Kowace shekara, karuwa game da ciwon sukari yana haifar da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari.
Ba ban da rawar gado da abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli, salon rayuwa da tsarin abinci mai gina jiki sun ƙayyade yiwuwar haɓakar wannan cutar. Rage aiki, matsananciyar damuwa, da abinci mai ladabi suna bayyana dalilin da yasa mutane ke samun ciwon sukari sau da yawa a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa.
A lokaci guda, halayen ladabi na kasa ga wasu kayayyakin abinci suna rage aukuwar hakan a kasashen gabashin Asiya da haɓaka a Turai.
Dalilai na ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 1
Abubuwan haɗari don kamuwa da 1 na kamuwa sune ƙwayoyin cuta ko gubobi waɗanda ke aiki akan sassan ƙwayoyin chromosomes waɗanda ke da alhakin maganin rigakafi. Bayan wannan, lalacewar kai tsaye daga sassan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da ke tattare da insulin yana farawa.
Kwayoyin Beta sun zama baƙon jiki ga jiki, ana maye gurbinsu da kayan haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Kwayoyin cuta na Coxsackie, chickenpox, mumps da cytomegaloviruses suma zasu iya lalata pancreas kai tsaye, wanda ke haifar da karuwa cikin hanzari cikin alamun cutar sankara.
Tunda karuwar haɓakar waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta ya fi yiwuwa a cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, haɗarin ciwon sukari a cikin waɗannan watanni ya fi girma. Suma suna fama da cutar sankara yayin kamuwa da cutar kumburin ciki da kuma cututtukan hepatitis.
Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari a cikin ci gabansa ya wuce matakai 6:
- Lahani a cikin kwayoyin halittar da ke yankin da ke da alhakin rigakafi (sanadin gado ga ciwon sukari).
- Lokacin farawa shine kwayar cuta, magunguna, abubuwa masu guba. Kwayoyin Beta sun lalace kuma kayan farawa suke farawa. Marasa lafiya suna da ƙananan adadin ƙwayoyin rigakafi zuwa sel sel, amma sam ba a rage samar da insulin ba.
- Insulin na autoimmune. Titin antibody yana ƙaruwa, ƙwayoyin da ke cikin tsibirin na Langerhans sun zama ƙarami, haɓaka da kuma sakin insulin ya ragu.
- Saboda shigarwar glucose daga abinci, ragewar insulin ya ragu. Tare da halayen damuwa, mai haƙuri ya karu da yin gwajin haƙuri da glucose mai haƙuri.
- Clinic na ciwon sukari, insulin a cikin jiki ya kusan akwai.
- Cikakkiyar mutuwar ƙwayoyin beta, katsewar ƙwayar insulin.
Tare da lalacewar cututtukan fata, akwai wani ɓoye, daidai lokacin da lalacewa ke ci gaba, amma har yanzu babu alamun cutar sankara. A wannan lokacin, sigogi na gwajin haƙuri glucose da glucose na al'ada shine al'ada. Don gano cutar sankarau a wannan matakin, ana amfani da gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi zuwa cututtukan fata.
Bayyanar cututtukan fata suna bayyana ne kawai bayan kashi 80-97% na sel suna mutu. A wannan lokacin, alamun cututtukan sukari da sauri suna haɓaka, tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba tare da izini ba sun juya zuwa rikitarwa na farin ciki idan mai haƙuri bai shiga insulin ba.
Bayyanar cututtuka na nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari ana nuna shi ta haɓaka insulin autoimmune, wanda a ciki aka samar da rigakafi ga abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwayoyin beta da kuma insulin. Haka kuma, saboda canje-canje a cikin tsarin chromosomes, ikon sel sel don murmurewa ya ɓace. A yadda aka saba, bayan aikin ƙwayoyin cuta ko abubuwa masu guba, ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta suna farfadowa cikin matsakaita na kwanaki 20.
Har ila yau, akwai hanyar haɗi tsakanin ciyarwar mutum da ciwon sukari na dogaro da insulin. Amfani da madara saniya yayi kama da furotin na beta na jikin tsarinsa. Tsarin rigakafi yana ba da amsa gareshi ta hanyar samar da ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke kara lalata ƙwayoyin kansu.
Don haka, yara masu haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari, don kada su kamu da rashin lafiya, farkon watanni na rayuwa ya kamata a shayar da mama.
Me yasa nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ya faru?
Halin gado na nau'in ciwon sukari na biyu shima yana da mahimmanci, amma yana ƙaddara yanayin tsinkayar cutar, wanda bazai haɓaka ba. A cikin mutane waɗanda kusancin danginsu ke da ciwon sukari, haɗarin yana ƙaruwa da 40%. Hakanan akwai tabbatuwa game da irin wannan nau'in cutar a cikin al'ummomin kabilu.
Babban dalilin ƙara yawan glucose na jini a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 shine juriya na insulin. Wannan yana da alaƙa da rashin iyawar insulin don ɗaure wa masu karɓar sel. A halin yanzu, duka juriya na insulin da kanta da kiba mai haifar da shi ana iya watsa shi.
Nau'in cuta ta biyu da ke haɗuwa da ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da raguwa a cikin samar da insulin ta hanyar ƙwayoyin beta ko asarar su a cikin martani ga karuwar sukari jini bayan abincin da ke dauke da carbohydrates.
Akwai kuma nau'i na musamman na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan jini - cututtukan yara. Yana da kusan 15% na ciwon sukari na 2. Wannan nau'in alamun yana nuna shi ga waɗannan alamun:
- Rage matsakaici a cikin aikin salula.
- Fara tun yana da shekara 25.
- Matsakaici ko rage nauyin jiki.
- Rashin ci gaba na ketoacidosis
- Rashin jure insulin.
Don haɓaka nau'in na biyu a cikin tsofaffi, manyan abubuwan sune kiba da atherosclerosis. A wannan yanayin, babban hanyar da ke tantance ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka shine juriyawar insulin. An haɗu da shi tare da kiba, hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, haɓaka cholesterol a cikin jini da atherosclerosis a cikin sananniyar cuta na rayuwa.
Sabili da haka, kasancewar ɗayan alamun na iya zama alamarta. Duk wani mutum bayan shekara arba'in dole ne ya yi nazarin karas da ƙwayar metabolism, musamman tare da tsinkayar cutar sankara.
Tare da juriya na insulin, yawan masu karɓar insulin a cikin kyallen takan raguwa, ƙara yawan glucose a cikin jini yana haifar da samar da insulin mafi girma. Hyperinsulinemia yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa sel beta sun daina fahimtar karuwa a cikin glucose jini.
Samun insulin baya ƙaruwa a lokacin cin abinci - karancin insulin yana tasowa. Wannan yana haifar da rushewar glycogen a cikin hanta da kuma aiki na glucose. Duk wannan yana inganta haɓakar hyperglycemia.
Kiba yana ƙaruwa da haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari sau biyar tare da aji na 1, da sau 10 tare da na uku. Tashin mai yana da rawa - nau'in ciki shine mafi yawan lokuta ana haɗuwa tare da hauhawar jini, haɓakar mai mai rauni da haɓakar rashin daidaituwa na glucose a kan asalin ƙara yawan insulin a cikin jini.
Akwai kuma “rashin isasshen maganin halitta”. An ba da shawarar cewa idan mahaifiyar ba ta rashin abinci mai gina jiki yayin daukar ciki, yarinyar tana cikin haɗarin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sukari a cikin matsakaitan shekaru. Sakamakon iri ɗaya yana iya samun tsawon watanni 1 zuwa 3.
Dangane da Jagoran Malaman cutar sankara R.A. de fronzo type 2 ciwon sukari na faruwa lokacin da ƙarfin jiki na amsa insulin ya lalace. Muddin ta'azzara ta kara samarda insulin domin shawo kan tsayayyawar nama a wannan yanayin, ana kiyaye matakan glucose a cikin kewayon al'ada.
Amma a kan lokaci, ajiyar da yake yi ya ragu, kuma alamun ciwon sukari na ci gaba. Ba a riga an bayyana dalilan wannan abin al'ajabin ba, har ma da karancin maganin cututtukan fitsari a yayin shaye-shaye.
Sanadin cutar sankarau a cikin mata masu juna biyu
Daga misalin mako na 20 na ciki, kwayoyin halittun da mahaifa ke haifarwa ya shiga jikin matar. Aikin wadannan kwayoyin halittar shine kiyaye juna biyu. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: estrogen, placental lactogen, cortisol.
Duk waɗannan kwayoyin sunadarai ne na ƙasa, wato, aiki don haɓaka matakan sukari. Wannan yana toshe damar insulin gudanar da glucose a cikin sel. A cikin jikin mace mai ciki, juriyawar insulin yana tasowa.
A cikin amsa, ƙwanƙwasa yana son samar da ƙarin insulin. Haɓaka matakinsa yana haifar da adadin kiba mai yawa da hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia. Matakan karfin jini na iya karuwa.
Duk waɗannan canje-canje bayan haihuwa sun dawo al'ada. Haɓaka ciwon sukari a cikin mata masu juna biyu yana da alaƙa da tsinkayen gado da abubuwan haɗari. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Kiba
- Ciwon sukari a cikin dangi.
- Shekaru sama da 25 kenan.
- Haihuwar da ta gabata ta faru ne tare da haihuwar babban tayi (sama da kilogiram 4).
- Akwai tarihin ɓarna, haihuwar ɗa tare da ɓarna, halin haihuwa ko polyhydramnios.
Yin rigakafin ciwon sukari
Duk halayen haɗari don haɓakar ciwon sukari ba tabbacin 100% bane na aukuwar sa. Sabili da haka, don hana wannan cuta mai rauni, ya zama dole ga duk wanda ya sami ɗayansu su bi shawarar da ke rage yiwuwar ƙwayar cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
Babban mahimmancin rigakafin shine ƙin sukari da duk abin da aka dafa shi da shi. A wannan yanayin, jiki ba zai wahala ba, saboda akwai isasshen carbohydrates a cikin kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa da hatsi. Hakanan yana amfani da samfurori daga farin gari na mafi girman daraja. Theseaukar waɗannan abincin yana haɓaka matakan glucose na jini da ƙarfi kuma yana kwantar da insulin. Idan akwai hali don rushe aiki da kayan aiki na rula, irin wannan haushi yana haifar da canji a cikin kowane nau'ikan matakan metabolism.
Lokaci na biyu yana da alaƙa da yanayin aikin hawan mai. Don rage cholesterol, duk abincin da ke cike da ƙoshin dabbobi mai ƙarewa an cire shi daga abinci - alade mai ɗimbin yawa, naman kaji, rago, kwakwalwa, hanta, zuciya. Wajibi ne a rage amfani da mai mai tsami, kirim da cuku gida, man shanu.
An ba da shawarar a tafasa ko kuma stew abinci, gasa, amma kada a soya. Tare da cututtukan da ke tattare da cututtukan hanji ko na huhun ciki, duk kayan yaji, kyafaffen abinci da kayan gwangwani, kayan miya da kayan ƙanshi ya kamata a watsar da su.
Dokokin abinci mai gina jiki don haɗarin ciwon sukari:
- Matsakaicin amfani da samfuran halitta
- Amincewa daga kwakwalwan kwamfuta, 'yan leda, abinci mai sauri, abubuwan sha mai cike da gishiri, kayan juji da biredi na samar da masana'antu, kayayyakin da aka gama da su.
- Cin abinci hatsi gaba ɗaya, baƙi, baƙi, hatsi daga hatsi gabaɗaya, maimakon hatsi nan take.
- Tsarin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin sa'o'i guda a cikin ƙananan rabo, guje wa yunwa.
- Don shayar da ƙishirwa, amfani da tsabta ruwa.
- Sausages, sausages, kyafaffen nama da kuma cinye nama tare da dyes da preservatives an maye gurbinsu da leats nama.
- Mafi kyawun zaɓin furotin sune kifin mai-mai, abincin teku, cuku mai gida har zuwa 9% mai, kefir, yogurt ko yogurt.
- Dole ne menu ya zama sabo kayan lambu a cikin nau'i na salatin tare da ganye da man kayan lambu.
A ƙarshe, ba a fayyace dalilan da suka sa mutane rashin lafiya da ciwon sukari ba, amma an dogara da shi sosai cewa abinci, shan sigari da barasa da aikin jiki yana hana cututtuka da dama, gami da ciwon sukari. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai nuna dalla-dalla dalilin da ya sa ciwon sukari ya hauhawa.
