Kowane mutum daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yana jin ɗan ƙaramin ciwo a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen. A matsayinka na mai mulki, mutane ba sa kulawa da waɗannan alamu, wanda gabaɗaya ne a banza, saboda sau da yawa dalilin irin wannan zafin ba ya cikin gajiya ce ta talakawa ko zazzabin cizon sauro, amma a cikin mummunan cuta.
Ofayan waɗannan cututtukan shine atherosclerosis na tasoshin ƙananan ƙananan. A cikin balagaggu bayan shekaru 65-70, wannan ilimin ilimin cuta ya fi yawa.
Menene ma'anar wannan cuta?
Atherosclerosis na tasoshin kafafu cuta ce da ke ci gaba wanda canje-canje da dama ke faruwa, misali:
- aukuwa na trophic nama;
- rikicewar kwararawar jini a cikin tasoshin yanki.
Atherosclerosis galibi yana shafar manyan jijiyoyin bugun kirji da ciki. Sakamakon haka ne cewa tafiyar matakai na gudana a cikin jijiyar fitsari, da tibial da kuma jijiyoyin jini.
A cikin su, rarar lumen da sama da 50-55%. Cutar na iya haɓakawa cikin natsuwa fiye da shekaru 10, kuma mutum yana iya shakkar komai game da cutar tasa, tunda akwai alamun babu alamun cutar.
Atherosclerosis da matakai
Atherosclerosis na tasoshin ƙananan ƙananan hancin yana tasowa a matakai da yawa:
- Mataki na farko ana ɗaukarsa daidaitacce. Yana haɗuwa tare da lipoidosis - cuta mai narkewa na metabolism na lipid. Jin zafi a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen yana faruwa ne kawai bayan tafiya mai nisa kuma tare da mahimmancin motsa jiki.
- Alamun farko na atherosclerosis na jijiya daga cikin ƙananan hancin suna bayyana a mataki na biyu na cutar. Kafafun mai haƙuri sun fara rauni bayan wucewa mita 500-1000.
- Mataki na uku lokaci ne mai tsananin mahimmanci. An bayyana alamun cutar. Tuni bayan mita 50, mutum ya fara jin zafi.
- Mataki na huɗu na ƙarshe yana halin cututtukan trophic, necrosis, kuma rashin jin daɗi a cikin gabar jiki yana faruwa ko da a cikin kwanciyar hankali (lokacin bacci ba banda). Wani lokaci Gangrene na iya haɓaka cutar sankara.
Mahimmanci! Idan ba ku fara jinya don atherosclerosis na arteries na ƙananan ƙarshen zuwa lokaci ba, shari'ar na iya haifar da yankewa. Sabili da haka, dole ne a gudanar da aikin magani koda a matakin ƙarshe.
Sanadin cutar
Abubuwa da yawa na iya haifar da wannan cuta, amma duk da haka akwai wasu dalilai na faruwar hakan.
- An dauki shan sigari shine babban dalilin atherosclerosis na arteries. Nicotine da ke cikin kayayyakin sigari yana haifar da jijiyoyin wuya kuma yana hana jini motsa jini ta cikin tasoshin. Wannan tafarki yana kaiwa kai tsaye zuwa ga thrombophlebitis (toshewar hanji) da kuma atherosclerosis.
- Yawan kiba.
- Yawan cin abinci mai yawa a cikin wadatar dabbobi, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar jini cholesterol.
- Sauran cututtukan, irin su mellitus na ciwon sukari, hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, rage yawan aikin hodar iblis da ke cikin maza.
- Tsarin gado.
- Damuwa da tunani-damuwa, damuwa, damuwa.
- Hawan jini
- Tsakanin shekaru.
- Jinsi (atherosclerosis na kafafu yafi shafar maza).
- Rashin motsa jiki.
Babban bayyanar cututtuka
An riga an faɗi a sama cewa atherosclerosis na jiragen ruwa na ƙananan ƙarshen bazai ji a cikin dogon lokaci ba.
Amma alamunsa na iya faruwa lokaci guda cikin da yawa.
Don haka Shin babu wata hanyar da za a iya gane cuta a matakin farko?
Bayan duk wannan, wannan zai taimaka don guje wa matsaloli masu haɗari da fara magani da sauri. Tabbas, akwai alamun bayyanar cututtuka, kuma akwai da yawa:
- Numbness of ƙafa.
- Babban thrombosis, da wuya embolism.
- Bayyanar ba daidai ba.
- Jin sanyi na ciki da kullun sanyi.
- Pallor da cyanosis na fata.
- Cramps, musamman da dare.
- Raɗaɗi, jere daga rauni zuwa ƙarfi.
- Rashin ƙarfin jijiyoyin cinya a cinya, a cikin mahaifa, a gwiwa.
- Bayyanar cututtuka na yanayin trophic, wanda aka bayyana a cikin rabuwa da kusoshi, asarar ciyayi a kan ƙananan kafa, bayyanar raunuka a kan diddige da yatsun kafa.
- Raunin ƙananan ƙarshen, wanda ke ƙaruwa lokacin tafiya.
- Fata Crimson - cyanosis.
Yadda za'a gane
Gyara da kuma sanin lokaci na atherosclerosis na ƙananan ƙwayoyin jijiya shine babban matakin inganta ingantaccen jiyya. Za ta bayyana a fili: dalilin da yasa cutar ta tashi, kuma, fara daga wannan, likita ya wajabta magunguna masu mahimmanci da sauran magani:
- MSCT angiography.
- MR angiography.
- Peripheral arteriography.
- Auna matsin lamba tare da lissafin kasusuwan gwiwa
- (UZDG) - duplex scanning of na gefe arteries.
- Nemo bugun jini na jijiya.
- Shawarwarin likitan jijiyoyin bugun jini.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwararren likita zai lura da rashi ko kasancewar canje-canje na trophic a cikin kafafu, tare da taimakon duban dan tayi da DS, tsayar da matsayin ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki, sauraron gunaguni na systolic a kan jijiyoyin bugun zuciya.
Yana da kyau a gudanar da wannan gwajin: a cikin supine matsayi, mara lafiya ya ɗaga ƙafafunsa da 45 °.
Knees yakamata ya kasance. Gwajin yana tantance gajiyawar ƙafafun kafa da kuma ƙyallar fata a saman ƙafafun ƙafa, alamu kuma sun tabbatar da daidai gwajin.
Yadda za a bi
Dukkanin hanyoyin motsa jiki da magani na magani sun dogara da matsayin cutar da kuma duka alamomin ta. Hanyoyin magani na iya zama na al'ada da na al'ada.
Janar magani
Idan mai haƙuri yana son samun sakamako mai kyau daga jiyya, dole ne ya sake kula da tsananin aiwatar da duk shawarar kwararru.
Bukata:
- daina shan sigari da shan barasa;
- yi ƙoƙarin rasa nauyi;
- a bi abinci mai ƙarancin cholesterol, wato ƙi ƙiba, man shanu, pastes, margarine, sausages, kayan kiwo, kifi da nama, nau'in mai mai, mai, mayonnaise, irin kek, da dai sauransu.
- canzawa zuwa takalma mai fadi da kuma dadi;
- Yi hankali lokacin yankan ƙusa;
- bincika kullun kuma kula da kowane raunin kafafu da ƙafa;
- motsa jiki na jiki don amfani da dosed: tafiya ta yau da kullun a matsakaicin matsakaici, iyo, motsa jiki na motsa jiki;
- kauce wa hypothermia na kafafu;
- yi gwagwarmaya tare da cututtukan haɗin gwiwa: ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini.
Magungunan magani
Jiyya na atherosclerosis na ƙananan hanji na ƙananan ƙarshen ya haɗa da magunguna, wanda ƙwararren kwararrun ne kawai zasu iya tsara shi.
Magungunan rigakafi na hana ƙwayar cuta kuma suna zama kyakkyawan rigakafin bugun jini da bugun zuciya:
- Asfirin
- Maimaitawa.
Magunguna waɗanda ke haɓaka aikin jiki na haƙuri. Godiya garesu, jigilar jini a cikin kafafu ya zama kamar yadda ake tafiya kuma ya zama mara wahala:
- Cilostazolum.
- Pentoxifylline.
Taimaka bayyanar cututtuka da ciwon ciki:
- Kusan ƙwayar cuta.
- Drotaverinum.
Anticoagulants tare da tasirin antiplatelet yana hana haɓaka ƙwanƙwasa jini, yana hana jini saka jini a cikin jijiyoyin jini, da rage cholesterol a cikin jini:
- Heparin.
- Warfarin.
A gaban raunin trophic, ana amfani da maganin shafawa tare da maganin rigakafi:
- Dimexide.
- Levomekolle
- Delaskin.
- Oflokain.
Vasodilators:
- Trental.
- Pentillin.
- Pentoxifylline.
- Vazaprostan.
- Agapurin.
- Furanni.
Tsarin aikin motsa jiki:
- Kawancen iska.
- Electrophoresis tare da novocaine.
- Damuwa.
Bugu da kari, masana sun tsara magunguna wadanda ke inganta abinci mai gina jiki da sinadarai.
Ayyukan tiyata a cikin maganin cutar
Yin tiyata ko tiyata don atherosclerosis na mahaifa babban mataki ne. Yawancin lokaci ana yin aikin ne idan akwai rikitarwa mai wahala da ischemia mai ƙarfi.
Menene aikin tiyata?
- Kewaya tiyata - samar da ƙarin hanya don ya kwarara zuwa jini a kusa da yanki na kunkuntar arteries.
- Balloon angioplasty - an saka balanbaren da ke fadada jijiya a cikin jirgin ruwa.
- Sterying artery - an saka mai spacer tubular a cikin jirgin da aka canza, wanda zai kula da diamita na artery a matakin da ya dace.
- Endarterectomy - exction na yankin da abin ya shafa na jirgin ruwa da matattun bututun iska.
- Autodermoplasty - wanda aka yi amfani dashi don magance cututtukan trophic, waɗanda basu da wadatuwa ga maganin gida.
- Prosthetics - maye gurbin wuraren da abin ya shafa na jijiyoyin wuya tare da jirgin ruwa na roba ko kayan motsa jiki.
- Yanke sashin gwal wanda aka sanya shi daga baya kuma an sanya shi daga baya.
