Yadda za a sha gemoclobin glycated: a kan komai a ciki ko a'a?

Abin takaici, yawan mutanen da aka kamu da cutar sankara na karuwa kowace shekara. Bayan sun ƙaddamar da gwajin jini, dole ne a ci gaba da yin gwajin gwajin cutar haemoglobin, yadda za a sha shi a cikin komai a ciki ko a'a, likitan halartar ya yanke shawarar.

An tsara irin wannan binciken lokacin da mara lafiya ya bayyana ƙara yawan ƙwayar sukari a cikin ƙwayar fata mai ɓacin rai ko mara nauyi. Ya bayyana cikakken hoto game da cutar, tare da taimakonsa yana yiwuwa a tsayar da nau'in ciwon sukari.

Koyaya, gwajin haemoglobin yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa: yana nuna matsakaicin glucose jini a cikin watanni ukun da suka gabata. Mecece kuma yadda ake ɗauka? Bari muyi kokarin gano ta.

Menene ma'anar haemoglobin?

Kasancewa kwayar furotin ta musamman, haemoglobin wani bangare ne na sel jini. Babban aikinta shi ne canja wurin oxygen daga huhu zuwa ga dukkan tsokoki na jiki, kuma daga gare su - dawowar carbon dioxide (CO₂) baya zuwa huhu. Wannan kwayar halittar furotin wani bangare ne na dukkan kwayoyin halitta wadanda suke da tsarin kewaya.

Hemoglobin ya kasu kashi da yawa, amma haemoglobin-A ana ganin ya zama na kowa. Wannan nau'in yana da kashi 95% na jimami na haemoglobin a jiki. Hemoglobin-A kuma ya kasu kashi da yawa, wanda ɗayan shine A1C. Shine wanda ya iya ɗaure wa glucose, wanda ake kira glycation ko glycation. Kuma da yawa masana kimiyyar ilimin halittu suna kiran wadannan hanyoyin aika aikar.

Ofimar maganin haemoglobin mai glycated tana taimakawa wajen ƙayyade ko rashin aiki na ƙwayar carbohydrate, musamman ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in. Akwai dangantaka ta kai tsaye tsakanin matakin glucose da kuma tasirin glycation: mafi girman sukari na jini, ƙarin glycation.

Tsawon lokacin binciken ya kasance ne saboda gaskiyar cewa tsawon rayuwa da kuma aiki da kwayoyin halittar jini suke yi na kimanin watanni uku.

Sabili da haka, ana kula da maida hankali ga glucose daidai a cikin wadannan zangunan.

Wanene yake buƙatar gwadawa?

Idan muka gwada gwajin jini don sukari da gwajin jini ga gemoclobin jini, to, ƙarshen shine ainihin gaskiya.

Lokacin ƙaddamar da bincike na yau da kullun, sakamakon zai iya rinjayar abubuwa da yawa, alal misali, mai haƙuri zai iya yin nisa sosai tare da Sweets, samun wani cutar ko hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo, ya tsira da tashin hankali, da makamantansu. Nazarin don haemoglobin na glycated, wanda aka gudanar tsawon watanni uku, na iya nuna daidai haƙuri da haƙuri na haƙuri.

Akwai ka'idojin wannan binciken don mutane masu lafiya. Amma tare da haɓakar ciwon sukari, matakin sukari ya wuce waɗannan ƙimar al'ada. An gudanar da binciken ne ba kawai don sanin nau'in cutar ba, har ma don nazarin tasirin magani. Game da sakamakon gwaji mai girma, likita yana daidaita tsarin kulawa da mara haƙuri, ko dai shine insulin therapy ko shan magungunan hypoglycemic.

Don haka, kwararrun halartar zasu tsara sashin binciken a cikin halaye masu zuwa:

• bincike da tabbatar da ingancin magani;
• kulawa na dogon lokaci game da cutar sankara;
• ƙarin bayani don nazarin haƙuri game da haƙuri;
• jarrabawar mace yayin haihuwar yaro don sanin ciwon sukari.

Kamar kowane binciken, gwajin haemoglobin yana da halaye da ka'idodi na bayarwa, wanda dole ne a bi shi da duk mahimmancin lamarin.

Dokoki don yin shiri don bincike

A zahiri, shiri don bada gudummawar jini bashi da dokoki na musamman. Da yawa suna sha'awar yadda ake ɗaukar shi: a kan komai a ciki ko a'a? Ba damuwa, saboda haka ba lallai bane ka damu idan mutum ba zato ba tsammani ya sha kopin shayi ko kofi da safe. Nazarin da aka yi na kusan watanni uku zai iya sanin jimlar gemoclobin glygated.

Don bincike, ana ɗaukar jinin venous, yawanci ƙarar shinge shine santimita 3 cubic. Haka kuma, ana iya isar da shi a kowane lokaci na rana, kuma ba kawai da safe ba. Jarrabawar ba za ta shafi jin daɗin haƙuri ko magani ba. Amma mahimmancin zubar jini kafin binciken ya gurbata sakamakon sa. Wannan kuma ya shafi matan da ke fama da tsauraran lokaci. Sabili da haka, a cikin irin wannan lokacin, mai haƙuri ya kamata yayi magana da likita, wanda zai jinkirta gwajin na wani lokaci.

Lokacin da mara lafiya ya karbi sakamakon gwajin hannu, kuma wannan yawanci ba ya wuce kwanaki 3, yana ganin "HbA1c" - wannan shine ƙirar gwajin don gwajin haemoglobin. Ana iya nuna darajar a cikin raka'a daban-daban, alal misali, a cikin%, mmol / mol, mg / dl da mmol / L.

Abinda ke damun marasa lafiya wadanda ke yin bincike a karon farko shine farashin.

Idan kun ba da gudummawar jini a asibiti mai zaman kansa, to, a matsakaita dole ne ku ciyar daga 300 zuwa 1200 rubles.

Imar al'ada na haemoglobin na yau da kullun

Abubuwan da ke nuna alamar haemoglobin suna da 'yanci daga jinsi da shekaru.

A cikin mutane masu lafiya, dabi'un sun haɗu daga 4 zuwa 6%.

Ragowar mai nuna alama sama ko ƙasa na iya nuna cin zarafin metabolism da ciwon sukari.

Wadannan abubuwa masu dauke da haemoglobin masu zuwa suna kwatanta matsayin jikin mutum:

1. Daga 4 zuwa 6% shine madaidaici.
2. Daga 5.7 zuwa 6.5% cin zarafin haƙuri ne, wanda ke iya nuna ci gaban ciwon suga.
3. Daga 6.5% - ciwon sukari.

Bugu da kari, koda mutum na cikin koshin lafiya, yakamata yaci wannan gwajin daga lokaci zuwa lokaci idan yana da dangi masu dauke da cutar siga.

Matan da ke da juna biyu su ma suna bukatar a gwada su saboda cutar sankara a cikin hanji. Yayin haihuwar yaro, wasu canje-canje suna faruwa a jikin mahaifiyar mai tsammani, musamman abubuwan haɓaka. Mahaifa yana samar da kwayoyin halittun da ke lalata insulin. Sakamakon haka, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba ta jimre wa nauyin ba, ƙwayar mace ba ta da matsala. Suna yin bincike da farko lokacin da:

• kwayoyin halittar jini ga ciwon sukari;
• kiba;
• polyhydramnios;
• kwayar polycystic;
• sake haihuwa tayi.

Menene halaye na gemoclobin na glycated don ciwon sukari? Wannan cuta tana shafar mata fiye da maza. An yi imani da cewa mafi kyawun ƙimar cutar ciwon sukari shine 6.5%, don haka marasa lafiya yakamata suyi ƙoƙarin cimma wannan alamar. Sauran manuniya na iya nuna:

1. Fiye da 6% - sukari mai yawa.
2. Fiye da 8% - gazawar magani.
3. Fiye da 12% - ana buƙatar asibiti mai gaggawa.

A aikace, ba shakka, ba kowa bane yake samun nasarar kaiwa ga mai nuna 6.5%, amma kada ku damu, saboda matakin glycated haemoglobin yana shafar kowannen mutum da cututtukan haɗin gwiwa.

A kowane hali, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar likita wanda zai bayyana komai a cikin hanya mai sauƙi.

Dalilai na kara ko rage alamun

Cutar sankarau ba shine kawai dalilin canji a matakan HbA1c ba.

Don tantance abin da ya shafi abin da ke ciki, ya wajaba a gudanar da cikakken bincike.

Baya ga “cutar mai daɗi”, raunin glucose mai rauni na iya shafan haemoglobin na glycated.

Rashin daidaituwa na hawan glucose yawanci ana haifar dashi saboda:

• karancin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jiki;
• tabin hankali;
• gazawar koda
• babban abun ciki na haemoglobin na jarirai a cikin jarirai, wanda ke komawa al'ada a cikin watanni uku.

Rage abun ciki na haemoglobin baya faruwa sau da yawa, amma wannan lamari ne mai haɗari. Decreasearin raguwa a cikin mai nuna ƙasa 4 4% na iya rinjayar ta:

1. yanayin hypoglycemic;
2. Rashin raunin da / ko gazawar hanta;
3. Rashin zubar jini;
4. Paarancin aiki na tsarin kewaya;
5. Cututtukan hemolytic;
6. Cutar fitsari.

Sau da yawa tare da karancin taro na glucose a cikin jini, mai haƙuri yana jin gajiya, nutsuwa, farin ciki. A cikin mafi girman siffofin, ana iya samun rikicewar jijiyoyi da nakasa gani. Koyaya, wannan yanayin yana da haɗari sosai, saboda zai iya haifar da ci gaba na ciki ko ma mutuwa.

Hanyoyi don rage HbA1c

Tun da matakin gemoclobin da glycated glucose alamu ne da ke dogara da juna, raguwar abubuwan sukari ya ƙunshi raguwa a cikin HbA1c.

Babu takamaiman umarnin.

Dole ne a bi ka'idodi na yau da kullun don kiyaye daidaitaccen glucose a cikin sukari.

Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara a kiyaye:

1. Ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Yakamata mara lafiya ya ware daga abincin duk wasu kayan ciye-ciye, kayan ledo, soyayyen abinci mai mai. Yakamata ya ci fresh fresh da kayan marmari, kayan skim, da abinci mai kyau a cikin zare. Bi ka'idodin tsarin maganin abinci don maganin ciwon sukari da cinye isasshen ruwa.
2. Rayuwa mai aiki. Wannan baya nufin cewa kuna buƙatar fitar da kanku da motsa jiki da yawa. Da farko, yin tafiya a cikin iska mai laushi ya isa aƙalla minti 30 a rana. Bayan haka zaku iya fadada ayyukanku na waje tare da wasannin motsa jiki, iyo, yoga da makamantansu.
3. Kulawa akai-akai na abubuwan sukari. Masu ciwon sukari masu dauke da cutar ta 1 suna buƙatar bincika matakin glycemic kafin kowane aikin insulin, kuma tare da nau'in 2 - aƙalla sau uku a rana.
4. Gudanar da lokaci na maganin cututtukan jini da injections na insulin. Wajibi ne a bi daidaitattun magunguna da lokacin amfani da kwayoyi.

Bugu da kari, yakamata ku ziyarci likita a kai a kai domin shawara da shawarwari.

Sakamakon ganewar asali

Mai haƙuri na iya jure alamomin ciwon sukari da sauran cututtuka na dogon lokaci, amma kar a taɓa neman taimakon ƙwararrun likita.

Kasancewar rashin kulawa ga jikin ka na iya samun mummunan sakamako.

Tare da rashin tabbacin ganewar cutar sankara, ana ƙaddamar da hanyoyin da ba a jujjuya ba har zuwa kusan dukkanin gabobin ɗan adam.

Ci gaban ilimin cuta yana haifar da irin wannan rikice-rikice:

• Nephropathy, i.e. lalacewar koda a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus;
• maganin ciwon sukari - kumburin retina, wanda hangen nesa yake rauni;
• angiopathy - lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki wanda ke haifar da aiki mai rauni;
• ƙafa mai ciwon sukari - ƙonƙwasa da bugun ƙananan ƙananan tare da haɗarin gangrene.
• cututtuka daban-daban na microcirculation na jijiyoyin jini;
• Cutar cataracts sune babban hanyar asarar hangen nesa a cikin ciwon sukari;
• encephalopathy - lalacewar kwakwalwa wanda ya haifar da raunin oxygen, rikicewar wurare dabam dabam, mutuwar ƙwayoyin jijiya;
• arthropathy cuta ce ta haɗin gwiwa wanda ya haifar da asarar ƙirar salma.

Kamar yadda kake gani, waɗannan cututtukan suna da haɗari sosai kuma suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a kai a kai akai ba kawai gwaji don haemoglobin ba, har ma da sauran gwaje-gwajen da suka wajaba. A wurin liyafar, likita zai yi bayani ga mara lafiyar yadda za ayi shi ta hanyar da ta dace, sannan kuma ya gano sakamakon binciken. Irin wannan hanyar za ta taimaka tare da daidaito don gano cututtukan sukari ko rashin lafiyar metabolism a cikin haƙuri.

A cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, ana ci gaba da batun gwajin haemoglobin.