Bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiyar hyperglycemic coma da taimakon farko

Muhimmin karkacewa a cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da jini ya shafi ci gaban mutane. Anaruwar matakan glucose zuwa dabi'unsa masu muni abune mai haɗari - rashin daidaituwa ta rikice rikicewar jini. Kwarewa sannu a hankali yana bushewa, jiki ya daina tallafawa mahimman ayyukan yau da kullun - zagayawa cikin jini da numfashi.

Rashin narkewar motsa jiki a cikin sukari yana sa yiwuwar rashin warin jini ya fi yadda yake cikin mutane masu lafiya.

Hyperglycemia shine mafi yawan shaida na rashin ingancin magani ga wannan cuta. Coma saboda yawan sukari na iya faruwa a kowane zamani, amma ya fi haɗari ga tsofaffi da yara. A cikin waɗannan marasa lafiya, har ma nasarar cinyewa daga gudawa na iya shafar rayuwa ta gaba, haifar da lalata abubuwa da yawa na gabobin, gami da kwakwalwa.

Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce

• Normalization na sukari -95%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya -90%
• Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare -97%

Dalilin ci gaban rikitarwa

Babban dalilin cutar rashin lafiyar cuta shine rashi karancin insulin. Sakamakon karancinsa, rikicewar glucose daga jini ta hanyar kyallen takarda ta tarwatse, aikinta a hanta ya girma. Sugar yana tarawa a cikin jini, ana tsabtace kodan kuma suna ƙoƙarin cire shi daga jiki a cikin fitsari, amma sun kasa yin haƙuri da yawa. Haɓakar sukari yana haɗuwa tare da rikice-rikice na rayuwa da yawa, a cikin mayar da martani ga matsananciyar yunwar, farawar mai ta fara, don wannan hormones - catecholamines, STH, glucocorticoids an saki su a cikin adadi mai yawa.

A sakamakon haka, yana fara samar da jikin ketone daga mai. A yadda aka saba, ya kamata a canza su a cikin hanta su zama mai kitse, amma saboda kurakurai a cikin metabolism, sun fara tarawa cikin jini kuma suna haifar da maye. Bugu da kari, ketoacidosis, tarin jikin ketone, yana kara yawan zubar jini, wanda hakan yana kara rushewar sunadarai da kyallen takarda, tsokani rashin ruwa da kuma asarar electrolytes.

Rashin insulin na wucin gadi na iya faruwa saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

1. Rashin ciwon sukari na 1 na farko ba tare da tantancewar lokaci ba.
2. Gudun kan insulin insulin tare da wani nau'in-insulin-wata cuta na cutar, shirye-shiryen insulin na karya.
3. Nau'in cututtukan siga na 2 na matakai masu tsauri ba tare da magani da rage cin abinci ba.
4. Errors kurakurai masu mahimmanci a cikin abincin don ciwon sukari - amfani da lokaci ɗaya na adadin carbohydrates mai sauri - sun kasance game da carbohydrates mai sauƙi da rikitarwa.
5. M damuwa, cututtuka, bugun jini ko bugun zuciya.
6. Cutar ciki da abinci da aka gurbata, da kwayoyi.
7. Ciki a cikin ciwon sukari ba tare da gyaran magani da aka tanada ba.

Wadanne matakai ake rarrabe su

Mafi sau da yawa, haɓakar ƙwayar cutar hyperglycemic na ɗaukar kwanaki da yawa, ko ma makonni, amma a lokuta mafi wuya, wannan yanayin na iya faruwa a cikin 'yan sa'o'i. Ba tare da la’akari da yawan hauhawar hauhawar jini ba, tashin hankali na mutum yayin tashin zuciya, wasu matakai sun shude:

1. Somnolence (precoma jihar). A wannan matakin, mai haƙuri ya dagula dukkan alamun cutar sankara: ana fitar da fitsari sosai, akwai ƙishirwa da ƙoshin fata a koda yaushe. Sakamakon farawar maye, ciwon ciki da tashin zuciya na faruwa. Mai ciwon sukari yana jin rauni, bacci. Zai iya yin bacci a wani wuri na daban, amma idan kun farka, zai iya amsa tambayoyin kullun kuma yayi aiki yadda yakamata.
2. Sopor (coma farawa). Poisonarfin guba na jiki yana ƙaruwa, amai yana faruwa, jin zafi a cikin narkewa. Mafi sau da yawa, ƙanshi na acetone ana iya ganin shi a cikin iska mai ƙyalli. Hankali a hankali yana hanawa: koda majinyaci ya kula da farkawa, ba zai iya amsawa ga halin da ake ciki ba, da sauri ya sake yin barci. Yayinda kwayar tayi girma, kawai damar bude idanuwa zata kasance, ragi ya zama mara karfi.
3. Cikakken coma - A yanayin da asarar sani. Fatar mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari mellitus ta bushe, ta tsawanta na ragewa, leɓenta suna rufe da mayuka. Reflex din ba ya nan, numfashin yana ci gaba na wani lokaci.

Alamomin farawar cutar sikari

Daga bayyanar wadannan alamu zuwa canjin yanayin tashin hankali zuwa mataki na gaba, yawanci aƙalla aƙalla kwana ɗaya ke gudana, amma saboda halayen mutum, ƙwarewar hankali na iya faruwa da sauri. Sabili da haka, a farkon tuhuma game da farawar hyperglycemic coma buƙatar kiran motar asibitimaimakon ƙoƙarin shawo kan wannan yanayin a kan nasu kuma, ƙari, ba ƙoƙarin zuwa wurin likitanci yayin tuki motar ku.

Taimako na farko don maganin cutar rashin motsa jiki

Ba za a iya ba da taimako na farko na ingantaccen ƙwayar cuta a gida ba kawai idan mai haƙuri yana sane, kuma yana tare da shi glucometer da sirinji tare da insulin. Lokacin da alamun gargaɗi suka bayyana, an ƙaddara taro yawan jini. Idan ya fi 15 mmol / l, ana amfani da "dokar raka'a takwas" - ana gudanar da insulin cikin sauri 8 raka'a fiye da yadda aka saba.

Asingara yawan suturar ko allurar insulin akai-akai cikin awanni 2 masu zuwa ba zai yuwu ba, don kar a tsokane raguwar sukari. Idan ba'a gyara glycemia ta wannan hanyar ba, dole ne a kira motar asibiti.

Farawa daga matakin precoma, duk masu haƙuri a cikin yanayin rashin lafiya suna buƙatar asibiti. Ayyukan waɗanda ke kewaye yayin da likitoci ke jira shine rage ƙananan tasirin rashin lafiya.

Algorithm na Taimako Na Farko:

1. Tabbatar da wadataccen isashshen oxygen: fitar da riguna na waje, daɗaɗɗen ɗamara da bel, buɗe taga a cikin ɗaki.
2. Ka sa mara lafiya a gefan sa, duba in da harshe ya rufe hanyoyin. Idan akwai haƙori, cire su.
3. Idan za ta yiwu, dumama mai haƙuri a cikin coma.
4. Idan mai haƙuri yana sane, ka sha shi. Kada ku yi amfani da abin sha mai sa maye.
5. Saka idanu yawan zuciya da numfashi. A wani zango, goyi bayan rayuwa ta wucin gadi har zuwa shigowar likitoci.

Jiyya

Dangane da rikice-rikice da ke faruwa a cikin jiki, ƙwayar cuta na hyperglycemic shine yawanci ana rarraba shi zuwa ketoacidotic (tare da tara acetone) da nau'in rarer: hyperosmolar (tare da tsawan rashin ruwa) da lactic acidotic (tare da motsi mai mahimmanci a cikin acidity na jini). Yin jiyya na kowane nau'in ƙwayar cuta na ciki ya haɗa da gyaran sukari na jini tare da taimakon ilimin insulin da maido da daidaituwa-gishirin ruwa a jiki.

Da farko, ana gudanar da insulin mai saurin ci gaba a cikin ƙananan allurai, bayan rage girman sukari zuwa 16 mmol / l, ana ƙara magunguna masu yawa, kuma a farkon damar an tura mai haƙuri zuwa tsarin kulawa na yau da kullun don maganin ciwon sukari mellitus. Bayan kawar da hyperglycemia, ana gudanar da glucose a cikin adadi kaɗan ga mai haƙuri don tabbatar da bukatun makamashi. Da zaran ya fara cin abinci da kan shi, an watsar da masu dattako.

Ana amfani da irin wannan dabara wajen magance rashin ruwa a jiki: da farko, ana amfani da ruwan gishiri da potassium a cikin jini a cikin adadi mai yawa, sannan kuma suna iya sarrafa ko mai haƙuri ya yi amfani da isasshen ruwa. Mafarin Acetone yana raguwa yayin da fitowar fitsari ke farawa.

Yawancin lokaci ana dawo da acidity na jini da kansa yayin da ake gyara abubuwan da ke cikin jini. Wasu lokuta wajibi ne don rage acidity da karfi, sannan ana amfani da ruwan juye tare da sodium bicarbonate don wannan.

Daga cikin matakan gaggawa, gano asali da kuma lura da cututtukan da suka haifar da cutar sankara (hyperglycemic coma) an kuma ba da alama. Yawancin lokaci ana aiwatar dasu lokaci guda tare da kawar da cin zarafi a cikin jini.

Abin da rikice-rikice na iya tasowa

A matsayinka na mulkin, ganewar asali da kuma isar da marassa lafiya zuwa ga asibiti nan da nan suna taimakawa don magance rikice rikice. Marasa lafiya na matasa da na tsakiya na murmurewa da sauri kuma suna iya rayuwa mai kyau.

Idan ba a aiwatar da maganin cutar hauhawar cututtukan zuciya a cikin lokaci ba, kuma mara lafiya ya tara tarin matsaloli da yawa na ciwon suga da sauran cututtuka yayin rayuwarsa, tsinkayen ba haka bane. Yana iya haɓakar edema, ƙwaƙwalwar jini na iya faruwa, da kuma aiki gabobin. Dogon lokaci cikin coma yana da haɗari tare da cutar huhu da sauran cututtukan fata masu haɗari.

Bayan barin kwaro, wasu marasa lafiya dole ne su sake koyan magana da motsawa da kansu, za su iya fuskantar rikice-rikice na kwakwalwa, matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da iyawar hankali.

Tabbatar da bincika labarinmu akan lactic acidosis - yana nan.

Yadda za a hana wani

A mafi yawan lokuta, zaku iya hana mutum idan kuna da alhakin lafiyar ku:

1. Bi duk umarnin likita, bi takamaiman abinci - rage cin abinci don cututtukan sukari na 2.
2. Idan sukari yayi daidai da na al'ada, tuntuɓi likitan ilimin endocrinologist don daidaita adadin ƙwayoyi.
3. Ziyarci likit ku a duk lokacin da wani lamari ya taso wanda zai iya tayar da jijiyoyi: cututtukan hoto masu haɗari, ƙwayoyin cuta, raunin da ya faru.
4. Don koya wa dangi su gargaɗi likitoci koyaushe game da ciwon sukari a cikin yanayi inda mai haƙuri da kansa ba zai iya yin wannan ba.
5. Koyaushe ɗauka a waya tare da lambobin sadarwa na dangi mai sanar.
6. Sami katin da zai nuna nau'in ciwon sukari, maganin da aka yi amfani dashi da cututtukan cututtukan. Ajiye shi a aljihun nono ko kusa da wayarka.
7. Kada kuyi fatan zaku iya shawo kan matsalar rashin lafiyan. Kira motar asibiti idan sukari yayin daidaitaccen aikin likita ya wuce 13-15 mmol / L kuma alamun bayyanar maye sun bayyana.

Fasali na rashin lafiyar yara a cikin yara

Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sikari na yara a cikin yara shine bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan sukari da kurakurai na abinci saboda isasshen iko da manya. Yaron ba zai iya cikakken fahimtar girman rashin lafiyar sa ba da kuma sakamakon da zai iya biyo baya, saboda haka, yana iya wuce gona da iri tare da Sweets yayin da iyayen sa ba su kusa. Ba kamar marasa lafiyar da suka manyanta ba, jikin yaron ya fi dacewa da yanayin damuwa. Kowannensu yana buƙatar sarrafa glycemic akai-akai. Lokacin balaga, lokacin da ake buƙata na insulin na iya ƙaruwa yayin lokacin haɓaka yaro da aiki mai yaduwar kwayoyin.

Bayyanar cututtuka a cikin yaro shine mafi yawan lokuta aka bayyana: a farkon ƙwayar cuta, yara suna shan ruwa da yawa, na iya yin gunaguni na jin zafi a cikin ciki, sannan a cikin kirji, suna da maimaitawa, lalataccen matattara. Kusan koyaushe akwai ƙanshin warin acetone. Fitsari kuma yana faruwa da sauri - idanu suna zubewa, yawan fitsari yana raguwa, launin sa yana zama cike da nutsuwa. Ba kowane yaro bane zai iya bayyana yadda suke ji a fili, sabili da haka, tare da alamun damuwa a cikin jariran da ke dauke da cutar sankara, ya kamata a auna glucose jini nan da nan.