Polyneuropathy na ƙananan ƙarshen shine rabuwa mai yawa na ƙwayoyin jijiya. Cutar na nuna halin rarrabuwar kafafu, rashin saukin kamuwa lokacin da aka taɓa shi kuma aka fallasa shi ga zazzabi, da sauran rikice-rikice na ƙananan ƙarshen.
Tare da wannan cutar, ana shafar jijiyoyi masu motsa motsi da hankali, kazalika da yankuna nesa na jijiyoyin dake ƙafa. Abubuwan da ke haifar da tasirin bayyanar cututtuka sun dogara da nau'in cutar.
Iri na polyneuropathy
Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan:
- Kumburi - sanadin bayyanar shine kumburi mara nauyi wanda yake faruwa a cikin jijiyoyin jijiya;
- Tashin hankali - yana bayyana bayan raunin daban-daban, kamar a cikin hoto;
- Mai guba - sanadin abin da ya faru shine guba na jiki tare da ɗayan abubuwa masu guba (alal misali, altait);
- Allergic polyneuropathies na ƙananan ƙarshen - ya tashi sakamakon cin zarafin ayyukan rigakafi na jiki.
Kula! Polyneuropathy na iya zama m ko na kullum, axonal (a wannan yanayin ana canza sililin silsilar ƙwayar jijiya) da kuma demyelinating (yana bayyana saboda canje-canje na jijiyoyin jikin ƙwayoyin jijiya).
A cikin tsari na yau da kullun, cutar ta haɗu a hankali. Amma yana iya ci gaba sosai cikin sauri, yana motsawa da sauri daga tsinkaye zuwa tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.
Sanadin polyneuropathy
Cutar na iya haɓaka ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwa da yawa, rashin alheri, koyaushe ba zai yiwu a tsayar da su ba.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban polyneuropathy suna da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da cututtukan autoimmune (rikice-rikice a cikin aiki na tsarin rigakafi wanda ke fitowa sakamakon rashin daidaituwa a cikin jiki), masana'antu (gubar), ko maye tare da abinci mara inganci da abubuwan sha mai ɗauke da giya.
Kari akan haka, abubuwanda suke haifar da ci gaban cutar sune cutuka, kwayoyin halittar jini, dukkan nau'ikan cututtukan dake haifarda kumburi da jijiyoyin jiki.
Sauran dalilan don ci gaban polyneuropathy na iya zama: amfani da kwayoyi ba tare da kulawa ba (penicillin, streptomycin, azaserin, da sauransu), hanta mai rauni, koda, fitsari, rashi bitamin da kuma cututtukan endocrine (ciwon sukari mellitus).
Amma, a matsayinka na mulkin, polyneuropathy na kafafu ya bayyana lokacin da sassan sassan juyayi masu nisa su ne farkon waɗanda zasu fara amsa abubuwan da aka haifar da cutar a cikin tsarin.
Wani dalili kuma shine ya tabbatar da cewa masu nesa kusa basu da shingen kwakwalwa-jini.
Sabili da haka, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka daban-daban na iya shiga cikin haɗin jijiya daga rafin jini.
Kwayar cutar
Tare da polyneuropathy, ana lura da lalacewar ƙwayoyin tactile da neurons waɗanda ke da alhakin motsi. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin jijiya na iya haifar da:
- rage ji na ƙwarai (babu taɓawa, zafi ko sanyi)
- kumburi da paresis (lethargy, paralysis),
- rauni na tsoka.
Hakanan, tare da polyneuropathy, ana lura da alamun cututtuka kamar raguwa ko rashin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki da fashewa da ciwo mai zafi a cikin jijiyoyin gefe. Koyaya, akwai alamu a cikin nau'ikan paresthesia da goosebumps, kuma canje-canje ɗin saboda lalacewar ƙwayar tsoka.
Mahimmanci! "Cock's gait" shine ɗayan manyan alamomin da ke tashi a yanayin rashin magani na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.
A cikin matakai na gaba na ci gaba da cutar, polyneuropathy na ƙananan ƙarshen halayen yana nuna gaskiyar cewa tsokoki gaba daya atrophy, Guillain-Barré ciwo yana haɓaka (gurguwar kafafu, da kuma bayan tsokoki na huhu), da cututtukan trophic suna bayyana, wanda shima yana matsayin mahimman alamun cutar.
Ciwon ciki
Ana gano wannan cutar ta wata hanya dabam, a yayin da likita yayi nazarin dukkan alamun cutar, ta haka ne za a kawar da wasu cututtukan da ke kama da alamu. Hakanan za'a iya gano ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a nan.
Lokacin da ake binciken polyneuropathy, likitan likitocin ke jagoranta da alamun alamun kulawa, yana mai da hankali ga dukkan alamu.
A lokaci guda, likita ya yi gwajin waje, ya bincika halayen kuma ya gano tarihin gado (shin akwai cututtukan da suka yi kama da juna a cikin dangi na kusa?), A hankali yana bincika duk alamun.
Tare da saurin ci gaba da cutar da kuma tuhuma da mummunan yanayin, ko kuma idan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta haɓaka, likita ya tambayi mara lafiya menene magunguna da samfuran da mai haƙuri ya yi amfani da shi.
Hanyar ganewar asali
Sau da yawa ana amfani da irin waɗannan hanyoyin na kayan bincike na kayan aiki:
- biopsy
- gwajin jini na biochemical;
- palpation na kututture na jijiyoyin jiki don nemo hatimin a cikin jijiyoyin jijiya, wanda ke nuni da matsayin gado a cikin bayyanar cutar;
- daukar hoto;
- electroneuromyography - an yi shi don tantance saurin bugun bugun;
- nazarin duban dan tayi na gabobin ciki;
- nazarin sassauci;
- bincike na ƙwayar cerebrospinal (ƙwayar ƙwayar mara mara nauyi).
Jiyya
Kulawa da polyneuropathy, kamar kowane cututtuka da ke hade da tsarin juyayi, yana da wahala. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa.
Game da batun sakandare (ciwon sukari, cututtukan cututtukan thyroid), sannan an wajabta magani don farkon dalilin lalacewar neuronal.
A cikin lura da cutar polyneuropathy na farko, ana amfani da magungunan masu zuwa:
- Kwantar da hankalin tsoka (baclofen);
- yana nufin cewa sauƙaƙe tsarin aiwatar da daskararru;
- barkono barkono;
- magungunan hormonal (glucocorticosteroids);
- maganin shafawa (cream mai dauke da lidocaine);
- bitamin;
- likitanci;
- anticonvulsants (gabalentin);
- maganin alada.
Dangane da nau'in cutar mai guba, likita ya ba da umarnin plasmophoresis (hanyoyin tsarkake jini na kayan masarufi).
Tsarin motsa jiki
Kulawa da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta shine babban tsari wanda ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa.
An haɗu da magani tare da matakan motsa jiki, irin su physiotherapy (don riƙe sautin tsoka a cikin tsari) da magnetotherapy, wanda aka tura filayen magnetic zuwa wuraren matsala na ƙananan ƙarshen.
Hakanan, magani yana haɗuwa da rura wutar lantarki, farfadowa, tausa don kamuwa da cutar. Wani lokaci likita yakan tsara wa mai haƙuri abincin, a cikin abin da aka haramta cin carbohydrate, abinci mai ƙima.
A yayin jiyya kuma a matakin dawo da lafiya, mara lafiya yakamata ya sha taba kuma ya sha kwayoyi da abubuwan sha waɗanda ke da tasirin gaske da ban sha'awa.
Kula! Tare da dacewa da cikakken magani, hangen nesa na iya zama mai matukar dacewa.
Wani banbanci shine magani na nau'in gado na polyneuropathy. A wannan halin, cutar ba za a iya kawar da ita gaba daya ba, amma za'a iya rage rikitarwar cutar da kuma rikitar cutar.
Matakan hanawa
Matakan rigakafin ba su da mahimmanci fiye da jiyya kuma ana nufin kawar da abubuwan da zasu iya yin tasiri kai tsaye ga lalacewar jijiyoyin.
Don hana polyneuropathy, ya zama dole don kula da cututtukan ciki da na yau da kullun, da kuma kar a sha giya mai ɗauke da giya.
Bugu da ƙari, likitoci sun ba da shawarar amfani da wakilai masu kariya lokacin aiki tare da abubuwan haɗari mai guba, kada ku zagi amfani da magunguna (kar ku ɗauki kwayoyi ba tare da takardar izinin likita ba) da kuma kula da ingancin abincin da aka ƙone.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ba shi yiwuwa a hana polyneuropathy. Koyaya, tare da alamun farko na cutar, zaku iya tuntuɓi likita nan da nan. Saboda wannan, lokaci na gaba mai magani zai ragu sosai, kuma za a rage haɗarin haɗarin rikice rikice.
