Rushewar insulin: alamu da taimakon farko

Daga cikin rikicewar cututtukan ciwon sukari, mafi haɗari shine girgiza insulin. Wannan yanayin yana tasowa tare da yawan yawan insulin na shirye-shiryen insulin ko kuma yawan sakin insulin na cikin jini. Irin wannan girgizar tana da haɗari sosai. Sakamakon farawar hypoglycemia, mai haƙuri na iya lura da tsananin yanayinsa kuma baya ɗaukar wasu matakan ɗaga sukari na jini. Idan ba a kawar da girgizar kai tsaye ba bayan faruwar lamarin, yanayin masu ciwon suga ya lalace kwarai da gaske: ya yi asarar hankali, cutar rashin lafiya ta haila.

Menene insulin shock

Halin insulin na hormone, wanda aka samar a cikin tsibirin na pancreas, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin metabolism na metabolism. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, ƙwaƙwalwar wannan hormone yana dakatarwa gaba ɗaya, tare da tsawan nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, raunin insulin mai zurfi na iya faruwa. A cikin abubuwan biyu, an wajabta mai haƙuri don allurar rigakafin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙwaƙwalwa. Ana yin lissafin kashi na insulin daban don kowane allura, yayin da yawan glucose daga abinci dole ne a la'akari da shi.

Bayan gabatarwar miyagun ƙwayoyi, glucose daga jini ya shiga cikin kyallen da ake amfani da insulin: tsokoki, mai, da hanta. Idan mai ciwon sukari ya ba wa kansa magani mai yawa fiye da yadda ake buƙata, matakin glucose na jini ya ragu sosai, ƙwaƙwalwa da kashin baya za su rasa babban tushen ƙarfinsu, sai cuta mai haɓakawa ta haɓaka, wanda galibi ana kiranta girgiza insulin. Yawanci, wannan rikitarwa yana tasowa lokacin da sukari ya sauka zuwa 2.8 mmol / L ko ƙasa. Idan yawan abin sama da ya kamata yayi yawa kuma sukari ya sauka da sauri, alamun girgiza yana iya farawa kamar mm mm / mm / mm.

A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, girgiza insulin na iya faruwa a cikin mutanen da basa amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin. A wannan yanayin, sanadin wuce haddi a cikin jini na iya zama insulinoma - tumo wanda ke da ikon samarda insulin da kansa kuma ya jefa shi cikin jini cikin adadi mai yawa.

Alamomin farko da alamun cutar

Rushewar insulin a cikin matakai 2, kowannensu yana da alamomin kansa:

Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce

• Normalization na sukari -95%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya -90%
• Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare -97%

Idan an kawar da hypoglycemia a matakin juyayi, alamomin ciyayi sun shuɗe, yanayin mai haƙuri ya inganta da sauri. Wannan matakin gajere ne, ana sauya farin ciki ne da sauri ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba, da ƙarancin sani. A mataki na biyu, mai ciwon sukari bashi iya taimakon kansa, koda kuwa yana da hankali.

Idan sukari na jini ya ci gaba da raguwa, mai haƙuri ya faɗi cikin wawa: ya zama yayi shuru, ya motsa kaɗan, baya amsawa wasu. Idan ba a kawar da girgizawar insulin ba, mutum ya yi asarar rai, ya faɗi cikin farin jini, sannan ya mutu.

A mafi yawancin lokuta, ana iya hana gigin insulin nan da nan bayan bayyanar alamun ta farko. Wani banbanci shine marasa lafiya da ke da tsawon shekaru na mellitus na ciwon sukari, waɗanda sau da yawa suna fama da hypoglycemia mai sauƙi. A wannan yanayin, ana aiki da tsarin tsarin juyayi, an saki fitowar kwayoyin ba da amsa ga karancin sukari. Kwayar cutar dake nuna alamar hauhawar jini yana bayyana latti, kuma mai haƙuri ba shi da lokaci don ɗaukar matakan ƙara yawan sukari. Idan ciwon sukari yana da rikitarwa jijiya, mai haƙuri na iya rasa hankali ba tare da alamun farko ba.

Taimako na Farko ga Kwayar Insulin

Babban burin kawar da girgiza insulin shine daidaita matakan glucose. Ka'idodin kulawa da gaggawa a matakin farko, lokacin da masu ciwon sukari ke sane:

1. Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari da kansu za su iya kawar da ɗimin zafin jiki, kawai gurasar gurasa 1 na carbohydrates ya isa ga wannan: Sweets, ma'aurata guda biyu, rabin gilashin ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
2. Idan aka bayyana alamun hypoglycemia, yanayin yana barazanar haɓaka cikin rawar jiki kuma ga wa, mai ciwon sukari ya kamata a ba da 2 carbohydrate mai sauri. Wannan adadin yana daidai da kopin shayi tare da cokali 4 na sukari, tablespoon na zuma, gilashin ruwan 'ya'yan itace ko soda mai zaki (tabbata a duba cewa ana yin abin sha ne a madadin sukari, ba madadinsa ba). A cikin matsanancin yanayi, Sweets ko kawai guda na sukari zai yi. Da zarar yanayin ya daidaita, kuna buƙatar cin carbohydrates, wanda aka fi tunawa da hankali, adadin da aka ba da shawarar shine 1 XE (alal misali, burodin daidaitaccen abinci).
3. Tare da babban yawan yawan zubar da insulin, hypoglycemia na iya komawa akai-akai, saboda haka, mintina 15 bayan daidaita yanayin, yakamata a auna sukarin jini. Idan yana ƙasa da al'ada (4.1), ƙwayoyin carbohydrates masu sauri suna ba da mai ciwon sukari, da sauransu, har sai glycemia ta daina fadowa. Idan akwai fiye da biyu irin wannan faduwar, ko yanayin haƙuri yana da rauni duk da sukari na al'ada, ya kamata a kira motar asibiti.

Dokokin taimakon farko idan mai ciwon sukari ya sane:

1. Kira motar asibiti
2. Sanya mara lafiya a gefen sa. Idan ka lura da bakin ciki, idan ya cancanta, ka tsabtace shi daga abinci ko amai.
3. A wannan yanayin, mutum ba zai iya hadiye shi ba, don haka ba zai iya zuba abin sha ba, ya sanya sukari a bakinsa. Kuna iya shafa mai da gams da mucous membranes a cikin bakin tare da ruwan zuma ko wani gel na musamman tare da glucose (HypoFree, Dextro4, da sauransu).
4. Gabatar da glucagon intramuscularly. Tare da ciwon sukari mai dogaro da insulin, ana bada shawarar wannan maganin koyaushe tare da ku. Kuna iya gane shi ta hanyar fensir filastik a cikin ja ko ruwan lemo. Kunshin kayan tallafin jini na hypoglycemia ya ƙunshi daskararren abu a cikin sirinji da foda a cikin kwali. Don shirya glucagon don amfani, ana narkar da ruwa daga sirinji a cikin murfin, gauraye da kyau, sannan a jawo shi cikin sirinji. Ana yin allura a cikin kowane tsoka, don manya da matasa ana yin maganin ne cikakke, ga yara - rabin sirinji. Kara karantawa game da Glucagon.

Sakamakon waɗannan ayyuka, ƙwaƙwalwar mai haƙuri ya kamata ya dawo cikin mintina 15. Idan wannan bai faru ba, kwararrun motar asibiti waɗanda suka isa za su jagoranci glucose a cikin jijiya. Yawanci, 80-100 ml na 20-40% bayani ya isa don inganta yanayin. Idan hypoglycemia ya dawo, mara lafiya bai sake murmurewa ba, rikice-rikice ya hau kan wani bangare na zuciya ko gabobin numfashi, kuma an kai shi asibiti.

Yadda za a hana sake dawowa

Don hana sake sake firgita insulin, masana ilimin kimiya na endocrinologists suna bada shawara:

• yi ƙoƙarin gano abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin jiki don yin la'akari da kurakuranku da kuka yi lokacin yin lissafin adadin insulin, lokacin shirya menu da ayyukan jiki;
• a kowane hali kada ku tsallake abinci bayan insulin, kada ku rage girman sashi, kada ku maye gurbin abincin carbohydrate tare da furotin;
• kar a ci barasa a cikin ciwon sukari. A cikin halin maye, tsalle-tsalle a cikin glycemia mai yiwuwa ne, haɗarin mafi girma na ƙididdigar da ba daidai ba ko gudanar da insulin - game da barasa da ciwon sukari;
• wani lokaci bayan girgiza, fiye da yadda aka saba, auna sukari, tashi sau da yawa cikin dare da kuma awanni na safe;
• daidaita dabarar allura. Tabbatar da cewa insulin samun a karkashin fata, ba tsoka ba. Don yin wannan, zaku buƙaci maye gurbin allura tare da gajere. Kar a shafa, ɗumi, ƙashi, ko tausa wurin allurar;
• a hankali kula da glycemia yayin ƙoƙari, ba kawai jiki ba amma har da motsin rai;
• shirya ciki. A cikin farkon watanni, buƙatar insulin na iya raguwa;
• lokacin sauya sheka daga insulin na mutum zuwa analogues, zabi sashi na basal shiri da duk coefficients domin kirga gajeren insulin kuma;
• Kada ku fara shan magunguna ba tare da tuntuɓar likita na endocrinologist ba. Wasu daga cikinsu (magunguna don rage matsin lamba, tetracycline, asfirin, sulfonamides, da sauransu) suna haɓaka aikin insulin;
• koyaushe ɗaukar carbohydrates mai sauri da glucagon;
• sanar da dangi, abokai, abokan aiki game da cututtukan ku, san su da alamun girgiza, koyar da ka'idojin taimako;
• sanye da munduwa na ciwon sukari, saka kati tare da maganin cutar ku da magunguna masu izini a cikin fasfonku ko walat ɗinku.