A yanzu haka a Rasha akwai mutane kusan miliyan 10 da ke kamuwa da cutar sankarau. Wannan cuta, kamar yadda kuka sani, tana da alaƙa da take hakkin samar da insulin ta hanyar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke da alhakin metabolism a cikin jiki.
Don mara lafiya ya zauna cikakke, yana buƙatar saka allurar cikin kullun.
A yau halin da ake ciki shine cewa a kan samfuran samfuran likita sama da kashi 90 sune magungunan da aka yi daga ƙasashen waje - wannan kuma ya shafi insulin.
A halin yanzu, a yau kasar tana fuskantar ɗawainiya na samar da mahimmancin magunguna. A saboda wannan, a yau duk kokarin da aka yi shine sanya insulin cikin gida ya zama cancantar analog na shahararrun homon a duniya.
Sakin insulin na Rasha
Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ba da shawarar cewa kasashen da ke da yawan mazauna sama da miliyan 50 su shirya nasu samar da insulin don kada masu ciwon sukari su sami matsaloli tare da kwayoyin.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, shugaba a cikin ci gaban magunguna game da kwayar halitta a cikin kasar ya kasance Geropharm.
Ita ce kaɗai, a cikin Rasha, wanda ke fitar da insulins na gida cikin nau'ikan abubuwa da magunguna. A halin yanzu, insins-insins-Rinsulin R-ins da matsakaitan insulin Rinsulin NPH ana yin su anan.
Koyaya, wataƙila, samarwa ba zai tsaya a can ba. Dangane da yanayin siyasa a kasar da sanya takunkumi a kan masana'antun kasashen waje, Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ba da umarnin shiga cikakken aikin ci gaba na samar da insulin da kuma gudanar da bincike na ƙungiyoyi masu gudana.
Hakanan ana shirin gina cikakken hadaddun abubuwa a cikin garin Pushchina, inda za'a samar da nau'ikan kwayoyin halittar.
Shin insulin na Rasha zai maye gurbin magungunan kasashen waje
Dangane da ra'ayoyin masana, a yanzu haka dai Rasha ba ta shiga wata gasa ce ga kasuwar duniya don samar da insulin ba. Babban masana'antar sune manyan kamfanoni uku - Eli-Lilly, Sanofi da Novo Nordisk. Koyaya, sama da shekaru 15, insulin cikin gida zai iya maye gurbin kusan kashi 30-40 cikin ɗari na adadin hodar da ake siyarwa a cikin ƙasar.
Gaskiyar ita ce cewa Rasha ta daɗe da kafa aikin samar da ƙasar ta insulin, ta hanyar maye gurbin magungunan ƙasashen waje.
An fara samar da kwayoyin halittar ne a zamanin Soviet, amma daga baya sai aka samar da insulin asalin dabbobi, wanda bashi da ingancin tsarkakakke.
A cikin shekarun 90s, an yi ƙoƙari don tsara samar da insulin kayan injin cikin gida, amma ƙasar ta fuskanci matsaloli na kuɗi, kuma an dakatar da ra'ayin.
Duk waɗannan shekarun, kamfanonin Rasha sunyi ƙoƙarin samar da nau'ikan insulin, amma ana amfani da samfuran ƙasashen waje azaman abubuwa. A yau, kungiyoyi waɗanda suke shirye don sakin cikakken samfurin gida sun fara bayyana. Ofayansu shine kamfanin Geropharm wanda aka bayyana a sama.
- An shirya cewa bayan gina shuka a yankin na Moscow, za a samar da nau'ikan magunguna na zamani ga masu ciwon sukari a cikin kasar, wanda a cikin inganci zasu iya yin gasa tare da fasahar Yammacin Turai. Itiesarfin zamani na sabon da ya kasance na shuka zai ba da damar samar da kilogram 650 na kayan cikin shekara guda.
- Za a ƙaddamar da sabon samarwa a cikin 2017. A lokaci guda, farashin insulin zai zama ƙasa da takwarorinta na ƙasashen waje. Irin wannan shirin zai magance matsaloli da yawa a fagen ilimin halin diabetology na kasar, wanda ya hada da na kudi.
- Da farko dai, masana'antun za su shiga cikin samar da maganin tsufa da tsufa. A cikin shekaru hudun, za a fitar da cikakken layin dukkan matsayin hudu. Za'a samar da insulin a cikin kwalabe, katako, za a iya zubar da alkawuran sirinji mai amfani.
Ko wannan da gaske za a san shi ne bayan an ƙaddamar da tsari kuma an fara nazarin sabbin magunguna.
Koyaya, wannan tsari ne mai tsayi, don haka mazaunan Rasha kada suyi fatan samun saurin shigo da kayayyaki cikin sauri.
Wane irin ingancin horar da ake samu a cikin gida take da shi?
Mafi dacewa da rashin sakamako masu illa ga masu ciwon sukari ana ɗauka su zama insulin da aka yiwa ɗabi'a, wanda ya dace da ingancin kimiyyar lissafi zuwa asalin hormone.
Don gwada tasiri da ingancin insulin gajeren aiki Rinsulin R da matsakaiciyar insulin Rinsulin NPH, an gudanar da binciken kimiyya wanda ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako na rushewar glucose na jini a cikin marasa lafiya da rashin halayen rashin lafiyan lokacin magani na dogon lokaci tare da magungunan da aka yi da Rasha.
Bugu da ƙari, ana iya lura da cewa zai zama da amfani ga marasa lafiya su san yadda za su sami famfon ɗin insulin kyauta, a yau wannan bayanin yana da matukar muhimmanci.
Binciken ya ƙunshi masu ciwon sukari 25 masu shekaru 25-58, waɗanda aka gano tare da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari. A cikin marasa lafiya 21, an lura da mummunan nau'in cutar. Kowannensu yana karɓar ƙwayar insulin na Rashanci da na kasashen waje.
- Adadin glycemia da glycated haemoglobin a cikin jinin marasa lafiya lokacin amfani da analog na cikin gida ya kasance daidai da matsayin lokacin amfani da hormone na samar da kasashen waje.
- Har ila yau, taro na rigakafin ma bai canza ba.
- Musamman, ketoacidosis, amsawar rashin lafiyan, tashin hankali na hypoglycemia ba a lura ba.
- Yawan maganin yau da kullun yayin lura ana gudanar dasu a cikin girman daidai lokacin da aka saba.
Bugu da ƙari, an gudanar da wani bincike don kimanta tasirin rage ƙarfin glucose na jini ta amfani da magungunan Rinsulin R da Rinsulin NPH. Babu wasu bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci lokacin amfani da insulin na samarwa na gida da na kasashen waje.
Don haka, masana kimiyya sun kammala da cewa za a iya canza masu ciwon sukari zuwa sabbin nau'ikan insulin ba tare da wani sakamako ba. A wannan yanayin, ana kiyaye sashi da yanayin gudanarwar hormone.
A nan gaba, za'a iya daidaita daidaituwa gwargwadon kulawa da kai game da yanayin jikin mutum.
Amfani da Rinsulin NPH
Wannan hormone yana da tsawon lokacin aiki. Yana cikin hanzari ya shiga cikin jini, kuma saurin ya dogara da sashi, hanyar da yankin gudanarwar hormone. Bayan an sha maganin, sai ya fara aikinsa cikin awa daya da rabi.
Ana lura da mafi girman sakamako tsakanin 4 zuwa 12 sa'o'i bayan ya shiga jiki. Tsawon lokacin bayyanar jikin mutum shine awowi 24. Dakatarwar da fari, ruwan da kanta ba ta da launi.
An wajabta magungunan don ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko da na biyu, an kuma ba da shawarar ga mata masu fama da rashin lafiya yayin daukar ciki.
Contraindications sun hada da:
- Rashin yarda da ƙwayoyi na mutum zuwa kowane ɓangaren da ke cikin insulin;
- Kasancewar hypoglycemia.
Tunda hormone ba zai iya shiga katangar mahaifa ba, babu hani game da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi yayin daukar ciki.
Yayin shayar da nono, ana kuma ba shi damar amfani da hormone, kodayake, bayan haihuwa ta zama tilas a sanya ido a kan matakin glucose a cikin jini kuma, idan ya cancanta, a rage sashi.
Ana gudanar da insulin a cikin subcutaneously. Ana sanya maganin ta hanyar likita, gwargwadon takamaiman yanayin cutar. Matsakaicin kullun shine 0.5-1 IU a kilo kilogram na nauyi.
Za'a iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi duka daban-daban kuma tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da hormone na Rinsulin R.
Kafin ka shiga insulin, kana buƙatar mirgine katun aƙalla sau goma tsakanin tafin hannu, saboda yawan taro ya zama ɗaya. Idan kumfa ya kafa, ba shi yiwuwa ɗan lokaci don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, saboda wannan na iya haifar da sashin da ba daidai ba. Hakanan, baza ku iya amfani da hormone ba idan ya ƙunshi barbashi na ƙasa da flakes da ke manne da bangon.
An ba da izinin shirya buɗewa a zazzabi na 15-25 zuwa kwanaki 28 daga ranar da aka buɗe. Yana da mahimmanci insulin nesa da hasken rana da zafin rana.
Tare da yawan yawan zubar da ruwa, ƙwanƙwasa jini na iya haɓaka. Idan raguwar glucose a cikin jini ya kasance mai sauƙi, za a iya kawar da wani abu da ba a so ba ta hanyar shigar da abinci mai daɗi wanda ya ƙunshi adadin carbohydrates. Idan batun hypoglycemia mai tsanani ne, ana gudanar da maganin glucose na 40% ga mai haƙuri.
Don kauce wa wannan yanayin, bayan wannan kuna buƙatar cin abinci mai cike da carb.
Amfani da Rinsulin P
Wannan magani yana aiki da insulin gajere. A bayyanar, yayi kama da Rinsulin NPH. Ana iya gudanar da shi ta hanyar juyawa, tare da intramuscularly da kuma cikin jijiya a karkashin tsananin kulawa na likita. Hakanan ana buƙatar yarda da likita tare da likita.
Bayan hormone ya shiga jiki, aikinsa zai fara ne a cikin rabin awa. Ana ganin ingantaccen aiki a cikin kwanakin 1-3. Tsawon lokacin bayyanar jikin mutum shine 8 hours.
Ana gudanar da insulin rabin sa'a kafin cin abinci ko abun ciye ciye mai haske tare da wani adadin carbohydrates. Idan ana amfani da magani guda ɗaya kawai don ciwon sukari, ana gudanar da Rinsulin P sau uku a rana, idan ya cancanta, ana iya ƙara yawan zuwa sau shida a rana.
An wajabta miyagun ƙwayoyi don ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko da na biyu, a lokacin daukar ciki, da kuma lalata tsarin metabolism a matsayin matakan gaggawa. Contraindications sun haɗa da rashin haƙuri na mutum ga miyagun ƙwayoyi, kazalika da kasancewar cututtukan jini.
Lokacin amfani da insulin, amsawar rashin lafiyan, farjin fata, kumburi, da ƙarancin ƙarancin anaphylactic ana iya yiwuwa.
