Akalla kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari ba su san cutar su ba. Mutane suna yin ayyukan yau da kullun ba tare da lura da alamun cutar ba, kuma ciwon sukari ba ya hana lafiyar lafiya.
Wannan cuta na iya lalata mutum sannu a hankali. Idan ka yi watsi da farkon ci gaban cutar, wannan a ƙarshe yakan haifar da bugun zuciya, gazawar koda, raguwar hangen nesa, ko ƙananan matsalolin reshe.
Wani lokacin mara lafiya na iya fada cikin rashin lafiya sakamakon yawan sukarin jini, ya shiga kulawa mai zurfi kuma daga baya zai fara magani.
An bada shawara ku karanta bayani game da ciwon sukari. Zai dace muyi magana game da alamomin sa na zamani wanda za'a iya kuskure don mura ko canje-canjen da ke hade da shekaru. Amma, bayan binciken wannan bayanin, yakamata mutum ya zama mai hankali sosai, kuma matakan da aka dauka cikin lokaci zasu hana faruwar cutar.
Idan akwai tuhuma game da ciwon sukari, ya zama dole a gwada alamun mutum tare da waɗanda aka lissafa a ƙasa, to sai a yi gwajin sukari. Yin gwajin jini zai fi kyau idan kun bayar da gudummawa ba don gano sukari ba, amma don haemoglobin da ke cikin jini.
An buƙata don ƙayyade matakin al'ada na sukari na jini don sanin sakamakon binciken. Tare da babban sukari mai yawa, kuna buƙatar bin tsarin kula da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun, ban da abincin abinci, injections insulin da kwayoyi masu cutarwa.
Yawancin manya ba su amsa alamun farko na ciwon sukari da ke fitowa a cikin kansu da kuma a cikin yaransu. A saboda wannan dalili, marasa lafiya ba da dadewa ba har yanzu suna ƙarewa a asibiti, amma tare da wani babban ci gaba.
Yaya ake duba sukari na jini?
Idan alamun cututtukan sukari sun bayyana a cikin jariri ko mutumin da shekarunsa ba su wuce shekara 25 ba, wanda ba shi da nauyi mai yawa, to tabbas akwai masu cutar sankara a cikin digiri na 1. Don magance ta, ana buƙatar allurar insulin.
Idan mutum yana da shekaru arba'in da tara ko fiye da haka ana zargin yana da ciwon sukari, to tabbas wannan shine mafi girman matakin digiri na biyu.
Koyaya, waɗannan sune adadi kaɗan. Tabbataccen ganewar asali da matakan ciwon sukari za a iya yin ta ne kawai ta hanyar endocrinologist.
Kashi 1 na cutar sankara - alamu
M, alamun cutar ci gaba a cikin wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Sau da yawa mutum ba zato ba tsammani mutum ya kamu da ciwon sukari (asarar ƙwaƙwalwa), ana gano shi da sauri a asibiti inda ake kamuwa da cutar sankara.
Fasali na ciwon sukari na digiri na 1:
- desirearin sha'awar sha: mai haƙuri yana shan lita 3-5 a rana;
- gaban ƙanshi na acetone yayin ƙonewa;
- abinci mai karfi, mutum yakan ci abinci mai yawa, amma ya rasa nauyi;
- ana lura da yawan kuzari, musamman da daddare;
- rauni rauni warkar;
- fatar kansar, ko fungi ko boils suka bayyana.
Sau da yawa, ciwon sukari na aji 1 yana farawa a cikin maza makonni biyu daga baya ko wata daya bayan mai haƙuri ya kamu da kamuwa da cuta (kyanda, amai da gudawa) ko bayan yanayin damuwa.
Kashi na 2 ciwon sukari - alamu
Ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu, nau'in na iya samar da sannu a hankali, sama da shekaru da yawa, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin tsofaffi. A cikin maza da mata, gajiya tana faruwa, rauni mara kyau, rashin hangen nesa da rauni. Koyaya, bai yi zargin cewa waɗannan alamun farkon cutar ba ce. Sau da yawa, bayyanar cututtuka na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana yin shi da haɗari.
Fasali na nau'in cuta 2:
- alamun halayyar ciwon sukari na wannan nau'in: gajiya, raguwar hangen nesa, canjin ƙwaƙwalwa;
- matsalolin fata: haushi, naman gwari, warkarwa mai rauni;
- needarin buƙatar sha - lita 5 na ruwa kowace rana suna bugu;
- maimaita urination na dare;
- bayyanar raunuka a kan kafafu da gwiwoyi, kafafu sun ƙage, tingling, rauni lokacin motsi;
- mata suna haɓaka candidiasis (thrush), wanda yake da wahalar warkewa;
- a ƙarshen lokacin cutar - asarar nauyi;
- a cikin 50% na marasa lafiya, cutar na iya zama ba tare da alamu ba;
- a cikin maza, matsaloli tare da iko.
30% na maza - rage hangen nesa, cututtukan koda, bugun zuciyar da ba a zata ba, bugun zuciya. Ana buƙatar ziyarar gaggawa zuwa likita bayan an gano waɗannan alamun cututtukan cututtukan sukari.
Idan akwai nauyin wuce kima, gajiya mai saurin faruwa, ana lura da rauni mara kyau na raunuka, hangen nesa da ƙuƙwalwa sun yi ta ƙaruwa, to bai kamata ku zama mai laushi ba kuma kuna buƙatar ƙayyade ƙimar sukari a cikin jini.
Tare da yawan sukari mai yawa, ya kamata a fara jiyya. Idan ba a yi hakan ba, to alamomin cutar zazzabin cizon sauro na iya haifar da mutuwa wanda ke jiran mai haƙuri, wanda a gabanin rikicewar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta - cututtukan mahaifa, ɓarna, bugun zuciya, bugun jini, makanta, da aikin koda.
Don sarrafa nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, nau'ikan suna da sauƙi fiye da yadda ake gani da farko.
Alamar kamuwa da cutar siga ta yara
Smalleraramin shekarun yaro wanda ke da shakatar kamuwa da cutar sankara, to akwai alamu daban-daban na masu cutar siga daga nau'in cutar. Ku san kanku da alamun cutar siga ta yara.
Wannan ya kamata ya zama sananne ga likitoci da iyayen yaro mara lafiya. A aikace, likitocin yara suna da saurin kamuwa da cutar sankara. Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cutar yara suna yawanci kuskure ga alamun wasu cututtuka.
Bambanci tsakanin nau'ikan kamuwa da cuta 1 da 2
Nau'in nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, nau'in yanayin bayyananne, yana faruwa ba zato ba tsammani. Cutar tana da nau'in 2, nau'in - kyautata jin daɗinsa na lokaci. Har zuwa kwanan nan, yara kawai sun sha wahala daga nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, nau'ikan, duk da haka, a yau wannan ba shine batun ba. Nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, digiri ba kiba.
Don bambanta tsakanin nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, digiri ya kamata ya zama gwajin fitsari don sukari, jini don glucose da C-peptide.
Bayani na mutum alamun cutar
Ya kamata a fayyace shi don menene dalili tare da cutar sankarar mellitus mutane suna da wasu alamu. Fahimtar alamomin ciwon sukari da kuma alaƙar alaƙa, yana yiwuwa a sami nasarar ci gaba da lura da wannan cuta.
Matattara da matsanancin urination (polyuria)
A cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari, saboda wasu dalilai, matakin glucose na jini yana ƙaruwa, sannan jikin mutum yana son cire shi ta hanyar fitsari. Koyaya, tare da karuwar glucose a cikin fitsari, kodan basa wuce shi, saboda haka, ana buƙatar cewa akwai ƙarin fitsari.
Don samar da adadin yawan fitsari, jiki yana buƙatar adadin ruwa mai yawa. Don haka, akwai alamar ƙara ƙishirwa a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, kuma akwai saurin motsa jiki don urinate. Mai haƙuri yakan tashi da daddare sau da yawa, wanda alama ce bayyananniyar matakin farko na ciwon sukari.
Ellarshen Acetone akan cinyewa
A cikin maza marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari, adadin glucose a cikin jini, to, ƙwayoyin ba su iya shan shi, saboda insulin bai isa ba, ko ayyukansa ba su da tasiri. A saboda wannan dalili, ana tilasta wa sel (ban da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa) zuwa ciwan mai mai.
Zamu iya ƙara da cewa alamun ciwon sukari shine lokacin da fashewar fats ke faruwa: acetone, acetoacetic acid, b-hydroxybutyric acid (jikin ketone). A wani matakin ɗaukaka na jikin ketone, ana sake su yayin ƙonewa, saboda haka, ƙanshin acetone yana kasancewa a cikin iska.
Coma ko ketoacidosis (ciwon sukari na 1)
Akwai kamshi na acetone a cikin mutane yayin gajiya - wannan yana nuna cewa jiki yana cin kitse, kuma akwai abubuwan ketone a cikin jini. Idan ba a allurar da insulin a cikin tsari na lokaci ba, to, matakin abubuwan da ke tattare da ketone yana ƙaruwa sosai. A cikin wannan halin, jikin ba zai iya jurewa da keɓancewar su ba, acidity na jini yana canzawa.
Matakan pH na jini shine 7.35-7.45. Lokacin da ya ɗan ɗanɗana ƙasa ko sama da wannan iyaka, mutum zai zama mai bacci, yana bacci, yunwar sa ta ƙaru, tashin zuciya ya bayyana, wani lokacin amai, mara nauyi a ciki. Waɗannan sune alamun ketoacidosis masu ciwon sukari.
Yaushe, saboda ketoacidosis, mai haƙuri ya faɗi cikin rashin lafiya, to rashin ƙarfi na iya faruwa har mutuwa (7-15%). Idan ba a tabbatar da gano cutar wata cuta ta 1 ba, kasancewar acetone a cikin faifan baka ba zai yi hankali ba.
Lokacin lura da wata cuta ta mataki 2 a cikin maza tare da rage cin abinci mai narkewa a cikin carbohydrates, mai haƙuri na iya fuskantar ketosis - haɓaka cikin abubuwan jini na abubuwan haɗin ketone. Wannan yanayin ilimin dabi'a ana daukar shi al'ada.
Ba shi da sakamako mai guba. Matsayi na pH na jini ba ya fadi a ƙasa 7.3, saboda haka, duk da ƙanshin acetone yayin ƙonewa, abin mamaki shine al'ada. A wannan yanayin, mutum yakan rabu da nauyin da ya wuce kima.
Apparin ci a cikin marasa lafiya
A cikin maza marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari, rashi insulin, ko kuma ba shi da tasiri. Kuma dukda cewa akwai wadataccen glucose a cikin jini, kwayoyin jikin basu da ikon iya sarrafa shi sakamakon karancin insulin kuma ana tilasta musu yin “matsananciyar yunwa”. Siginar yunwa ta shiga kwakwalwa, mutum yana son ci.
Marasa lafiya na ci da kyau, amma jiki ba zai iya shabo fitsarin da ya zo da abinci. Ana lura da tsananin ci har sai insulin ya fara aiki, ko har sai sel suka fara shan fitsari. Tare da wannan sakamakon, mai haƙuri tare da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari mellitus yana haɓaka ketoacidosis.
Fata yana da itchy, thrus na faruwa, ana nuna alamun fatar
A cikin haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari, ana ƙara matakan glucose a cikin dukkanin ruwa. An kara adadin sukari da yawa ta gumi. Microorganism kamar danshi, yanayi mai dumin gaske tare da tsananin sukari, wanda shine sinadarin gina jiki. Dole ne muyi ƙoƙarin rage adadin glucose a cikin jini, to, matsaloli tare da murƙushe jiki da fata za su shuɗe.
Marasa lafiya rauni warkar a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari
Yawan wuce haddi na glucose a cikin jinin maza yana da sakamako mai guba a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini, haka kuma sel wadanda jinin ya wanke. Don raunuka don warkar da mafi kyawun, ana ɗaukar matakai masu rikitarwa a cikin jiki, gami da rarrabe ƙwayoyin fata na lafiya, kamar yadda yake a cikin hoto.
Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa ƙara yawan glucose matakin yana da sakamako mai guba a cikin kyallen maza, hanyoyin warkarwa suna da hankali. Bugu da kari, a karkashin wadannan yanayi, ana lura da yaduwar cututtuka. Yana da kyau a ƙara da cewa matan da ke da ciwon sukari suna tsufa da wuri.
A ƙarshe, zai sake tuna cewa idan akwai alamun cututtukan sukari a cikin maza ko 'yan mata kowane nau'in, ya zama dole a bincika yawan glucose a cikin jini da wuri-wuri, kazalika da ziyarci likitancin endocrinologist.
Har yanzu babu wata hanyar da za a magance cutar ta gudawa, kodayake, yana yiwuwa a sarrafa shi kuma mu yi rayuwa ta al'ada. Zai iya zama ba wuya kamar yadda sauti.
