Ana aiwatar da maganin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ta amfani da kwayoyi waɗanda, in ba tare da samar da sinadarin nasu ba (insulin), na iya rage ƙwayar cutar glycemia da kuma hana rikicewar cutar.
Dukkanin magunguna za'a iya kasu kashi biyu manyan rukuni: insulins na durations daban-daban na aiki da magungunan da aka tsara. A cikin nau'in farko na ciwon sukari, marasa lafiya suna buƙatar insulin, lura da marasa lafiya da ke dauke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ya haɗa da haɗuwa da haɗuwa da magani a gaban alamomin mutum.
Gudanar da aikin insulin yana haifar da dabi'ar kwaikwayo na halitta na samarwa da sakin hormone daga ƙwayoyin islet na pancreas, sabili da haka, ana buƙatar magunguna tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci, matsakaici da tsayi.
Yaya insulin tare da protamine yake aiki?
An saka wani abu na musamman wanda ake kira protamine a cikin insulins masu matsakaici don rage jinkirin shan ƙwayoyi daga wurin allura. Godiya ga protamine, farkon raguwar sukari jini yana farawa awanni biyu zuwa hudu bayan gudanarwa.
Matsakaicin sakamako yana faruwa bayan sa'o'i 4 zuwa 9, kuma tsawon lokacin yana daga 10 zuwa 16 hours. Irin waɗannan sigogi na adadin farawa na tasirin sakamako na hypoglycemic yana sa ya yiwu wa waɗannan insulins su maye gurbin aikin ɓoye asalin halitta.
Protamine yana haifar da haifar da lu'ulu'u na insulin a cikin flakes, don haka bayyanar insulin din protamine tana da gajimare, kuma dukkan shirye-shirye na gajeruwar insulins a bayyane. Abun da ya hada magungunan ya hada da sinadarin zinc, sodium phosphate, phenol (abin kariya) da glycerin. Ilaya daga cikin milliliter na dakatarwar protamine-zinc-insulin ya ƙunshi PIECES 40 na hormone.
Shirye-shiryen insulin din protamine wanda RUE Belmedpreparaty ke da suna na kasuwanci Protamine-Insulin ChS. Irin wannan sakamako ne aka bayyana hanyoyin aiwatar da wannan magunguna:
- Yin hulɗa tare da mai karɓa a kan membrane na sel.
- Samuwar hadaddun mai karɓar insulin.
- A cikin sel na hanta, tsokoki da tsotse nama, an fara samar da enzymes.
- Gilashin jiki suna dauke da jiki kuma suna dauke da su.
- Ana saurin jigilar ƙwayar glucose ta cikin jiki.
- Samuwar kitse, furotin da glycogen yana motsawa.
- A cikin hanta, samuwar sababbin kwayoyin glucose yana raguwa.
Duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna da niyyar rage matakin glucose a cikin jini da amfani da shi don samar da makamashi a cikin tantanin halitta. Matsakaicin farawa da jimlar aikin Protamine insulin ES ya dogara da gwargwadon sarrafawa, hanyar da wurin allura.
A cikin wannan mutumin, waɗannan sigogi na iya bambanta ranaku daban-daban.
Alamu don amfani da sashi na maganin
Ana nuna shirye-shiryen insulinine-zinc-insulin ga marasa lafiya da nau'in farko na mellitus na ciwon sukari, kuma ana iya bada shawara don hawan jini a cikin nau'in cuta ta biyu.
Wannan na iya zama tare da juriya ga allunan don rage sukarin jini, tare da ƙari da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ko wasu cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, har ma a lokacin daukar ciki. Marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus suma ana tura su zuwa insulin therapy idan ciwon sukari yana haɗuwa da matsanancin rikicewa ko cuta na jijiyoyin jiki.
Magunguna kamar su protamine-zinc-insulin ana nunawa idan an yiwa tiyata ya zama dole idan an fara gano cutar sikari kuma lambobin glycemic sun yi yawa sosai ko kuma idan akwai magungunan hana daukar ciki.
Ana aiwatar da insulinine-insulin na subcutaneously, sashi yana dogara da alamun hyperglycemia na mutum kuma ana kirga shi a matsakaita da 1 kg na nauyin jiki. Gudanarwar yau da kullun daga 0.5 zuwa 1 naúrar.
Fasali na miyagun ƙwayoyi:
- Ana sarrafa shi kawai subcutaneously. An hana gudanarwar cikin ciki ta dakatar da insulin.
- Ana ajiye kwalban da aka rufe a cikin firiji, kuma lokacin amfani dashi a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri 25 har zuwa makonni 6.
- Adana kwayar insulin da aka yi amfani dashi a zazzabi a daki (har zuwa 25 ° C) na tsawon makonni 6.
- Yanayin zafin jiki na insulin tare da gabatarwar ya kamata ya zama zazzabi dakin.
- A ƙarƙashin rinjayar zafi, hasken rana kai tsaye, daskarewa, insulin yana ƙone kayan ta.
- Kafin sarrafa protamine, dole ne a birgine insulin zinc a cikin dabino har sai yayi laushi da gajimare. Idan ba za a iya yin wannan ba, to ba a gudanar da maganin ba.
Za'a iya zaɓar wurin allurar gwargwadon sha'awar mai haƙuri, amma dole ne a ɗauka da shi a zuciya cewa yana ɗauka a hankali kuma a hankali daga cinya. Matsayi na biyu da aka ba da shawarar shi ne yankin kafada (ƙwayar tsoka). Kowane lokaci kuna buƙatar zaɓar sabon wuri a cikin yanki ɗaya na ciki don hana lalata lalata ƙwaƙwalwar subcutaneous.
Idan an wajabta mai haƙuri tsarin kulawa da insulin, to, ana aiwatar da aikin insulinine zinc insulin da safe ko da yamma, kuma lokacin da aka nuna, sau biyu (safe da maraice). Kafin cin abinci, ana amfani da gajeren nau'in insulin.
A cikin nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari, gaggawa na Protamine-insulin mafi yawan lokuta ana gudanar dashi a hade tare da magungunan glypoglycemic, waɗanda aka wajabta don gudanar da maganin baka, don inganta tasirin su.
Abubuwan da suka shafi Magungunan Insulin
Mafi rikitarwa na maganin insulin shine raguwa a cikin matakan glucose jini a ƙasa da matakan al'ada. An sauƙaƙe wannan ta rashin abinci mai gina jiki tare da ƙananan adadin carbohydrates da kuma babban adadin insulin, abinci na tsalle, damuwa na jiki, canza wurin allura.
Hypoglycemia yana haifar da cututtukan concomitant, musamman waɗanda ke da zazzabi, zawo, amai, da kuma haɗin gwiwar magunguna waɗanda ke haɓaka aikin insulin.
Nan da nan bayyanar cututtuka na hypoglycemia na hali ne don maganin insulin. Mafi sau da yawa, marasa lafiya suna jin yanayin damuwa, tsananin farin ciki, gumi mai sanyi, hannayen da ke rawar jiki, rauni mai ban mamaki, ciwon kai da bugun zuciya.
Fatar ta zama mara nauyi, yunwar tana ƙaruwa lokaci guda kamar yadda tashin zuciya ke faruwa. Sannan hankali ya rikice kuma mara lafiya ya fadi cikin rashin lafiya. Raguwar da aka ambata a cikin sukari na jini yana rushe kwakwalwa kuma idan ba a kula da su ba, marasa lafiya suna cikin haɗarin mutuwa.
Idan mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari yana da hankali, to, zaku iya sauƙaƙe harin ta amfani da sukari ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai laushi, cookies. Tare da babban digiri na hypoglycemia, ana gudanar da wani aikin kwantar da hankali na glucose da kuma glucagon na ciki. Bayan inganta jin daɗin rayuwa, tabbas mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ci don kada a sake samun hare-hare.
Zaɓin kashi mara kyau ko gudanarwa wanda aka rasa zai iya haifar da harin hyperglycemia a cikin marasa lafiyar da suka dogara da insulin. Alamominsa suna ƙaruwa a hankali, mafi kyawun halayen su ne bayyanar su a cikin fewan awanni, wani lokacin har zuwa kwana biyu. Tsoro yana ƙaruwa, fitowar fitsari yana ƙaruwa, ci abinci yana raguwa.
Sannan akwai tashin zuciya, amai, ƙanshi na acetone daga bakin. Idan babu insulin, mara lafiya ya faɗi a cikin rashin lafiyan coma. Ana buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa don cutar sikari da ƙungiyar motar asibiti.
Don madaidaicin zaɓi na kashi, yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa lokacin da mara lafiyar ko cututtukan haɗin gwiwa suka canza, ana buƙatar daidaita magani. An nuna wannan a cikin irin waɗannan halayen:
- Rashin lafiyar glandon thyroid.
- Cututtukan hanta ko koda, musamman ma a cikin tsufa.
- Kwayar cuta ta kamuwa da cuta.
- Activityara yawan motsa jiki.
- Sauyawa zuwa wani abinci.
- Canza nau'in insulin, mai samarwa, canji daga dabba zuwa mutum.
Yin amfani da inulin da kwayoyi daga rukunin thiazolidinediones (Aktos, Avandia) yana kara haɗarin rashin karfin zuciya. Sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya da ke fama da rauni a zuciya su lura da nauyin jikinsu don gano bugun zuciya.
Allergic halayen na iya zama na gida a cikin hanyar kumburi, redness, ko itching fata. Yawancin lokaci gajere ne kuma suna wucewa da kansu. Bayyanannun bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiyar jiki suna haifar da irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka: fitsari a jiki, tashin zuciya, angioedema, tachycardia, gajeriyar numfashi. Lokacin da suka faru, ana yin aikin kwantar da hankali na musamman.
Protamine-insulin gaggawa yana contraindicated idan akwai wani tashin hankali mutum da hypoglycemia.
Protamine na Insulin yayin daukar ciki da lactation
Tun da insulin bai ƙetare mahaifa ba, lokacin daukar ciki ana iya amfani dashi don rama ciwon suga. Lokacin da ake shirin yin juna biyu, ana nuna cikakken bincike na mata masu ciwon sukari.
Kashi na farko ya fara aiki a kan asalin rage girman bukatar insulin, sai na biyu da na uku tare da karuwa a hankali kan magungunan da ake sarrafawa. bayan haihuwa, ana yin maganin insulin a allurai saba. A lokacin isarwa, raguwa mai yawa a cikin adadin maganin da aka sarrafa zai iya faruwa.
Za'a iya haɗawa da aikin insulin, tunda insulin ba zai iya shiga cikin madarar nono ba. Amma canje-canje a cikin yanayin hormonal na mata suna buƙatar ƙarin ma'aunin muni na matakan glycemia da zaɓi na abubuwan da suka dace.
Haɗin insulin tare da wasu magunguna
Ayyukan insulin yana haɓaka lokacin haɗe tare da allunan rage sukari, beta-blockers, sulfonamides, tetracycline, lithium, bitamin B6.
Bromocriptine, magungunan anabolic steroid. Hypoglycemia na iya faruwa tare da haɗakar insulin da ketokenazole, clofibrate, mebendazole, cyclophosphamide, kazalika da barasa na ethyl.
Marasa lafiya suna sha'awar wannan tambaya game da yadda ake rage insulin a cikin jini. Nicotine, morphine, clonidine, danazole, maganin hana haihuwa, heparin, thiazide diuretics, glucocorticosteroids, tricyclic antidepressants, hormones na thyroid, mai juyayi mai juyayi da kuma maganin antioxists na iya rage aikin insulin.
Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin ya faɗi lokacin da ake buƙatar insulin da yadda ake yin allura.
