Micro da macroangiopathies a cikin ciwon sukari: menene?

Macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari cuta ce ta baki da ta rashin atherosclerotic wanda ke tasowa a cikin matsakaici ko manyan jijiya tare da tsawan lokaci na nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.

Irin wannan sabon abu ba komai bane face pathogenesis, yana haifar da bayyanar cututtukan zuciya, kuma mutum yawanci yana da hauhawar jini, tashin hankali da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar hanji ke rikicewa.

Binciken cutar ta hanyar gudanar da electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, Doppler duban dan tayi, kodan, tasoshin kwakwalwa, arteries.

Jiyya yana kunshe da sarrafa hawan jini, haɓaka haɗarin jini, gyara haɓaka.

Sanadin macroangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari

Lokacin da mutum ba shi da lafiya tare da ciwon sukari na dogon lokaci, ƙananan ƙwayoyin rufi, bango na jijiyoyi da jijiyoyi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar adadin glucose na fara ƙaruwa.

Don haka akwai wani lalura mai zurfi, nakasawa, ko kuma, musayarwa, wannan yana kasancewa da zazzagewar hanyoyin jini.

A saboda wannan dalili, zubar jini da metabolism tsakanin kyallen da ke cikin gabobin ciki suna rikicewa, wanda ke haifar da hypoxia ko matsananciyar yunwa na kyallen da ke kewaye, lalacewar gabobin da yawa na masu ciwon sukari.

• Mafi sau da yawa, manyan tasoshin ƙananan ƙananan hanji da zuciya suna aiki, wannan yana faruwa a cikin kashi 70 na lokuta. Waɗannan sassa na jiki suna karɓar mafi girman nauyin, saboda haka tasoshin suna rinjayar canji sosai. A cikin microbetiopathy na ciwon sukari, ƙonewar ɗaba'ar ana shafawa yawanci, wanda aka gano shi azaman retinopathy; waɗannan waɗannan har ila yau suna faruwa.
• Yawancin lokaci macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari yana shafar cututtukan hanji, na jijiyoyin zuciya, na koda, jijiyoyin mahaifa. Wannan yana tare da angina pectoris, infarction na myocardial, bugun jini na ischemic, bugun fitsari, da hauhawar jini. Tare da yaduwa lalacewar jijiyoyin jini, hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini yana ƙaruwa sau uku.
• Yawancin cututtukan ciwon sukari suna haifar da atherosclerosis na tasoshin jini. Ana gano irin wannan cutar a cikin mutane masu nau'in 1 da nau'in 2 mellitus na sukari shekaru 15 da suka gabata fiye da masu lafiya. Hakanan, wata cuta a cikin masu ciwon sukari na iya ci gaba da sauri.
• Cutar ta kara kauri membranes na matsakaici da kuma manyan jijiyoyin jini, wanda filayen atherosclerotic suka kirkira daga baya. Sakamakon kamuwa da jini, bayyanar zuciya da kuma necrosis na plaques, ƙwanƙwasa jini yana zama a cikin gida, ƙwanƙwaran tasoshin yana rufe, a sakamakon haka, guduwar jini a yankin da abun ya shafa yana da damuwa a cikin masu ciwon sukari.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari yana shafar jijiyoyin jini, cerebral, visceral, jijiyoyin mahaifa, don haka likitoci suna yin komai don hana irin waɗannan canje-canje ta hanyar amfani da matakan kariya.

Rashin haɗarin pathogenesis tare da hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, juriya na insulin, kiba, hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, haɓaka coagulation na jini, ƙonewar endothelial, damuwa damuwa, matsalar kuzarin oxidative, kumburin system musamman babba.

Hakanan, atherosclerosis sau da yawa yana tasowa a cikin masu shan sigari, a gaban rashin aiki na jiki, da kuma maye gurbin ƙwararru. A cikin hadarin mazan sun haura shekaru 45 da mata sama da 55.

Sau da yawa sanadin cutar ta zama gado ne na gado.

Cutar Malaria da nau'ikan ta

Cutar sankarar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa shine haɗin kai wanda ke wakiltar pathogenesis kuma ya ƙunshi raunin jini - ƙanana, babba da babba.

Ana daukar wannan sabon abu sakamakon wani rikici na ƙarshen ciwon sukari mellitus, wanda ke faruwa kimanin shekaru 15 bayan cutar ta bayyana.

Macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari yana haɗuwa tare da syndromes kamar atherosclerosis na aorta da na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin hannu, na waje ko kuma jijiyoyin wuya.

1. A lokacin microangiopathy a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, retinopathy, nephropathy, da kuma ciwon sukari na microgeiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen.
2. Wani lokaci, lokacin da lalacewar tasoshin jini, ana bincikar cutar angiopathy na duniya, manufar ta ƙunshi micro-macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari.

Microangiopathy na ciwon sukari na endoneural na haifar da take hakkin jijiyoyin mahaifa, wannan kuma yana haifar da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Ciwon mara macroangiopathy da alamunta

Tare da atherosclerosis na aorta da na jijiyoyin zuciya, wanda ke haifar da macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari na ƙananan ƙarshen da sauran sassan jikin mutum, mai ciwon sukari na iya bincikar cutar cututtukan zuciya da na zuciya, na zuciya na zuciya, na jijiyoyin zuciya, angina pectoris, cardiosclerosis.

Cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin zuciya a wannan yanayin sun ci gaba cikin yanayi mai wahala, ba tare da jin zafi ba tare da rakiyar farhythmia. Wannan yanayin yana da matukar hadari, saboda zai iya haifar da mutuwar sannu-sannu.

Pathogenesis a cikin masu ciwon sukari sau da yawa ya haɗa da irin wannan rikitarwa na bayan-infarction kamar aneurysm, arrhythmia, thromboembolism, cardiogenic shock, bugun zuciya. Idan likitoci sun bayyana cewa sanadin lalacewa na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta shine macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari, dole ne a yi komai domin bugun zuciya baya dawowa, tunda hadarin yana da girma sosai.

• A cewar kididdigar, nau'in 1 da nau'in masu ciwon sukari kusan sau biyu suna mutuwa ta mutuƙar ƙwayar cuta ta myocardial kamar yadda mutanen da ba su da ciwon sukari. Kusan 10 bisa dari na marasa lafiya suna fama da cututtukan hanji na atherosclerosis saboda macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari.
• Atherosclerosis a cikin masu ciwon sukari ke sanya kanta ji ta hanyar haɓakar bugun zuciyar ischemic ko ischemia na kullum. Idan mai haƙuri yana da hauhawar jini a jijiya, to matsalar haɗarin cerebrovascular yana ƙaruwa sau uku.
• A cikin 10 bisa dari na marasa lafiya, atherosclerotic share shafe raunuka na gefe tasirin ana gano a cikin hanyar atherosclerosis obliterans. Macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari yana tare da numbness, sanyi na ƙafa, sasantawa na lokaci-lokaci, kumburi na hanji.
• Mai haƙuri yana fuskantar ciwo mai zafi a cikin ƙashin tsoka na kafa, cinya, kafa na ƙananan kafa, wanda ke ƙaruwa da kowane irin ƙwaƙwalwar jiki. Idan jini ya gudana cikin matsanancin damuwa yana rikicewa, wannan yana haifar da ischemia mai mahimmanci, wanda a ƙarshe yakan haifar da ƙirar jijiyoyin ƙafa da ƙananan kafa a cikin nau'in gangrene.
• Fata da ƙananan ƙwayar katako na iya zama mai ma'anar kansu, ba tare da ƙarin lalacewa na inji ba. Amma, a matsayin mai mulkin, necrosis na faruwa tare da cin zarafin da suka gabata na fata - bayyanar fasa, cututtukan fungal, raunuka.

Lokacin da rikicewar yaduwar jini ba a faɗi ba, macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari yana haifar da bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan trophic na kullum tare da ciwon sukari a kafafu.

Yaya ake binciken macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari?

Bincike shine don sanin yadda mummunan tasirin tasirin jijiyoyin jini, da na jijiyoyin jini, da na gefe.

Don sanin hanyar binciken da ake buƙata, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya nemi likita.

An gudanar da gwajin ne ta hanyar endocrinologist, likitan diabetologist, likitan zuciya, likitan jijiyoyin bugun gini, likitan zuciya, mai ilimin cututtukan zuciya.

A nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ana tsara nau'ikan cututtukan bincike don gano pathogenesis:

1. Ana yin gwajin jini na kwayoyin halitta don gano matakin glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, platelet, lipoproteins. Hakanan ana yin gwajin coagulation na jini.
2. Tabbatar bincika tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ta amfani da electrocardiogram, saka idanu yau da kullum game da karfin jini, gwaji na damuwa, echocardiogram, dopplerography of the aorta, scyoigraphy na myocardial, coronarography, compio tomographic angiography.
3. An kuma ayyana yanayin yanayin mai haƙuri ta amfani da dopplerography na duban dan tayi na jijiyar kwakwalwa, binciken duplex da angiography of the cerebral Hakanan ana yin su.
4. Don tantance yanayin tashe-tashen hanji na jini, ana bincika gabar jiki ta amfani da na'urar sauyawa, duban dan tayi, zane-zanen gini, rheovasography, capillaroscopy, oscillography arterial.

Jiyya na ciwon sukari microangiopathy

Kulawa da cutar a cikin masu ciwon sukari da farko ya ƙunshi samar da matakan rage ci gaba da haɗarin kamuwa da cuta, wanda hakan zai iya yiwa mai haƙuri rauni ko kuma mutuwa.

Ana kula da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na babba da na ƙananan a ƙarƙashin kulawa da likitan tiyata. Idan kuma bala'i ya faru, ana yin magani mai jijiyoyin jiki da suka dace. Hakanan, likita zai iya yin jagora don magani na tiyata, wanda ya ƙunshi endarterectomy, kawar da ƙoshin ƙwayar ƙwayar jijiyoyi, yankan ƙashin da ya shafa, idan ya riga ya kamu da cutar siga.

Ka'idojin asali na aikin likita suna da alaƙa da gyaran syndromes masu haɗari, waɗanda suka haɗa da hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypercoagulation, hauhawar jijiya.

• Don ramawa metabolism na metabolism a cikin masu ciwon sukari, likita ya ba da izinin insulin jiyya da saka idanu akan matakan sukari na yau da kullun. A saboda wannan, mai haƙuri yana ɗaukar magungunan rage ƙwayar lipid - statins, antioxidants, fibrates. Additionallyari, ya zama dole a bi tsarin abinci na musamman da kuma ƙuntatawa amfani da abinci tare da babban abun da ke cikin kitse na dabbobi.
• Lokacin da akwai haɗarin haɓaka rikice-rikice na thromboembolic, an tsara magungunan antiplatelet - acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole, pentoxifylline, heparin.
• Magungunan rigakafin ƙwayar cuta idan an gano macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari ya ƙunshi cimma da kuma riƙe karfin jini a matakin 130/85 mm RT. Art. Don wannan dalili, mai haƙuri ya ɗauki ACE inhibitors, diuretics. Idan mutum ya wahala ta hanyar lalacewa, to, ana bayar da umarnin hana masu hana daukar ciki abinci.

Matakan hanawa

Dangane da kididdigar, tare da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, saboda cututtukan zuciya a cikin marasa lafiya, yawan mutuwar ya kasance daga 35 zuwa 75 bisa dari. A cikin rabin waɗannan marasa lafiya, mutuwa tana faruwa tare da infarction na myocardial, a cikin 15 bisa dari na lokuta shine sanadin mummunar cutar ischemia.

Don kauce wa haɓakar macroangiopathy na ciwon sukari, ya wajaba a ɗauka dukkan matakan kariya. Mai haƙuri yakamata ya lura da matakan sukari na jini akai-akai, auna matsin lamba na jini, bi abinci, lura da nauyin kansa, bin duk shawarwarin likita da barin ɗabi'a mara kyau gwargwadon yiwuwa.

A cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, an tattauna hanyoyin da za a bi don magance cututtukan cututtukan macroangiopathy na ƙarshen.