Bukatar insalin insulin ya tashi a cikin ciwon sukari na nau'in farko ko na biyu, lokacin da aiki na jiki da abinci mai dacewa ba zai iya daidaita matakan glucose ba.
Kafin yin amfani da insulin Detemir ya kamata ya fahimci yadda ake sarrafa hormone yadda yakamata, a cikin waɗannan lokuta ba za'a iya amfani dashi ba kuma menene sakamako na sakamako zai haifar.
Aikin magunguna na kayan
Ana yin insulin ta insemir ta amfani da kwayoyin halitta na deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) da ƙasan halayyar da ake kira Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Insulin shine babban sinadarin Levemir flekspen, wanda aka saki a cikin hanyar mafita a cikin alkalami 3 sirinji mai dacewa (300 PIECES).
Wannan analog na jikin mutum yana ɗaure wa masu karɓar sel kuma yana haifar da hanyoyin ƙirar halitta.
Analog na insulin na mutum yana inganta kunnawar hanyoyin da ke gaba a jikin mutum:
- tashin hankali na gulukos ta hanyar keɓaɓɓun sel da kyallen takarda;
- iko metabolism;
- hanawa na gluconeogenesis;
- karuwar aikin gina jiki;
- rigakafin lipolysis da proteolysis a cikin ƙwayoyin mai.
Godiya ga duk waɗannan hanyoyin, akwai raguwa a cikin yawan sukari jini. Bayan allurar insulin, Detemir ya sami babban tasiri bayan sa'oin 6-8.
Idan kun shigar da mafita sau biyu a rana, to ana samun daidaituwa na insulin bayan kashi biyu ko uku. Bambancin rushewar cikin gida na Detemir insulin ya ragu sosai da na wasu magungunan insulin basal.
Wannan kwayar tana da tasiri iri daya ga mace da namiji. Matsakaicin rarrabuwarsa kusan 0.1 l / kg.
Tsawon lokacin rabin rayuwar insulin wanda aka yiwa fata fata ya ta'allaka ne da yadda ake amfani da maganin kuma yakai kimanin awanni 5-7.
Umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
Likita yayi lissafin sashi na maganin, la'akari da yawan sukari a cikin masu ciwon suga.
Dole ne a daidaita allurai idan akwai wani batun cin abincin mara lafiya, karuwar ayyukan jiki ko kuma bayyanar wasu cututtukan. Ana iya amfani da insulin Detemir a matsayin babban magani, haɗe tare da insalin '' bolus 'ko kuma magungunan rage sukari.
Za a iya yin allura a cikin awanni 24 a kowane lokaci, babban abin lura shi ne kiyaye lokaci ɗaya kowace rana. Ka'idojin ka'idodi na gudanar da sinadarin hormone:
- Ana yin allura a karkashin fata zuwa cikin yankin, kafada, gindi ko cinya.
- Don rage yiwuwar lipodystrophy (cutar nama mai ƙiba), ya kamata a canza yankin allura akai-akai.
- Mutanen da suka haura shekara 60 da marasa lafiya da koda ko raunin hanta suna buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin glucose da kuma daidaitawar insulin sashi.
- Lokacin canja wurin daga wani magani ko kuma a matakin farko na far, yana da Dole a kula da matakin glycemia a hankali.
Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin lura da insulin Detemir ba ya ɗaukar ƙaruwa a cikin nauyin mai haƙuri. Kafin tafiye-tafiye masu tsawo, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar yin shawara da ƙwararrun masu kulawa game da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, tun lokacin da aka canza bangarorin lokaci yana gurbata jadawalin shan insulin.
Cutar kwantar da hankali na iya haifar da yanayin hauhawar jini - saurin haɓaka matakan sukari, ko da cutar ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari - take hakkin metabolism na metabolism sakamakon rashin insulin. Idan ba'a tuntuɓi likitan likita da sauri ba, sakamako na kisa na iya faruwa.
Hypoglycemia yana kasancewa ne lokacin da jiki ya yanke jiki ko kuma ba a cika shi da abinci ba, kuma sinadarin insulin, bi da bi, yana da girma sosai. Don haɓaka tarin glucose a cikin jini, kuna buƙatar cin ɗan sukari, mashaya cakulan, wani abu mai daɗi.
zazzabi ko ciwace-ciwace daban-daban sau da yawa suna kara buƙatar hormone. Sauya kashi na maganin zai iya zama dole a cikin ci gaban cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na hanta, hanta, glandon gland, glandon gland da glandon adrenal.
Lokacin haɗuwa da insulin da thiazolidinediones, wajibi ne don yin la'akari da gaskiyar cewa zasu iya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cututtukan zuciya da gazawar jiki.
Lokacin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, canje-canje a cikin taro da halayyar psychomotor yana yiwuwa.
Contraindications da yiwu cutar
Saboda haka, contraindications don amfani da insulin Detemir babu. Restrictionsuntarwar ta shafi damar mutum kawai zuwa kayan kuma shekaru biyu saboda gaskiyar cewa binciken da aka yi akan tasirin insulin akan ƙananan yara har yanzu ba a gudanar da su ba.
A lokacin haila, ana iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, amma a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita.
Yawancin karatu ba su bayyana sakamako masu illa ba a cikin mahaifiya da jaririnta tare da gabatarwar allurar insulin a lokacin haihuwarsa.
An yi imani cewa za a iya amfani da maganin tare da shayarwa, amma ba a gudanar da binciken ba. Don haka, ga uwaye masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa, likita ya daidaita yadda ake amfani da insulin, yana yin nauyi a gaban sa da amfani ga uwa da kuma hadarin da ke tattare da jaririnta.
Amma game da halayen da ba su dace da jiki ba, umarnin yin amfani da jerin suna da yawa:
- Halin hauhawar jini, wanda alamu ke nunawa kamar nutsuwa, rashin damuwa, fatar jiki, rawar jiki, ciwon kai, ruɗani, raɗaɗi, fainting, tachycardia. Wannan yanayin ana kuma kiransa insulin shock.
- Tsarin ciki na gida - kumburi da jan launi na allura, itching, da kuma bayyanar liyst dystrophy.
- Allergic halayen, angioedema, urticaria, rashes fata da kuma wuce kima gumi.
- Take hakkin narkewar fili - tashin zuciya, amai, ciwon mara, zawo.
- Rage numfashi, rage karfin jini.
- Rashin gani na gani - canji ne na tunani wanda ke haifar da kwayar cutar retinapathy (kumburin retina).
- Haɓaka ƙwayar jijiyoyin mahaifa.
Yawan shaye-shaye na miyagun ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da raguwar sukari cikin sauri. Tare da hypoglycemia mai sauƙi, mutum ya kamata ya cinye samfur a cikin carbohydrates.
A cikin mummunan yanayin mai haƙuri, musamman idan bai san komai ba, ana buƙatar asibiti da gaggawa. Likita ya haifar da maganin glucose ko glucagon a karkashin fata ko a karkashin tsoka.
Lokacin da mai haƙuri ya murmure, ana ba shi ɗan sukari ko cakulan don hana sake komawa sukari.
Yin hulɗa tare da wasu hanyoyi
Lokacin gudanar da rikicewar jiyya dangane da amfani da kwayoyi da yawa, aikin insulin zai iya raguwa da haɓaka.
Akwai jerin magunguna wadanda zasu iya shafar bukatar jikin dan adam a cikin sinadarin rage sukari.
Bayyanar insulin zuwa insulin ta:
- glucocorticosteroids;
- aidin dake dauke da sinadarin thyroid;
- hana haifuwa don amfani da baki;
- thiazide diuretics;
- tricyclic antidepressants;
- somatropin, heparin da mai juyayi;
- masu maganin tashin zuciya;
- clonidine, diazoxide da phenytoin;
- morphine, danazole da nicotine.
Effectarfafa sakamakon rage ƙarfin sukari na insulin yana faruwa lokacin cinyewa:
- Masu hana ATP;
- MAO masu hanawa;
- cututtukan hypoglycemic don amfani da baka;
- carbonic anhydrase inhibitors;
- magungunan anabolic steroid, bromocriptine;
- sulfonamides, tetracyclines, ketoconazole;
- Clofibrate, mebendazole, theophylline, pyridoxine;
- marasa zaɓi na beta-blockers;
- magunguna na lithium, fenfluramine;
- giya da shirye-shirye tare da ethanol.
Salicylates, reserpins, lanreotides da octreotides na iya samun tasiri daban-daban akan buƙatar homon, da haɓaka ko rage shi. Yin amfani da beta-blockers yana rufe alamun bayyanar cututtuka na hypoglycemia. Bai kamata a ɗauka insulin tare da magunguna ba, ciki har da thiols ko sulfites, tunda suna lalata tsarinta.
Hakanan baza'a iya amfani da hormone ba tare da maganin jiko.
Kudin, sake dubawa, makamantan hakan
Magungunan Levemir flekspen, mai aiki wanda shine Detemir insulin, ana siyar dashi ne a shagunan magunguna da kuma magungunan kan layi.
Zaka iya siyan magungunan kawai tare da takardar izinin likita.
Magungunan suna da tsada sosai, farashinsa ya bambanta daga 2560 zuwa 2900 rubles na Rasha. Dangane da wannan, ba kowane mai haƙuri ne zai iya ba.
Koyaya, sake duba insulin na insulin na da inganci. Yawancin masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ke allura tare da hormone na humanoid sun lura da waɗannan fa'idodin:
- raguwa a hankali na sukari na jini;
- kiyaye sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi na kusan kwana ɗaya;
- sauƙi na amfani da sirinji alƙaluma;
- da wuya abin ya faru na halayen da ba su dace ba
- rike da nauyin mai ciwon sukari a mataki daya
Samun ƙimar glucose na al'ada zai yiwu ne kawai ta bin duk ka'idodin aikin maganin cutar sankara. Wannan ba wai kawai allurar insulin bane, amma har da aikin motsa jiki, wasu ƙuntatawa na abinci da kuma tsayayyen iko na maida hankali kan ƙwayar jini. Yarda da ingantattun sashi na da matukar muhimmanci, tunda ana cire jini, da kuma sakamakonsa mai wahala.
Idan magani don wasu dalilai bai dace da mai haƙuri ba, likitan na iya ba da wani magani. Misali, insulin Isofan, wanda shine kwatancen kwayar halittar dan adam, wanda injin halittar jini yake samarwa. Ana amfani da Isofan ba kawai a cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko da na biyu ba, har ma a cikin tsarin gestational (a cikin mata masu juna biyu), cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, da kuma ayyukan tiyata.
Tsawon lokacin aikinsa yana da ƙasa da na Detemir insulin, duk da haka, Isofan shima yana da kyakkyawan tasirin hypoglycemic. Yana da kusan halayen masu illa iri ɗaya, wasu kwayoyi na iya shafar tasiri. Ana samun sashin Isofan a cikin magunguna da yawa, alal misali, Humulin, Rinsulin, Pensulin, Gansulin N, Biosulin N, Insuran, Protafan da sauransu.
Tare da amfani da insulin Detemir na dama, zaku iya kawar da alamun cutar sankara. Ana amfani da magungunan analogues, shirye-shiryen dauke da insulin Isofan, zasu taimaka lokacin da aka haramta amfani da maganin. Yadda yake aiki da kuma dalilin da yasa kuke buƙatar insulin - a cikin bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin.
