Mai nuna alamar glucose na jini yana bayyana lokacin da canje-canje iri iri da na ilimin mutum suka samu a jikin mutum. Sau da yawa ana danganta su da gwagwarmaya a cikin metabolism metabolism. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci sanin menene alamun farko na haɓakar ƙwayar jini da kuma lokacin da ake buƙatar kulawa da lafiya.
A cikin kowace sel na jikin mutum akwai glucose, wanda shine asalin tushen ƙarfinsa. Amma sukari yana da mahimmanci musamman don cikakken aiki na sel jijiya da ƙwayoyin jini.
Karatun glucose na yau da kullun yana daga 3.3 zuwa 5.5 mmol / L. An tsara hankali ne ta hanyar abubuwan da ake amfani da shi na aikin carbohydrate metabolism da hulɗa da tsarin endocrine da juyayi.
Lokacin da sukari ya tashi, da farko, canje-canje masu zurfi zasu faru a cikin jikin mutum, amma halinsu shine cewa suna da tasiri mai lalacewa a yawancin gabobin da tsarin. Sabili da haka, don kula da lafiya, ya zama dole a san abubuwan da ke haifar da alamomin sukari na hawan jini.
Me yasa cututtukan hyperglycemia suka bayyana?
Guban glucose na jini zai iya canzawa zuwa ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da damuwa ko babban aiki na jiki. Wannan shi ne saboda yawan kuzarin metabolism wanda ke faruwa a sel. Hakanan, yawan sukari yana ƙaruwa lokacin da mutum ya ci abinci mai yawa na carbohydrate a lokaci guda.
Abubuwan takaitaccen abu na haifar da yawan sukarin jini:
- ciwo mai zafi;
- hauhawar zazzabi saboda kamuwa da kwayan cuta ko kwayan cuta;
- amai da amai;
- ƙonewa;
- m rashin ƙarfi infarction;
- raunin kwakwalwa.
Baya ga abubuwan da aka ambata a sama, abubuwan da ke faruwa na ɗan gajeren lokaci na iya haifar da cututtukan ƙwayoyi kamar su glucocorticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, psychotropic da diuretics, hana maganin hana haihuwa.
Prolongara yawan haɗarin glucose yana faruwa a cikin waɗannan lambobin:
- rikicewar hormonal ta hanyar ciki da endocrinopathy;
- cututtukan gastrointestinal;
- kumburi na gabobin endocrine (pituitary, pancreas, glanden adrenal, hypothalamus);
- matsalolin koda, saboda abin da glucose ba a cikin sa yake ba.
Bugu da kari, cutar sankarau daya ce daga cikin sanadin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
Ta yaya glucose na jini ya shafi jiki?
Manyan alamun hyperglycemia sune nocturia (akai-akai da urination mai zafi a cikin dare), ƙarancin farfadowar nama, bushewar baki da aikin gani sosai. Hakanan, ciwon sukari da sauran yanayi yayin da sukarin jini ya kasance mai yawa, yana bayyana ta ƙishirwa, gajiya, ƙyallen fata, rauni, polyuria (yawan fitsari da aka saki), asarar nauyi, tsananin farin ciki, yawan kamuwa da cuta da ciwon kai.
Duk waɗannan alamun sukari na hawan jini suna nuna hyperglycemia, wanda ke tattare da wasu matsaloli masu yawa. Amma amfani da mita na yau da kullun da jerin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje zasu taimaka ƙarshe ƙarshe kasancewarsa.
Bugu da kari, tsananin bayyanar da aka bayyana a sama ya dogara da tsananin tsananin cutar hyperglycemia. Idan ya inganta ba zato ba tsammani (ƙwayar carbohydrate a ƙananan matakan insulin), to, an fi bayyana shi sosai fiye da yanayin yanayin da ake ciki. Sau da yawa, ana ƙara yawan ƙaruwa a cikin taro na sukari a cikin ciwon sukari mai uncompensated, lokacin da jikin mai haƙuri ya dace da matakan glucose kullum.
Mutum zai iya fahimtar menene tasiri wannan ko wancan bayyanin yana da idan mutum yayi la'akari da tsarin kowane ɗayansu. Don haka, ƙishirwa ta samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa sukari abu ne na osmotic wanda ke jan hankalin ruwa. Sabili da haka, lokacin da hyperglycemia ya faru, ƙwayar ta fitar daga jiki a cikin ƙara yawan girma.
Don dawo da ma'aunin ruwa, jiki yana buƙatar adadin ruwa. Koyaya, jan hankalin kwayoyin halittar ruwa da yawa zuwa ga kwayar glucose suna shafar aikin kodan, wanda ya fara matsanancin tace abubuwa masu shigowa.
Sannan ana samun urination akai-akai da tsananin diureis. A lokaci guda, glucose a cikin ragin jini yana ɗaukar ƙwayoyin ruwa, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar matsin lamba akan asalin kumburi.
Bayyanar wata alama kamar busasshiyar baki shima yana da alaƙa da aikin osmotic na sukari. Haka kuma, idan matakinsa ya wuce 10 mmol / l, to ana samunsa a cikin fitsari, wanda ke sanya duk alamun da ke sama su bayyana.
Yawancin asarar nauyi ana yawan lura dashi a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari tare da raunin insulin. A wannan halin, glucose bazai shiga cikin tantanin halitta ba, kuma na karshen yana fuskantar matsananciyar yunwa. Daga wannan an kammala cewa asarar nauyi mai nauyi ta faru akan asalin gazawar samar da makamashi na jiki.
Tare da cututtukan da ba sa da insulin-insulin, akasin gaskiya ne. Wannan shine, a cikin marasa lafiya, nauyin jiki ba ya raguwa, amma a maimakon haka yana ƙaruwa. A sakamakon haka, juriyawar insulin ya bayyana, shine, ana samar da adadin adadin kwayoyin a cikin isasshen ko ma an cika su sosai, duk da haka, masu karɓar nauyin da ke tattare da tsarin ɗaurinsa basa aiki. Saboda wannan, sukari ba zai iya shiga tantanin halitta ba, amma matsananciyar yunwar ba ta rufe babban adadin mai.
Gajiya, ciwon kai da zazzabin cizon sauro na faruwa akan tushen yunwar kuzarin kwakwalwa, wanda baya samun adadin glucose da ya dace. A sakamakon haka, jiki dole ne ya sami makamashi ta hanyar hadawar hada-hadar kitse. Koyaya, wannan aikin yana taimakawa ga ci gaban ketonemia (jikin ketone mai yawa a cikin ragin jini), wanda ƙanshi na acetone ya fito daga bakin.
Rage warkad da nama mai santsi kuma ana danganta shi da isasshen shigar da makamashi a cikin sel. Orarfafawar da ba ta dace da tushen cututtukan hyperglycemia ba koyaushe yana haifar da ci gaba na purulent da tafiyar matakai a cikin yankin da abin ya shafa, tun da sukari shine matsakaici mai gina jiki don cuta.
Bugu da ƙari, leukocytes suna ba da gudummawa ga saurin warkarwa, aikin wanda shima ya dogara da glucose.
Rashin ƙarshen yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa leukocytes ba zai iya kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta ba kuma sun fara ninkawa da sauri.
Yaya za a tantance taro na glucose a cikin jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje?
Hanya mafi mahimmanci don gano matakan sukari da sukari shine ta hanyar gwajin haƙuri. Sau da yawa, irin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ana wajabta su don marasa nauyi da marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 45.
Ana gudanar da binciken tare da kasancewar 75 g na glucose. Hanyar aiwatarwa kamar haka:
- jinin azumi;
- sannan mara lafiya ya sha 200 ml na glucose din;
- bayan mintuna 120, ana sake yin gwajin jini.
Idan sakamakon ya sabawa haƙuri, to ƙimar glucose mai azumi shine 7 mmol / L da 7.8-11.1 mmol / L bayan shan maganin glucose.
Amsar ita ce rikicewar glucose a cikin komai a ciki, lokacin da hankali ya bambanta daga 6.1 zuwa 7.0 mmol / L, kuma bayan cin abin zaki shine ƙasa da 7.8 mmol / L.
Don fayyace sakamako, duban dan tayi na gwajin koda da gwajin jini ga enzymes yawanci ana yin su. Koyaya, koda za a ba wa mara lafiyar marainan ɓacin rai game da ciwon sukari, har yanzu yana yiwuwa a daidaita matakan glucose.
Don wannan, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar bin duk shawarwarin likita kuma ya bi tsarin abinci na musamman.
Abinci don hauhawar jini
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci wajen sarrafa taro shine yawan abinci a jiki. Don wannan, yana da mahimmanci a bi wasu ka'idodi.
Don haka, ya kamata ku ci sau 5-6 a rana, kuna ɗaukar abinci a cikin ƙananan rabo a lokacin da aka raba. A lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar sha 1-2 na ruwa na ruwa a rana.
Abincin dole ne ya ƙunshi abinci mai yalwar fiber da dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata, waɗannan yakamata su kasance abincin abinci don masu ciwon sukari. Hakanan kuna buƙatar cin kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa mara ruwa a kowace rana. Bugu da ƙari, saboda sukari ba zai iya tashi ba, yana da mahimmanci a daina cin abinci mai gishiri da barasa.
Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar low-kalori wanda basu haɓaka ƙoshin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba sun haɗa da:
- kifi mai laushi da nama;
- leda;
- hatsin rai
- kayayyakin kiwo tare da karancin mai mai;
- qwai, amma ba fiye da biyu a rana;
- porridge (oatmeal, shinkafa, buckwheat).
Na berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa, fifiko ya kamata a bai wa lemons, apples, Quince, pears, lingonberries, blueberries, ash and cranberries. Game da kayan lambu da ganye, ya kamata ku zaɓi tumatir, eggplant, letas, kararrawa, alayyafo, radish, cucumbers, kabeji, albasa, seleri, tafarnuwa, faski da dill. Duk samfuran dole ne a shirya su ta hanyar tafasa, sata ko tururi magani.
Wajibi ne a ƙi cin abincin dabbobi kuma a maye gurbinsu da mai kayan lambu. Ya kamata a fi son sukari na yau da kullun da kayan zaki, irin su fructose.
A cikin nau'ikan samfuran da aka haramta, tare da barazanar hyperglycemia, sune:
- mayonnaise da biredi iri daya;
- kayan kwalliya, kayan lemo da kayan abinci na gari (kek, pies, kek, lewi, cakulan, da sauransu);
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari (inabi, kankana, banana, strawberries) da' ya'yan itatuwa masu bushe;
- samfura mai kiba (cream, garin tsami na gida da madara);
- abincin gwangwani;
- abinci mai guba;
- kwakwalwan kwamfuta, kwakwalwar kwamfuta da abinci mai sauri;
- nama mai kitse.
Duk da haka an haramta shan giya mai sha, shayi da kofi tare da sukari. Duk wannan shine mafi kyawun maye gurbin ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ba a girmar da kayan ado na ganye tare da ƙari da yawan adadin zuma.
Don haka, har ma da ciwo na kullum, lura da yanayin ba mai sauƙi ba ne, amma zai yiwu. Koyaya, a cikin maganganun ci gaba na maganin rage cin abinci, ƙaddamar da halaye marasa kyau da ingantaccen tsarin rana bai isa ba. Sabili da haka, marasa lafiya dole ne a sha maganin rage sukari a koyaushe. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin ya ci gaba da magana game da sukarin jini.
