan sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi akan wannan sashin. Yanzu Liraglutid yana sake yin wani gwaji don ware haɗin shan miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da ciwon daji na thyroid. Hakanan ana yin nazarin yiwuwar yin amfani da liraglutide a cikin yara.
Sashi
Ana gudanar da makon farko na liraglutide a kashi 0.6 mg. Idan magani yana da kyau jure, bayan sati daya da kashi biyu. Idan sakamako masu illa sun faru, suna ci gaba da allura 0.6 MG na ɗan lokaci har sai sun ji daɗi.
Matsakaicin yawan karuwar sashi shine 0.6 MG a mako. A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, mafi kyawun sashi shine 1.2 MG, matsakaicin - 1.8 MG. Lokacin amfani da Liraglutide daga kiba, ana daidaita nauyin zuwa 3 MG cikin 5 makonni. A cikin wannan adadin, Lyraglutide yana allurar watanni 4-12.
Yadda ake yin allura
Dangane da umarnin, ana yin allurar subcutaneously cikin ciki, sashin waje na cinya, da na sama hannu. Za'a iya canza wurin allurar ba tare da rage tasirin maganin ba. Lyraglutide yana allura a lokaci guda. Idan aka rasa lokacin gudanarwar, to za a iya yin allura a cikin awanni 12. Idan da yawa sun wuce, to ba'a rasa wannan allurar ba.
Liraglutide sanye take da allurar sirinji, wacce ta dace da amfani. Ana iya saita sashin da ake so kawai akan mai samin kayan haɗin ciki.
Yadda ake yin allura:
- cire fim mai kariya daga allura;
- cire hula daga rike;
- sanya allura a makulli ta hanyar jujjuya shi a kowane lokaci;
- cire hula daga allura;
- juya ƙafafun (zaku iya bi da biyun) na zaɓin sashi a ƙarshen riƙe zuwa matsayin da ake so (za a nuna kashi a cikin taga taga);
- saka allura a karkashin fata, rikewar a tsaye yake;
- danna maɓallin ka riƙe ta har 0 ta bayyana a cikin taga;
- cire allura.
Analogs na Liraglutida
Amintaccen kariya ga Liraglutide ya ƙare a cikin 2022, har zuwa wannan lokacin bai cancanci bayyanar fitowar analogues mai sauƙi a Rasha ba. A halin yanzu, kamfanin na Isra'ila Teva yana ƙoƙarin yin rajistar magani tare da kayan aiki guda, wanda fasaharsa ta samar. Koyaya, NovoNordisk yana tsayayya da bayyanar sihiri. Kamfanin ya ce tsarin samar da tsari yana da matukar rikitarwa wanda ba zai yiwu a iya samar da daidaito tsakanin analogues ba. Wannan shine, yana iya juya ya zama magani tare da ingantaccen tasiri na gaba ɗaya ko gaba ɗaya tare da rashin mahimman kaddarorin.
